| 释义 |
O·cra·coke Island AHD[ōʹkrə-kōk'] D.J.[ˈəʊkrəˌkəʊk]K.K.[ˈokrəˌkok]NONE（无词性）- A long barrier island off the eastern coast of North Carolina between Pamlico Sound and the Atlantic Ocean. The pirate Edward Teach, also known as Blackbeard, was killed here in 1718. It is now a popular resort area.奥克勒科克岛：北卡罗来纳州东海岸的狭长屏障岛屿，位于帕姆利科湾与大西洋之间。海盗爱德华·蒂奇，亦称“黑胡子”，1718年在此被杀。该岛现为旅游胜地
- Ocracoke is one of the Outer Banks barrier islands off the North Carolina coast. The island has a small town of about 650 year-round residents. The Ocracoke community, established in the early 1700s by people of British descent, has remained relatively isolated from the mainland for nearly three centuries. During this period of isolation, Ocracokers developed a unique dialect of American English that residents and outsiders often refer to as thebrogue, perhaps because some of the oldest Ocracoke families have Irish and Scotch-Irish roots. Some of the Ocracoke brogue's more prominent features are retentions of older features of English that vanished from most mainland dialects long ago. For example, older Ocracokers say hit for it and a-huntin for hunting. Similarly, some Ocracoke words, such as mommuck ("to harass or bother") and quamish ("sick in the stomach"), date back to at least Shakespeare's day. But contrary to popular belief, Ocracoke English is not Elizabethan English preserved unchanged since the first English speakers came to the island. All languages and dialects change over time, even those far removed from the influence of outside language varieties. Pronunciations are particularly susceptible to change. Thus, some of the most familiar pronunciation features of the Ocracoke dialect probably do not date back to the community's earliest origins but are more likely innovations that developed around the turn of the 20th century. Its best-known feature is the pronunciation of the vowel sound in words like high and tide as similar to (oi), so that high tide sounds like (hoi toid). In fact, Ocracokers and neighboring islanders are often known as hoi toiders. In recent decades, Ocracokers have had increasing contact with outsiders as the island's traditional marine-based economy has become tourism-based. With this influx of mainlanders, the Ocracoke brogue is rapidly fading away. Nonetheless, because it allows islanders to distinguish themselves from tourists and new residents—and thus preserve their identity—prominent features of the Ocracoke brogue may remain unaffected by contact with other speech communities. 奥克勒科克岛是北卡罗来纳州外海岸屏障岛屿之一。奥克勒科克岛上的小镇约有650年的历史。英国人后裔在18世纪早期建立了奥克勒科克小区，近三个世纪以来这个小区与大陆之间处于相对隔绝的状态。在隔绝期间，奥克勒科克人发展出一种和美式英语完全不同的方言，当地居民和岛外人称其为爱尔兰土音 ，可能因为某些最古老的奥克勒科克家族有着爱尔兰或苏格兰-爱尔兰血统。奥克勒科克爱尔兰土音的某些明显特征保留着在大部分大陆方言中早已消失殆尽的英语早期特征。例如年长的奥克勒科克人用 hit 指 it 、用 a-huntin 指 hunting 。同样地，一些奥克勒科克词汇至少可以追溯到莎士比亚年代，如 mommuck （“不断打扰或烦扰”）和 quamish （“胃痛，作呕”）。但同普遍看法相反，奥克勒科克英语并不是自第一个讲英语的人到达该岛之后就从未改变过的伊莉萨白时代英语。所有的语言和方言都会随时间推移不断变化，即使那些未受到外来语影响的语言和方言亦是如此。发音就是最容易改变的。因此奥克勒科克方言的最常见发音特色也许无法追溯到奥克勒科克小区的最早根源，但却可能是20世纪交替时期的创新。它流传最广的特色就是元音的发音，如单词 high 和 tide 的发音接近（oi），所以 high tide 听起来像（hoi toid）。奥克勒科克人和相邻岛屿居民常被称作 hoi toiders 。近几十年来，奥克勒科克人不断加强同岛外人的联系，奥克勒科克岛已从传统的渔业经济转为旅游业经济。随着大陆人口的流入，奥克勒科克爱尔兰土音正快速消失。尽管如此，由于奥克勒科克岛容许奥克勒科克人保留他们不同于旅游者及新居民的特质──从而保持他们的特性──奥克勒科克爱尔兰土音的显著特色得以不受其它语言小区的影响
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