| 释义 |
pen·al·ty AHD[pĕnʹəl-tē] D.J.[ˈpenəltiː]K.K.[ˈpɛnəlti]n.（名词）pl. pen.al.ties 【复数】- A punishment established by law or authority for a crime or an offense.惩罚，刑罚，处罚：由法律或权力当局制订的对罪犯或犯法行为的惩罚
- Something, especially a sum of money, required as a forfeit for an offense.罚金：尤指一笔钱等受处罚而交纳的东西
- The disadvantage or painful consequences resulting from an action or a condition:不利结果，损失：由于某种行为或状况而导致的不利或令人痛苦的结果：neglected his health and paid the penalty.他忽视身体健康而自食苦果
- Sports A punishment, handicap, or loss of advantage imposed on a team or competitor for infraction of a rule.【体育运动】 罚球，罚分，罚下场：体育比赛中对犯规的赛队或运动员所施加的惩罚、障碍或不利条件
- Often penalties Games Points scored in contract bridge by the opponents when the declarer fails to make a bid. 常作 penalties 【游戏】 桥牌罚分：桥牌中因未能叫牌而被对方减的罚分
n.attributive.（定语名词）- Often used to modify another noun:常用于修饰其它名词：a penalty kick; a penalty stroke.罚球，罚点球；罚击
- Middle English penalte 中古英语 penalte
- from Old French penalite 源自 古法语 penalite
- from Medieval Latin poenālitās 源自 中世纪拉丁语 poenālitās
- from Latin poenālis [penal] * see penal 源自 拉丁语 poenālis [惩罚的] * 参见 penal
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