| 单词 | 一团糟 |
| 释义 | 〔muddle〕A disordered condition; a mess or jumble.混乱状态：无次序的状态；一团糟或乱七八糟〔butcher〕One who bungles something.笨拙的人：一个将事情搞得一团糟的人〔mess〕left a mess in the yard.把庭院搞得一团糟〔royal〕"It would be a first-class royal mess"(Sam Nunn)“那将真是一团糟”(萨姆·努恩)〔butchery〕Something botched; a bungle.乱糟糟：被糟蹋的东西；一团糟〔foam〕was foaming over the disastrous budget cuts.对搞得一团糟的预算削减大为恼火〔botch〕To make or perform clumsily; bungle.表现拙劣：做得或表现得拙劣；搞得一团糟〔goof〕goof up a job.把工作搞得一团糟〔say〕The yard is a mess, to say nothing of the house.院子里已经是一团糟，更不用说房子了〔honestly〕Honestly! Look at the mess you've made.哦!看看你弄得这一团糟〔shall〕The sentenceYou shall have your money expresses a promise ("I will see that you get your money"), whereasYou will have your money makes a simple prediction. · Such, at least, are the traditional rules.But the distinction has never taken firm root outside of what H.W. Fowler described as "the English of the English" (as opposed to that of the Scots and Irish), and even there it has always been subject to variation.Despite the efforts of generations of American schoolteachers, the distinction is largely alien to the modern American idiom.In Americawill is used to express most of the senses reserved for shall in English usage, andshall itself is restricted to first person interrogative proposals, as inShall we go? and to certain fixed expressions, such asWe shall overcome. Shall is also used in formal style to express an explicit obligation,as inApplicants shall provide a proof of residence, though this sense is also expressed bymust or should. In speech the distinction that the English signal by the choice ofshall or will may be rendered by stressing the auxiliary, as in I will leave tomorrow ("I intend to leave"); by choosing another auxiliary, such as must or have to; or by using an adverb such as certainly. · Many earlier American writers observed the traditional distinction betweenshall and will, and some continue to do so.The practice cannot be called incorrect,though it may strike American ears as somewhat mannered.But the distinction is difficult for those who do not come by it natively,and Americans who essay ashall in an unfamiliar context run considerable risk of getting it wrong, and so of being caught out in that most embarrassing of linguistic gaffes, the bungled Anglicism.See Usage Note at should 句子你将得到你的钱 表达了一种承诺（“我将保证你得到你的钱”）， 而你会得到你的钱 仅仅做出了简单预测。 这些至少是传统规则。但是这种用法上的区别仅局限于H·W·福勒所描述的“英格兰人的英语”（与苏格兰人和爱尔兰人的英语相对），即使在英格兰英语中它一直在变化。尽管经过几代美国学校教师的努力，这种区别对现代美国习惯用语仍是相当生疏的。在美国，will 被用来表达在英国用法中大多为 shall 保留的含义， 而shall 则限于第一人称疑问句式的提议， 如在我们该走了吧? 及某些固定表达中， 例如我们会克服的。 Shall 也用在正式文体中表示明确职责，如申请者应提供居留证明 ， 虽然这个意义也可用must 或 should 表达。 在口语中可以通过强调助动词shall 或 will ，如 我 将 于明天离开 （“我打算明天离开”）；或通过选择另一个助动词 must 或 have to ；或通过使用如 certainly 这样的副词来表达英国人用这两个词时的区别。 许多早期的美国作家注意到了shall 和 will 之间的传统区别， 而且一些人仍在继续这样做。这种用法不能被称作不正确，虽然美国人听起来有点矫揉造作的意味。但是这种区别对于那些不能通过母语了解它的人是困难的，而且在一个不熟悉的上下文中，试图用shall 的美国人很有可能犯错误， 因而在许多令人难堪的语言即被搞得一团糟的英式英语中出丑 参见 should〔shambles〕Great clutter or jumble; a total mess:一团糟：特别凌乱或杂乱；完全混乱：〔grief〕Trying to follow their directions was nothing but grief.试图按他们的指导去做只会一团糟〔mess〕clothes that were a mess after painting the ceiling; made a mess of their marriage.粉刷天花板后，衣服被弄得肮脏不堪；把他们的婚姻搞得一团糟〔bungle〕made a bungle of the case due to inexperience.由于没有经验，把这事处理得一团糟 |
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