| 单词 | 不标准 |
| 释义 | 〔solecism〕A nonstandard usage or grammatical construction.语法错误：不标准的用法或语法结构〔sneak〕Snuck is an Americanism first introduced in the 19th century as a nonstandard regional variant ofsneaked. But widespread use ofsnuck has become more common with every generation. It is now used by educated speakers in all regions,and there is some evidence to suggest that it is more frequent among younger speakers thansneaked is. Formal written English is naturally and properly more conservative than other varieties, of course,and heresnuck still meets with much resistance. Many writers and editors have a lingering unease about the form,particularly if they recall its nonstandard origins.In fact, our consolidated citations, exhibiting almost 10,000 instances ofsneaked and snuck, indicate thatsneaked is preferred by a factor of 7 to 2. And 67 percent of the Usage Panel disapproves ofsnuck. Nevertheless, in recent yearssnuck has been quietly establishing itself in formal writing. An electronic search of a wide range of reputable publications turns up hundreds of citations forsnuck, not just in sports writingbut in news columns and commentary: Snuck 是一个美国独创词， 19世纪作为sneaked 的不标准的地方变体被首次引入。 在每一代，snuck 这个词都得到了广泛应用。 现在，任何地区受过教育的人都使用它，而且证据显示在年轻的使用者中，它比sneaked 更加常用。 当然，正式的文字英语自然要比其它语体保守一些，在这里，snuck 一词还是受到了排挤。 许多作家和编辑对这个词的形式有一种长久的反感，特别是联系到它不标准的起源。实际上，在我们反复验证过的显示约一万个使用sneaked 和 snuck 的引文中， 表明sneaked 受到青睐的程度为七比二。 用法专题使用小组成员中百分之六十七的人的反对snuck 一词。 但是，最近几年，snuck 在正式文体中也悄悄确立了它的地位。 对一系列著名出版物的电子扫描调查显示出几百处使用snuck 的地方， 而且不光是在体育文章中，在新闻专栏和评论中也有使用： 〔ought〕Although the omission ofto was formerly possible in English, it is now considered nonstandard. ·Usages such asHe hadn't ought to come and She shouldn't ought to say that are common in many varieties of American English. They should be avoided in written English,however, in favor of the more standard variantought not to. 尽管以前在英语里省略to 是可能的， 但现在这样做就会被认为不标准。例如他不会来 和 她不该说 之类的用法在各种美式英语中很普遍。 但在书面英语中应避免这样使用，而应使用更标准的变体ought not to 〔birth〕Until recently, the use ofbirth as a verb meaning "to bear (a child)” has been confined to Southern speech: "Heap o' good it do a woman to birth a mess o' young uns and raise 'em and then have 'em all go off to oncet" (Marjorie K. Rawlings).Recently, however, the nonstandard Southern usage has coincided with widespread usage of verbs derived from nouns, such asparent, network, and microwave. Birth in this new usage is most commonly found in its present participial form and is used as an adjective in the compound birthing room. 以前birth 意为生育（孩子）的动词用法仅限于南方语言： 一个女人生养一大堆孩子，然后他们都一起离开家庭，这对于她来说有很大好处。” （玛乔里·K·罗林斯）。但是最近，这种不标准的南方用法与广泛使用名词作动词的用法相吻合，如作父母，连网络 和 传送微波。 Birth这种新的用法常见于现在分词形式并用于合成词中的形容词 育婴室 〔there〕Although this usage is strictly incorrect,the attraction of the verb to the singular noun phrase following it is so strong that few writers manage to avoid the construction entirely. ·The demonstrative formsthat there and this here are nonstandard. 尽管严格地讲，这种用法是错误的，但动词对于跟随它的单数名词短语的吸引力如此之强以至几乎没有作者能完全避免这种结构。指示形式that there 和 this here 是不标准的 〔fractal〕A geometric pattern that is repeated at ever smaller scales to produce irregular shapes and surfaces that cannot be represented by classical geometry. Fractals are used especially in computer modeling of irregular patterns and structures in nature.不规则碎片形：一种几何形状，被以越来越小的比例反复折叠而产生不能被标准几何所定义的不标准的形状和表面。不规则碎片形尤被用于对天然不规则的模型和结构的计算机模型制作中〔substandard〕Not in accord with notions of good English; nonstandard.See Usage Note at nonstandard 非标准语言用法的，不标准的 参见 nonstandard〔atypical〕Not conforming to type; unusual or irregular.非典型的，不标准的，反常的，不正常的：与类型不符合的；不寻常的或不合规格的〔nonstandard〕Varying from or not adhering to the standard:不标准的：不同于标准的或不信守标准的： |
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