| 单词 | 不禁要 |
| 释义 | 〔rattle〕A large proportion (86 percent) of the Usage Panel approved the use of the verbrattle in the sense "to unnerve" in the first edition ofThe American Heritage Dictionary, published in 1969. But we may ask how the verbrattle came to have such a sense. The earliest use of the word is found in a name,Johannes Ratellebagg, recorded in a document of around 1273; the earliest use of the word as a common noun (in the sense "to flap, used of a banner") is found in a work written about 1300and copied in manuscript around 1330.It is thought that the word probably comes from Middle Dutchratelen, which may be imitative in origin. In any case,the wordratelen was used mainly in intransitive senses such as "to make a rattling sound.”Already in Middle English, however, the transitive sense "to babble something" existed,and other transitive senses,as in "to make something rattle,” "to stir up, rouse,” "to drive in a rapid, rattling manner,” came into existence from the 16th century on.The transitive sense "to unnerve,”that is, "to make somebody rattle,” is first found in an American work of 1869.词语用法专题小组中有相当一部分人（百分之八十六）都同意rattle 这个词有“使人不安”的意思， 1969年出版的美国经典辞书 第一版收录了这一意思。 但人们不禁要问动词rattle 为何有了这个意思。 该词最早的使用发现于1273年前后记载的一个文件中的Johannes Ratellebagg 这个名字中； 1300年这个词第一次被用作普通名词（意为“飘扬，用于旗帜”），1330年又见于手抄的印本中。人们认为这个词可能来自原来可能是拟声词的中古德语ratelen 。 不过无论怎样，ratelen 这个词本来只是作为不及物动词来使用， 如发出嘎嘎声等意思。在中古英语中，“含糊不清地说出”这一及物动词的意思就已存在，该词其它的及物意思，如“使发出嘎嘎声”、“激起，唤醒”“嘎嘎响地急速向前拖”从16世纪开始就形成了。及物意思“使不安，”即“使某人惊慌”首先出现于1869年的美国作品中 |
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