| 单词 | 世纪 |
| 释义 | 〔toupee〕A curl or lock of hair worn during the 18th century as a topknot on a periwig.顶髻：在18世纪戴在头上作为假发顶髻的卷发或一缕头发〔Nepos〕Roman historian whose only extant work is a series of biographies of statesmen and soldiers.内波斯，科尔内留斯：(1世纪) 罗马历史学家，其仅存的著作是一系列政治家和士兵的传记丛书〔verbal〕Verbal has been used to refer to spoken, as opposed to written, communication by reputable writers since the 16th century, and the usage cannot be considered incorrect.But critics are right to observe that this use ofverbal may sometimes invite confusion with the use meaning "by linguistic means.” Thus the phrasemodern technologies for verbal communication may refer only to devices such as radio, the telephone, and the loudspeaker, or also may refer to devices such as the telegraph, the teletype, and the fax machine.In such contexts the wordoral is always available to convey the narrower sense of communication by spoken means. Verbal 自16世纪以来一直为优秀作家所使用，用来指与书面交流相对的口头交流， 而且不能认为这一用法是不正确的。但是批评家们却正确地评论说verbal 的这一用法有些时候可能会与意指“通过语言的方式”的用法相混淆。 由此modern technologies for verbal communication（用于语言交流的现代技术） 这一短语可能只用于指诸如无线电广播、电话以及扬声器之类的装置， 或者也有可能又指诸如电报机、电传打字机以及传真机之类的装置。在这种情况中，oral 一词总是用来表示用口头方式的狭义上的交流 〔Srinagar〕A city of northern India on the Jhelum River north of Amritsar. Founded in the sixth centurya.d. , it has long been a noted resort. Population, 594,775. 斯利那加：印度北部一城市，位于阿木里查北部扎勒姆河畔。建于公元前 6世纪，长期以来一直是有名的旅游胜地。人口594,775 〔Hermosillo〕A city of northwest Mexico near the Gulf of California west of Chihuahua. Established c. 1700, it is a trade center in an agricultural and mining area. Population, 297,175.埃莫西约：墨西哥西北的一城市，位于邻近加利福尼亚海湾、奇瓦瓦以西。建于18世纪，为农业及采矿区的贸易中心。人口297,175〔Diaspora〕The dispersion of Jews outside of Israel from the sixth centuryb.c. , when the Jews were exiled to Babylonia, until the present time. 大流散：从公元前 6世纪被驱逐到巴比伦起直到现在，犹太人在以色列以外的分散状况 〔Nicosia〕The capital and largest city of Cyprus, in the north-central part of the island. Founded probably before the seventh centuryb.c. , it fell to the Venetians in 1489 and the Turks in 1571. It became the capital when Cyprus gained independence in 1960. Population, 48,221. 尼科西亚：塞浦路斯首都及最大城市，位于该岛的中北部。大约建立于公元前 7世纪前，1489年被威尼斯人所控，1571年又落入土耳其人手中。1960年当塞浦路斯获得独立时被确立为首都。人口48,221 〔kore〕A sculpture representing a standing young woman clothed in long robes, especially one produced in Greece before the fifth centuryb.c. 年轻女子塑像：身披长袍站立的年轻女子的雕像，尤指公元前 5世纪的希腊雕像 〔hex〕The wordhex is a good example of the sort of borrowing into English from other languages that occurred in the English-speaking former colonies of Great Britain. German and Swiss immigrants who settled in Pennsylvania in the late 17th and 18th centuries spoke a dialect of German known as Pennsylvania Dutch.In this dialecthexe was the equivalent of the German verb hexen, "to practice sorcery.” Our verbhex, first recorded in the sense "to practice witchcraft" in an 1830 work called Annals of Philadelphia, is borrowed from Pennsylvania Dutch, as is our noun.单词hex 是从英帝国讲英语的前殖民地的其它语言中借用到英语中来的一个很好的例子。 17世纪晚期和18世纪，在美国宾夕法尼亚定居的德裔及瑞士移民讲一种称为宾夕法尼亚荷兰语的德语方言。在这种方言中，hexe 相当于德语动词 hexen ，意为“施魔术”。 我们用的动词hex 的最早记录出现在1830年一部名为 费城年鉴 的作品中，意为“施魔术”。 该词是从宾夕法尼亚荷兰语中借用来的，名词也是同样从该方言中借来的〔Nassau〕The capital and largest city of the Bahamas, on the northeast coast of New Providence Island in the Atlantic Ocean east of Miami, Florida. Settled in the 17th century, it was a haven for pirates in the 18th century. Population, 135,000.拿骚：巴哈马的首都和最大城市，位于迈阿密、佛罗里达东部，大西洋新普罗维登斯岛东北岸。建立于17世纪，18世纪时它成为海盗的避风港。人口135,000〔Augsburg〕A city of southern Germany west-northwest of Munich. Founded by Augustus as a Roman garrison c. 14b.c. , it was a major commercial and banking center in the 15th and 16th centuries. Population, 244,400. 奥格斯堡的：德国南部一城市，位于慕尼黑西北偏西。作为罗马军事要塞于公元前 14世纪由奥古斯都建立，15及16世纪是一个主要的商业及金融中心。人口244,400 〔Highlands〕A mountainous region of central and northern Scotland extending northwest and including the Grampian Mountains. Famous for its rugged beauty, the area maintained a highly distinctive culture, based on the Scottish Gaelic language and the clan system, until well into the 19th century.苏格兰高地：苏格兰中北部的多山地区，向西北延伸，包括格兰平山脉。因其崎岖之美而闻名遐迩，该地区保持了一种独特的文化，这种文化以苏格兰盖尔语和宗族制度为基础，一直延续到19世纪〔Chernivtsi〕A city of southwest Ukraine in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains near the Romanian border. It was a center of the Ukrainian nationalist movement in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Population, 231,300查尼夫兹：乌克兰西南一城市，位于靠近罗马尼亚边境的喀尔巴阡山山麓。是19世纪和20世纪早期乌克兰民族主义运动的中心。人口231,300〔Phrygia〕An ancient region of central Asia Minor in modern-day central Turkey. It was settled c. 1200b.c. and flourished from the eighth to the sixth century, after which it came under the influence of Lydia, Persia, Greece, Rome, and Byzantium. 弗里吉亚：小亚细亚中部一古代地区，位于今天的土耳其中部。从公元前1200年起就有人定居，并从公元前 8世纪到6世纪繁荣一时，之后受到吕底亚古国、波斯、希腊、罗马和拜占庭的统治 〔Jerusalem〕The capital of Israel, in the east-central part of the country in the West Bank. Of immense religious and historical importance, the city was occupied as far back as the fourth millenniumb.c. and became the capital of King David c. 1000 b.c. Destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in the sixth century b.c. , it was later ruled by Greeks, Romans, Persians, Arabs, Crusaders, and Turks and by Great Britain under a League of Nations mandate. Israeli forces took control of the city in 1967. Jerusalem is considered a holy city to Jews, Moslems, and Christians. Population, 446,500. 耶路撒冷：以色列的首都，位于西岸上该国中东部。该城在宗教上和历史上极大的重要性可以追溯到公元前 4000年， 公元前 1000年成为大卫王国的首都。于 公元前 6世纪被尼布甲尼撒毁灭。后被希腊人、罗马人、波斯人、阿拉伯人、十字军和土耳其统治过，最后受国际联盟的托管国英国控制。以色列军队在1967年控制该城。耶路撒冷是犹太教、穆斯林和基督教的圣地。人口446,500 〔Magnitogorsk〕A city of southwest Siberian U.S.S.R. in the Ural Mountains south-southwest of Chelyabinsk. It was developed in the early 1930's as a major center for heavy industry. Population, 422,000.马格尼托哥尔斯克：原苏联西伯利亚西南部的一个城市，位于车里雅宾斯克的西南偏南方向，乌拉尔山区。在20世纪30年代早期发展成为主要的重工业中心。人口422,000〔Kaunas〕A city of western European U.S.S.R. on the Neman River south of Riga. Founded in the 11th century, it was a medieval trading post and a Lithuanian stronghold against the Teutonic Knights. Russia acquired the city in the third partition of Poland (1795). Population, 405,000.考纳斯：苏联欧洲部分的西部城市，位于里加南部涅曼河河畔。于11世纪建立，中世纪时是一个贸易站以及立陶宛人对抗古修顿骑士的据点。俄罗斯在第三次瓜分波兰（1795年）时占据此城。人口405,000〔gentian〕perhaps after Gentius , second-century b.c. king of Illyria 可能由 延蒂乌斯 而得名，他是 公元前 2世纪的伊利里亚国王 〔Savoy〕A historical region and former duchy of southeast France, western Switzerland, and northwest Italy. The region changed hands many times after its conquest by Julius Caesar and became a duchy in the early 15th century. In 1720 the duke of Savoy gained the title king of Sardinia, and in 1861 the Savoyard Victor Emmanuel II ascended the throne of the newly formed kingdom of Italy. Much of the original territory was ceded to France at the same time.萨伏伊：历史上的地区名，是法国东南、瑞士西部和意大利西北部以前的一个公国。此地在为裘力斯·凯撒征服以后几次易手，并在15世纪早期成为公国，1720年萨伏伊大公取得撒丁尼亚尼亚国王的头衔，1861年萨伏伊征服者伊曼纽尔二世登上新成立的意大利王国皇座，同时原萨伏伊的大部地区割让给了法国〔Erfurt〕A city of central Germany southwest of Leipzig. Site of an episcopal see founded by Saint Boniface in the eighth century, it was later a free imperial city and a member of the Hanseatic League. Population, 214,231.爱尔福特：德国中部城市，位于莱比锡西南部。作为主教教廷的所在地，该城于公元8世纪由圣博尼费斯建立，后来成为自由的国王属城并为中世纪自由日耳曼城市商人联盟的成员。人口214,231〔Chechnya〕A region of southwest Russia in the northern Caucasus bordering on Georgia. Conquered by Russia in the 19th century, it later formed part of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Chechnya declared its independence from the USSR in 1991. Russian troops invaded in late 1994, and fighting continued until 1996, when Russia and Chechnya signed an accord calling for an end to hostilities and the opening of negotiations on Chechnya's future political status.车臣：俄罗斯西南部地区，位于与格鲁吉亚共和国接壤的高加索北部。19世纪该地区被俄罗斯征服后成为车臣-印古什自治苏维埃社会主义共和国的一部分。1991年车臣宣告脱离苏联而独立。1994下半年俄罗斯军队入侵车臣，1996年俄罗斯与车臣签订和平条约要求结束对立并开始协商车臣未来的政治地位，至此这场战争宣告结束〔Yamasee〕A Native American people formerly inhabiting parts of coastal Georgia and South Carolina. The Yamasee dispersed to other Native American groups after conflict with English colonists in the early 18th century.雅马西人：一支美洲土著人，原先居住在乔治亚和南卡罗来纳州的沿海地区，18世纪早期，与英国殖民者发生冲突后，雅马西人被驱散到其它美洲土著人部落〔he〕Beginning early in the 20th century, however,the traditional usage has come under increasing criticismfor reflecting and perpetuating gender discrimination. ·Defenders of the traditional usage have argued that the masculine pronounshe, his, and him can be used generically to refer to men and women. This analysis of the generic use ofhe is linguistically doubtful.Ifhe were truly a gender-neutral form, we would expect that it could be used to refer to the members of any group containing both men and women.But in fact the English masculine form is an odd choice when it refers to a female member of such a group.There is something plainly disconcerting about sentences such as 可是从20世纪早期起，传统用法不断受到指责，因为它反映并长久维持性别歧视。传统用法辩护者认为阳性代词he，his 和 him 可以用来指代男人和女人的总称。 有关he 的属性用法的分析， 从语言学角度上来说，是有疑问的。如果he 果真是一个中性形式， 我们猜想它可以用来指代任何包含有男人和女人的群体中的成员。但事实上，在英语中用阳性形式来指代上述一群体中的女性成员构成一种很奇特的选择。如下面这个句子中明显存在使人困窘之处： 〔Connacht〕A historical region of west-central Ireland. An ancient native kingdom, it was dominated by the O'Connor family in the 11th and 12th centuries.康诺特省：爱尔兰中西部-历史地区。它曾是一个古代帝国，在11世纪和12世纪被奥康瑙尔家族统治〔polonaise〕A woman's dress of the 18th century, having a fitted bodice and draped cutaway skirt, worn over an elaborate underskirt.波兰式围裙：18世纪的一种妇女服装，有合体的上身和斜裁的下摆裙，穿在一条精心制作的衬裙上〔Epirus〕An ancient country on the Ionian Sea in present-day northwest Greece and southern Albania. It flourished in the 3rd centuryb.c. and was later a Roman province. An independent state after a.d. 1204, Epirus was conquered by the Turks in the 15th century. 伊庇鲁斯：爱琴海上一古国，位于现今希腊和阿尔巴尼亚南部的西北方，公元前 3世纪达到全盛，后成罗马帝国一省， 公元 1204年成为一自由城邦，15世纪伊庇鲁斯被土耳其人占领 〔Moesia〕An ancient region of southeast Europe south of the Danube River in what is now eastern Yugoslavia and northern Bulgaria. Originally inhabited by Thracians, it was conquered by the Romans c. 29b.c. and occupied by Goths in the fourth century a.d. 默西亚：欧洲东南部的一个古老地区，在多瑙河南部今南斯拉夫东部和保加利亚北部，最初被色雷斯人居住，公元前 29年被罗马人征服，并于 公元 4世纪被戈特人占领 〔Yankee〕Yankee is an excellent example of a widely known word whose origins cannot be determined. The best hypothesis is thatYankee comes from Dutch Janke, a nickname forJan, "John.” Evidence can be found in theOxford English Dictionary that the forms Yankey, Yanky, and Yankee were used as surnames or nicknames in the 17th century. The wordYankee is first found in one of our modern senses in 1758, the sense being "a New Englander.” The 17th-century nickname forJan was derisive, and the first instances of our word show the term being used derisively by the British for New Englanders.After the Battle of Lexington (1775) New Englanders dignified the name.The British were responsible for application of the term to all Americans (a use first recorded around 1784);and Southerners, for application of the term to Northerners (first recorded in 1817).Yankee 是一个广为人知但来源不明的单词的极好例证。 最好的假设是Yankee 来自于荷兰语 Janke, 是Jan “约翰”的浑名。 从《牛津英语字典》 可以找到证据证明 Yankey,Yanky 和 Yankee 这些形式在17世纪曾被用作姓氏或浑名。 Yankee 一词的第一个现代意义出现于1758年，即“新英格兰人”。 17世纪Jan 的浑名含有嘲弄意味， 该词的第一例用法也说明英国人用它来嘲弄新英格兰人。在莱克星顿战役(1775年）后，新英格兰人赋于了它尊严与荣誉。英国人用该词来指称所有美国人（首次出现于1784年）；美国南方人则用它指称北方人（首次出现于1817年）〔fifty〕Often Fifties The decade from 50 to 59 in a century. 常作 Fifties 五十年代：在一个世纪中从50年到59年的十年〔ruff〕A stiffly starched frilled or pleated circular collar of lace, muslin, or other fine fabric, worn by men and women in the 16th and 17th centuries.轮状皱领：网眼织物平纹细布或其他细致织物做的上浆或打褶的硬圆领子，16和17世纪时男女穿戴〔Lamia〕A city of east-central Greece northwest of Athens. Founded c. fifth centuryb.c. , it was the site of the Lamian War (323-322 b.c. ) between the confederated Greeks and the Macedonian general Antipater, who was besieged in the city for several months before his ultimate victory. Population, 41,667. 拉米亚：希腊中东部的一座城市，位于雅典的西北部。该市大约于公元前 5世纪建立，希腊联邦与马其顿将军安提帕特之间的拉米亚战争（ 公元前 323年-322年）就爆发于此地，安提帕特将军在该市被困几个月后最后取得胜利。人口41,667 〔Cognac〕A city of western France on the Charente River north-northeast of Bordeaux. It is famous for its distilleries, which have manufactured and exported cognac since the 18th century. Population, 20,660.科纳克：法国西部一城市，靠近查兰特河，在波尔多东北偏北。以酒厂著称，自18世纪以来一直制造和出口法国白兰地酒。人口20,660〔existence〕laws in existence for centuries;法律存在了几个世纪；〔Yerevan〕A city of southeast European U.S.S.R. south of Tbilisi. An ancient city founded on the site of a fortress established in the eighth centuryb.c. , it was strategically important as a trade center on caravan routes linking Transcaucasia and India after the seventh century a.d. and is now the capital of Armenia. Population, 1,133,000. 埃里温：苏联东南欧部分一城市，位于第比利斯以南，公元前 8世纪，在一堡垒的所在地建立起来的一座古城， 公元 7世纪以后，它作为连接外高加索和印度商路上的贸易中心，具有重要的战略地位。现在是亚美尼亚的首都。人口1,133,000 〔Reconstructionism〕The branch of Judaism founded in the United States in the 20th century that regards Judaism as a religious civilization and questions the doctrine that the Jews are God's chosen people.犹太复兴运动：20世纪源于美国的犹太教的一支，认为犹太教是一个宗教文明，并对认为犹太人是上帝选定的子民的教条提出质疑〔Taunton〕A city of southeast Massachusetts on theTaunton River north of Fall River. Settled in the 1630's, it is a metalworking and manufacturing center. Population, 49,832. 陶顿：美国马萨诸塞州东南部一城市，位于陶顿河 沿岸，福尔河北部。它始建于17世纪30年代，现在是一个金属工业和制造业中心。人口49,832 〔melic〕Of or relating to verse that is intended to be sung, especially Greek lyric verse of the seventh to fifth centuryb.c. 可歌咏的：可唱的诗歌的，尤指公元前 7世纪至公元前5世纪的希腊抒情诗或与其有关的 〔Mainz〕A city of west-central Germany at the confluence of the Rhine and Main rivers west-southwest of Frankfurt. Built on the site of a Roman camp founded in the 1st centuryb.c. , it is an important industrial and commercial city. Johann Gutenburg established a printing industry here in the 15th century. Population, 187,447. 美因兹：德国中西部的一个城市，位于法兰克福西南偏西方向，莱茵河和美因河的交汇处。在一个于公元前 1世纪建立的罗马军营遗址上建设起来，是一个重要的工业和商业城市。约翰·古腾堡于15世纪在这里建起了印刷工业。人口187,447 〔forty〕Often Forties The decade from 40 to 49 in a century. 常作 Forties 四十年代：一个世纪中从40年到49年的十年〔Pisa〕A city of western Italy on the Arno River near the Tyrrhenian Sea. An important Etruscan town, it developed into a powerful maritime republic in the 9th to 11th centuries but was crushed by Genoa in 1284. Florence controlled the city from 1406 to 1509. The campanile of its cathedral, built 1174-c. 1350, is the famed Leaning Tower of Pisa. Population, 104,334.比萨：意大利西部的一座城市，位于第勒尼安海附近的阿诺河沿岸。重要的伊特鲁斯亚城，在9世纪到11世纪期间曾发展成为强大的海上共和国，但1284年被热那亚摧毁。佛罗伦萨于1406至1509年控制该城。其建于1174年至1350年的大教堂钟楼是著名的比萨斜塔。人口104,334 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。