| 单词 | 两者都 |
| 释义 | 〔bunt〕[both of Low German origin] [两者都起源于低地德语] 〔mosquito〕Flies will never be popular creatures,in spite or because of their omnipresence.Two examples of the fly's influence on our lives can be found in the etymologies of the wordsmosquito and musket, both of which can be traced back tomusca, the Latin word for fly.This Latin word becamemosca in Spanish and Portuguese, Romance languages that developed from Vulgar Latin. Mosquito, the diminutive of mosca, was borrowed into English (first recorded around 1583) with the same sense "mosquito" that it had in Spanish and Portuguese. The Romance language French was the source of our wordmusket (first recorded around 1587), which came from Frenchmousquet, but this word entered French from yet another Romance language, Italian.From the descendant of Latinmusca, Italian mosca, was formed the diminutive moschetta with the senses "bolt for a catapult" and "small artillery piece.” Frommoschetta came moschetto, "musket,” the source of Frenchmousquet. The use ofmoschetta, literally "little fly,” to mean "bolt from a crossbow"can be ascribed to the factthat both bolt and insect fly, buzz, and sting.苍蝇将永远不会成为受人欢迎的动物，尽管或也许正因为它们无处不在。苍蝇影响我们生活的两个例子可在两个单词mosquito 和 musket 词源中找到， 两者都可追溯到musca， 拉丁文中是“苍蝇”的意思。这个拉丁文单词在西班牙语、葡萄牙语和其他由拉丁文演变而来的语言中变为mosca 。 Mosca 的小词 mosquito 被借入英语中（大约于1583年首次出现）跟它在西班牙语和葡萄牙语中一样，都表示“蚊子”。 从拉丁文演变来的法语是单词musket （大约在1587年首次出现）的词源， 这个词来自一个法语词mousquet ， 但这一词仍然是从另一个由拉丁语演变而来的意大利语中借入法语的。起源于拉丁语musca 的意大利单词 mosca 形成了一个小词 moschetta ， 意思是“弹弓上使用的螺钉”和“小炮弹”。 从moschetta 中产生了 moschetto 意为“火枪”， 是法语词mousquet 的词源。 moschetta 的字面意思是指“小苍蝇”， 用来比喻“弩上的弓箭”，这可以归因于一个事实，那就是弓箭和苍蝇都会飞，并且都能发出嗡嗡声而且会刺伤人〔Menninger〕Family of American psychiatrists, includingCharles Frederick (1862-1953) and his sons Karl Augustus (1893-1990) and William Claire (1899-1966). The family founded the Menninger Clinic in Topeka, Kansas (1920), and the Menninger Foundation (1941), both dedicated to psychiatric treatment, research, training, and public education. 门宁格：美国精神病医生之家，包括查尔斯·弗雷德里克 (1862-1953年）及其子 卡尔·奥古斯塔斯 (1893-1990年）和 威廉·克莱尔 (1899-1966年）。这个家庭在堪萨斯的托皮卡建立了门宁格诊所(1920年）以及门宁格基金会(1941年）。两者都致力于精神病的治疗、研究、训练及公众教育 〔disposition〕"The meeting of two personalities is like the contact of two chemical substances: if there is any reaction, both are transformed" (Carl Jung). “两种个性的相遇就如同两种化学物质的接触：如果有什么反应的话，两者都会转变” （卡尔·荣格）。〔barbarism〕There is a significant difference in meaning betweenbarbarism and barbarity. Both denote some absence of civilization,but the wordcivilization itself has several different senses, one the opposite ofbarbarism, the other the opposite of barbarity. On the one handcivilization may refer to the scientific, artistic, and cultural attainments of advanced societies; and it is this sense that figures in the meaning ofbarbarism. The English wordbarbarism originally referred to incorrect use of language, but it is now used more generally to refer to ignorance or crudity in matters of taste, including verbal expression:The New Yorker would never tolerate such barbarisms. On the other hand,civilization may refer to the basic social order that allows people to resolve their differences peaceably, and it is this sense—that is, civilization as opposed to savagery—that figures in the meaning ofbarbarity, which refers to savage brutality or cruelty in actions,as inThe accounts of the emperor's barbarity shocked the world. 在barbarism 与 barbarity 之间意义有明显的区别。 虽然两者都包含不文明的意思，但civilization 一词本身有好几种意思， 一种与barbarism 相反，另一种与 barbarity 相反。 一方面civilization 可以指在发达社会中科学、艺术、文化方面取得的成就， 这层意义能在barbarism 中得到体现。 英语词barbarism 最先指语音不正确的使用， 现在却更多地用来指品味方面的无知与鄙俗，包括动词表示法，例如：这个 纽约人 从不会容忍这些低级趣味。 另一方面，civilization 还可以指允许人们和平地彼此同化的社会基本规则。 在这个意义上，“文明”作为“残暴”的反义词，在barbarity 中得以体现， 指残酷的暴行或行为方面的残忍，例如句子这个皇帝的暴行被报道之后震惊了全世界 〔if〕In informal writingbothif and whether are standard in their use to introduce a clause indicating uncertainty after a verb such as ask, doubt, know, learn, or see: 在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 wether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准，例如 ask,doubt,know,learn, 或 see这样的动词后： 〔subcontrary〕A proposition related to another in such a way that both may be true, but both cannot be false.小反对关系，下反对关系：两个命题有着这样的关系，即两者都可能正确或错误〔misleading〕Delusive anddelusory both connote deception, sham, or fallaciousness: Delusive 和delusory 两者都意味着欺骗、哄骗或谬误： 〔act〕The wordsact and action both mean "a deed" and "the process of doing.” However, other senses ofact, such as "a decision made by a legislative body" and of action, such as "habitual or vigorous activity" show that act tends to refer to a deed while action tends to refer to the process of doing. The demands of meaning or idiom will often require one word or the other:class act and class action, for example, are not interchangeable. In cases where either can be used, either is acceptable: myact (or action ) was premature. act 及 action 两者都表示“行为”和“行动的过程”。 然而，act 的其他释义，如“立法机关所做的决定”及 action 的其他释义， 如“惯常的或充满活力的活动”表明act 偏重于指行动而 action 偏重于指行动的过程。 由于意义和习语的需求，通常只能用其中的一个单词，如：class act（出类拔萃的人） 和 class action（共同起诉） 不能互换。 在二者皆可的情况下，二者可通用：我的行为 （或 行动 ）太草率 〔liger〕The product of crossbreeding between a male lion and a female tiger, having features of both but generally being larger than either.狮虎：雄狮和雌虎杂交所生的动物，具备两者的特征，但一般比两者都大〔well〕Used as an adjective applied to people,well usually refers to a state of health, whereasgood has a much wider range of senses. It has always been a first principle of grammatical criticism that there should be no difference without a distinction,and perhaps for this reason, some critics have insisted that the expressionfeel good cannot be used in reference to health. It is true that there is a distinction betweenfeel well and feel good, but both can be applied to a state of health.Thus a patient suffering from a chronic disease might appropriately say to a doctorI feel good today, which implies a relative lack of physical discomfort.By contrast,I feel well today would be appropriate if the patient believes that the ailment has disappeared. See Usage Note at good 用作形容词来形容人时，well 通常指健康状况， 但是good 的意思更加广泛。 在语法评论中，没有区别就没有差别一直是第一性原则，也许正是因为如此，一些批评家坚持认为feel good 这一表达方式不能用来指健康。 诚然，feel well 与 feel good 有区别， 但是两者都可用来指健康。所以一位患有慢性病的病人完全可以对医生说I feel good today（我今天感觉不错） ， 这句话暗示着病痛相对减轻了。相反，I feel well today（我今天感到全好了） 也可以，如果病人确信病症已消失了 参见 good〔awkward〕 Awkward and clumsy, the least specific,are often interchangeable.Both emphasize lack of physical dexterity (an awkward dancer; clumsy fingers); both can also suggest embarrassment or lack of ease (several awkward moments in the discussion; offered a clumsy apology). Awkward 和 clumsy 无大的差别，经常是可互换的。两者都是强调缺少身体的灵活性（ 不灵活的跳舞者；笨人）； 两者也都暗示窘迫或不自在（讨论中一些令人窘迫的时刻；表示不安的歉意）。〔papaya〕[both of Cariban origin] [两者都源于加勒比] 〔telescope〕An arrangement of lenses or mirrors or both that gathers visible light, permitting direct observation or photographic recording of distant objects.望远镜：采集可见光、能对远距离物体直接观察或照相记录的透镜、镜片或两者都有的装置 |
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