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单词 中最好
释义 〔between〕She is among the best of our young sculptors.她是我们年轻的雕塑家中最好的之一。〔chief〕She is one of the leading physicians of the city.她是城中最好的医生之一。〔that〕The standard rule isthatthat should be used only to introduce a restrictive (or "defining") relative clause, which serves to identify the entity being talked about;in this useit should never be preceded by a comma.Thus, we sayThe house that Jack built has been torn down, where the clausethat Jack built tells which house was torn down, orI am looking for a book that is easy to read, wherethat is easy to read tells what kind of book is desired. Onlywhich is to be used with nonrestrictive (or "nondefining") clauses, which give additional information about an entity that has already been identified in the context;in this use,which is always preceded by a comma. Thus, we sayThe students in Chemistry 10 have been complaining about the textbook, which (not that ) is hard to follow. The clausewhich is hard to follow does not indicate which text is being complained about; even if it were omitted,we would know that the phrasethe textbook refers to the text in Chemistry 10. The use ofthat in nonrestrictive clauses like this, though once common in writing and still frequent in speech,is best avoided in formal style. ·Some grammarians have argued that symmetry requires thatwhich should be used only in nonrestrictive clauses, asthat is to be used only in restrictive clauses. Thus, they suggest that we should avoid sentences such asI need a book which will tell me all about city gardening, where the clausewhich will tell me all about city gardening indicates which sort of book is needed. Such use ofwhich is useful where two or more relative clauses are joined by and or or, as inIt is a philosophy in which the common man may find solace and which many have found reason to praise. Which is also preferred to introduce a restrictive relative clausewhen the preceding phrase itself contains athat, as inI can only give you that which I don't need (not that that I don't need ) or We want to assign only that book which will be most helpful (preferred tothat book that will be most helpful ). · That may be omitted in a relative clause when the subject of the clause is different from the referent of the phrase preceding the clause. Thus, we may say eitherthe book that I was reading or the book I was reading, where the subject of the clause (I ) is not the referent of the phrase the book. Omission ofthat in these cases has sometimes been described as incorrect, but the practice is extremely common and has ample precedent in reputable writing. ·There have also been occasional objections to the omission ofthat in its use to introduce a subordinate clause, as inI think we should try again. But this usage is entirely idiomatic and is in fact favored with some of the verb phrases that can introduce such clauses:thus, one would more normally write 标准规则中,that 应只被用于引导限定性(或“确定的”)关系从句, 这些从句用于明确正被谈论的实体;在这种情况下,前面决不能有逗号。因此,我们说杰克建的房子已经拆毁了 , 在这里,从句杰克所建的 指明哪幢房子被拆毁了, 或者我正在找一本易读的书 , 在这里,易读的 指明哪类书是需要的。 只有which 用于非限定性(或“不确定的”)从句中, 为已经在上下文中定义的实体提供附加信息;在此用法中,which 之前总有逗号。 因此,我们说化学10班的学生一直在抱怨这课本,实在 (不是 that ) 是太难懂了 。 从句which is hard to follow 并不指明哪一课本被抱怨; 即使它被省略,我们也知道the textbook 指化学10班的课本。 That 象这样用于非限定性从句中, 虽然在写作中曾很普遍而且在口语中依然频繁出现,但在正式文体中最好避免使用。一些语法学家认为对称性要求which 应只用于非限定性从句中, 就象that 只用于限定性从句中。 因此,他们建议我们应该避免诸如我需要一本关于城市园艺的书 这样的句子, 这里从句which will tell me all about city gardening 指明需要何种书。 当两个或多个关系从句被and 或 or 连接时, which 的这种用法很有用, 如是哲学使普通人找到慰藉并使许多人有理由去称颂。 Which 也用作引导限定性关系从句,在当前置短语中含有that 时, 如我只能给你我不需要的东西 (不是 that that I don't need )或 我们只想分发那本最用的书 (好于that book that will be most helpful )。 当从句主语与从句前短语所指不一致时,that 在关系从句中可以省略。 因此,我们可以说the book that I was reading 或者 the book I was reading 。 在这里,从句主语(I )和短语 the book 的主语不同。 在这些情况下,that 的省略有时被认为是错误的, 但是这在实际中极普遍而且在规范写作中有充分的先例。对于that 用于引导从句时被省略偶然持有异议, 如在我认为我们应该再试一次 中。 但这种用法完全符合语法而且实际上有一些引导这样从句的短语支持;因此,可以正常应用 〔quote〕As a transitive verbquote is appropriately used to describe the use of an exact wording drawn from another source. When the original source is paraphrased or alluded to,the more general termcite is usually preferable. · The nounquote is well established as a truncation of quotation, though many critics regard it as unduly journalistic or breezy.As such, it is best avoided in formal literary discussions.The use of the noun was acceptable to only 38 percent of the Usage Panel in the sentenceHe began the chapter with a quote from the Bible. But the usage is less objectionable in informal contexts or in reference to less august sources;the word was acceptable to 53 percent of the Panel in the sentenceHe lightened up his talk by throwing in quotes from Marx Brothers movies. · The nounquote is sometimes used as a synonym for "dictum, saying,” as inHis career is just one more validation of Andy Warhol's quote that "in the future, everybody will be famous for fifteen minutes.” This example was unacceptable to 76 percent of the Usage Panel.作为一个及物动词,用quote 一词来指从另一出处中抄取完全一样的用语是很恰当的。 当原文出处被意译或是间接提及时,一个意义更广泛的词cite 更可取。 quote 这名词形式是由 quatation 削减而来,也已被普遍接受, 虽然许多批评家认为这个词染有不恰当的记者文风或不太正式。因此,在正式的文学讨论中最好避免使用。在用法专题使用小组的调查中,只有38%的人认为这个名词在这章的开始他引用了《圣经》中的一段 文字 这个句子中的用法是可行的。 但在不正式的语境下或提及的出处不很严肃时,对于这种用法的反对意见要少一些。在他插入了一段引自马克斯兄弟电影中的 话 来活跃谈话气氛 这个句子中, 53%的小组成员认为这个词可以接受。 Quote 这个名词有时也可用作“格言、名言”的同义词, 如在他的一生再一次证实了安迪·霍尔的 格言 “将来,每个人都将享有十五分钟的知名度” 这个句子中, 用法专题使用小组中76%的成员认为这个例句无法接受〔might〕In many Southern varieties of English,might is used in the "double modal" construction with could, as inWe might could park over there. Less frequently,one hearsmay can and might should. These constructions are not familiar to the majority of American speakersand are best avoided in formal writing.在许多南方英语的变异中,might 可以与 could 一起用于“双情态动词”结构中, 如我们可以把车停在那边。 还有些时候,有人会使用may can 和 might could。 对于大部分美国人来说,这种用法并不常见,在正式的书面英语中最好避免使用〔likely〕But the unmodified use oflikely is common enough in educated writing, and though it might be better avoided in highly formal style,it should not be regarded as incorrect: 但在受过教育的人的写作中,likely 前不加任何修饰的用法很普遍, 虽然在非常正式的文体中最好避免这种用法,但不应该将它看作是不正确的用法: 〔Palgrave〕British poet and anthologist known for hisGolden Treasury of the Best Songs and Lyrical Poems in the English Language (1861). 帕尔格雷夫,弗朗西斯·特纳:(1824-1897) 英国诗人和人类学家,以他的《在英语语言中最好的歌曲和抒情诗篇的宝库》 (1861年)而闻名 〔elite〕The best or most skilled members of a group:主力:在一群中最好或最有技巧的成员:〔pride〕A cause or source of pleasure or satisfaction; the best of a group or class:精华:引起高兴或满意的起因或缘由;一群或一个等级当中最好的:
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更新时间:2025/2/19 17:03:50