| 单词 | 主要意思 |
| 释义 | 〔dilemma〕In its primary sensedilemma denotes a situation in which a choice must be made between alternative courses of action or argument. Although citational evidence attests to widespread use of the term meaning simply "problem" or "predicament" and involving no issue of choice,74 percent of the Usage Panel rejected the sentence dilemma 的主要意思是表示处于进退维谷的境地。 尽管引用的论据证明含意仅为“问题”或“困境”的词语达到了普遍运用并涉及没有选择的问题，但有74％的用法专题使用小组成员否定了句子 〔deep〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "extending far downward or inward from a surface": 这些形容词的主要意思都是“从表面向下或向里延伸很远”： 〔harlot〕Harlot is first recorded in English in a work written around the beginning of the 13th century, meaning "a man of no fixed occupation, vagabond, beggar,” also the first main sense of the word herlot, which we borrowed from Old French. The recorded history of a word is sometimes all we need to scotch conjectures as to its ultimate origins. William Lambarde, in a 1570-1576 work, suggested that the word harlot came from the name of Arletta, or "Harlothe,” William the Conqueror's mother. As we have seen, Lambarde was unnecessarily besmirching her, for the history of harlot makes clear that "prostitute" was not its first sense. In fact, the word came to mean "male lecher" before it meant "prostitute,” but by the time Lambarde wrote, "prostitute" must have been thought to have been the main sense of the word, hence his etymology. Harlot 在英语中首次出现于某部创作于约13世纪初的作品中，意指“没有固定职业的人，流浪者，乞丐，”这也是 herlot 一词由古法语转借而来的第一个主要意思。单词的历史记载通常可供我们推测该词的最初渊源，威廉·兰巴德在他于1570年到1576年间创作的作品中指出： harlot 一词来自于英王威廉一世的母亲阿莉塔或“哈洛特”的名字，我们知道，兰巴德并无需玷污英王母亲的名誉，因为 harlot 一词的历史很明白地表明“妓女”之意并非该词的第一个意思，实际上，该词在意为“妓女”之前所具备的意思是“好色的男人”，但在兰巴德创作之时，“妓女”一定已经被认为是该词的主要意思，这便是它的词源 〔amenity〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "something that increases physical ease or facilitates work": 这些名词共有的主要意思是“使人身体舒适或工作便利的事物”： 〔zest〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "keen, hearty pleasure or appreciation": 这些名词共有的主要意思是“强烈的、浓厚的兴趣或爱好”： 〔ambush〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to attack suddenly and without warning from a place of concealment": 这几个动词共有的主要意思是“不加警告便从隐蔽处突然袭击”： 〔fawn〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to curry favor by behaving obsequiously and submissively": 这些动词共有的主要意思是“用谄媚、恭顺的方法拍马屁”： 〔airy〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "so light and insubstantial as to resemble air or a thin film": 这些形容词共有的主要意思是“轻而薄，象空气一样轻，象膜一样薄”： 〔muscular〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "strong and powerfully built": 这些形容词的主要意思是“强壮有力的体格” 〔justify〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to be a proper or sufficient reason for": 这些动词共同的主要意思是“成为…的适当的或充分的理由”： 〔care〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "the function of watching, guarding, or overseeing": 这些名词共有的主要意思是“留意、看管或监督的职能”： 〔worry〕"Don't worry" is a much milder injunction than it once would have been,for the wordworry has softened its sense greatly over the course of its history. Its Old English ancestor,wyrgan, meant "to strangle.” Its Middle English descendant,worien, kept this sense and developed the new sense "to grasp by the throat with the teeth and lacerate" or "to kill or injure by biting and shaking.” This is the way wolves or dogs might attack sheep, for example.In the 16th centuryworry began to be used in the sense "to harass, as by rough treatment or attack,” or "to assault verbally,” and in the 17th century the word took on the sense "to bother, distress, or persecute.”It was a small step from this sense to the main modern senses "to cause to feel anxious or distressed" and "to feel troubled or uneasy,” first recorded in the 19th century.与过去相比，“别担心”这句话的命令意味减少了许多，因为随着历史的变迁worry 这个词的“攻击性”意味大大削弱了。 其古英语中的前身wyrgan, 意为“扼杀”。 在中世纪英语中的worien 保留了这个意思并衍生出一个新意思“用牙齿咬住喉咙并且撕裂”或“咬住并来回甩动以杀死或伤害”。 例如，这是狼或狗袭击羊的方式。16世纪，worry 开始含有“以粗暴手段或袭击方式来骚扰”，“口头攻击”的意思， 到了17世纪这个词产生了“干扰、使焦虑和烦扰”的意思。19世纪，这个词义向前发展了一点，产生了适用于当代的主要意思“使感到焦虑或痛苦”和“感到烦恼或不安” |
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