| 单词 | 习俗 |
| 释义 | 〔uncool〕"trying to teach children simply to reject drugs as uncool"(Larry Martz)“教孩子们简单地把毒品斥为不合道德习俗或标准的”(拉里·马茨)〔Puritanism〕The practices and doctrines of the Puritans.清教徒的习俗和教义〔conformist〕A person who uncritically or habitually conforms to the customs, rules, or styles of a group.墨守陈规者：毫无抗议的或习惯性的遵循习俗、规则或某组织规范的人〔Sumner〕American sociologist who developed the concepts of folkways and mores and is noted for his social Darwinist theories.萨姆纳，威廉·格雷姆：(1840-1910) 美国社会学家，扩大发展了社会习惯和习俗的概念，以其社会达尔文主义理论著名〔Uniat〕Of or relating to any of several Eastern Christian churches that are in communion with the Roman Catholic Church but retain their own languages, rites, and codes of canon law.东仪天主教会的：属于或有关一种东方基督教教派的，他与罗马天主教徒的教派交流，但保持他们自己的语言、礼拜式和教会法规的礼教习俗〔monogamy〕The practice of marrying only once in a lifetime.一次结婚制：一生中只结一次婚的习俗〔ethnobotany〕The plant lore and agricultural customs of a people.民族植物学：一个民族的植物知识和农业习俗〔idiom〕"Also important is the uneasiness I've always felt at cutting myself off from my idiom, the American habits of speech and jest and reaction, all of them entirely different from the local variety"(S.J. Perelman)“还有一点很重要，那就是我总感到把自己与我们的习俗隔绝开来很不舒服，美国人说话、开玩笑和行动的方式与当地的风俗格格不入。”(S.J.佩雷尔曼)〔strange〕Eccentric refers particularly to what departs strikingly from the recognized or conventional: Eccentric 尤指与认可的或习俗的有巨大差别的事物： 〔orientation〕An adjustment or adaptation to a new environment, situation, custom, or set of ideas.适应：对新的环境、状况、习俗或一系列思想的适应或者接受〔formality〕An established form, rule, or custom, especially one followed merely for the sake of procedure or decorum.礼节，俗套：被确认的形式、规则或习俗，尤指仅仅是因为程序或礼仪需要而遵循的〔lifeway〕A custom, practice, or art:习惯，习俗，技艺：〔sect〕A group of people forming a distinct unit within a larger group by virtue of certain refinements or distinctions of belief or practice.宗派：由于一定的限制或信仰、习俗的不同，在较大群体内形成的显著不同的一群人〔sectionalism〕Excessive devotion to local interests and customs.地方主义：过度沉溺于地方的利益和习俗〔Wright〕Scottish-born American reformer who lectured nationwide on women's rights, birth control, and public education and wroteViews of Society and Manners in America (1823). 莱特，弗朗西丝：(1795-1852) 生于苏格兰的美籍社会改革家，她在全国范围内宣传女权、节育和公共教育，著有《美国的社会观点和习俗》 （1823年） 〔mores〕Latin mōrēs [pl. of] mōs [custom] * see mē- 1拉丁语 mōrēs mōs的复数 [习俗] * 参见 mē- 1〔institution〕A custom, practice, relationship, or behavioral pattern of importance in the life of a community or society:制度，习俗：一个社会或社区生活中的习惯，实践，关系或主要的行为方式：〔practice〕That company engages in questionable business practices. Facial tattooing is a standard practice among certain peoples.这个公司所从事的业务有些问题。纹脸是某些民族的基本习俗〔uncool〕Not in accord with the standards or mores of a specified group:违反特定集团的标准或习俗的：〔wont〕Customary practice; usage.See Synonyms at habit 风俗习惯；习俗 参见 habit〔juggernaut〕Something, such as a belief or an institution, that elicits blind and destructive devotion or to which people are ruthlessly sacrificed.使人盲目牺牲（或崇拜）的事物：使人们产生盲目而具毁灭性的热情或者无情地使人们为之牺牲的东西，如某种信仰或习俗制度〔stem〕customs stemming from the past;来自过去的习俗；〔sanction〕Support or encouragement, as from public opinion or established custom.鼓励，支持：公众舆论或习俗给予的支持或鼓励〔couvade〕A practice in certain non-Western cultures in which the husband of a woman in labor takes to his bed as though he were bearing the child.拟娩，假分娩：一些非西方文化中的习俗，丈夫在其妻子分娩时卧床，好象他也在分娩〔mores〕The accepted traditional customs and usages of a particular social group.习俗，惯例：为特定社会集团或群体所接受的传统风俗和习惯〔return〕 Revert refers to returning to an earlier, often less desirable condition, practice, subject, or belief: Revert 指回到一个较早的、通常不太理想的状态、习俗、主题或信仰： 〔propriety〕Conformity to prevailing customs and usages.See Synonyms at etiquette 得体：与流行的习俗和习惯相一致 参见 etiquette〔monandry〕The state or practice of having one husband at a time.一夫制：一次只能嫁一个丈夫的状态或习俗〔chivalry〕The medieval system, principles, and customs of knighthood.骑士制度：中世纪的骑士制度，道德准则及其习俗〔praxis〕Habitual or established practice; custom.惯例：习惯性的或既定的做法；习俗〔shanghai〕After Shanghai 1[from the former custom of kidnapping sailors to man ships going to China] 源自 Shanghai1[源于从前拐带水手去中国的人力船上的习俗] 〔Nicholas〕Bishop of Myra in Asia Minor who is often associated with Santa Claus and the custom of gift-giving at Christmas.尼古拉斯：小亚细亚半岛上米拉的主教，他通常与圣诞老人和圣诞节赠送礼物的习俗联系在一起〔cement〕"Custom was in early days the cement of society"(Walter Bagehot)“习俗是早期社会维系的纽带”(沃尔特·巴杰特)〔Sunna〕Arabic sunnah [custom, rule, Sunna] 阿拉伯语 sunnah [习俗，规矩，逊奈] 〔Karlfeldt〕Swedish poet whose works, written in an archaic style, are based on Swedish custom and folklore. He refused the Nobel Prize for literature in 1918 but won it posthumously in 1931.卡尔费尔特，埃里克·阿克塞尔：(1864-1931) 瑞典诗人，其诗作用古体写成，以瑞典的习俗和民间传说为基础。他拒绝接受1918年的诺贝尔文学奖，死后却荣获1931年度诺贝尔文学奖〔bylaw〕A casual glance at the wordbylaw might make one think that the element by- means "secondary, subsidiary,” especially sincebylaw can mean "a secondary law.” It is possible thatby-, as in byway, has influencedbylaw in the sense "secondary law"; however,bylaw existed long before the sense in question. The word is first recorded in 1283 with the meaning "a body of customs or regulations, as of a village, manor, religious organization, or sect.”By- in this word comes from Old Norse, as may the wordbylaw, and is related to if not identical with the element -by in the names of many places, such as Whitby, where Scandinavians settled when they invaded England during the early Middle Ages.We get the sense of this-by if we compare the related word entered as bær, b÷r, bȳr, in the standard dictionary of Old Icelandic, meaning "a town or village" in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and "a farm or landed estate" in Iceland. We thus see whybylaw would mean "a body of customs of a village or manor" and why we use the word to mean "a law or rule governing the internal affairs of an organization.”随意瞟一眼单词bylaw 可能会使人想起前缀 by- ，意为“第二位的，次要的”， 因为bylaw 意为“附属的法规”。 可能因为前缀by- 位于 byway 中， 它影响了bylaw “附属法规”这一意义； 然而bylaw 一词在上述意义产生之前早已存在。 该词最初是在1283年以“一种习俗或规章体系，如村庄、县邑、宗教组织或派系之中”这种含义记载的。前缀By- 来自古斯堪的纳维亚语中， 正如bylaw 一词在许多地名之中与后缀 -by 若不是完全一致，就是彼此相关， 如惠特比，这是斯堪的纳维亚人在中世纪早期侵入英格兰之后的定居地。如果我们将古冰岛标准字典中的相关词bær, b÷r, bȳr （在挪威、瑞典和丹麦这些国家中意为“城镇或村庄”而在冰岛意为“农场或庄园”）加以比较，就会得出后缀 -by 的含义。 我们因而可以明白为什么bylaw 一词意为“村庄或县邑的习俗体系” 以及我们为什么使用其“一种法规或规则，用于管理一个组织的内部事务”这一意义〔convention〕General agreement on or acceptance of certain practices or attitudes:惯例，习俗：对某种惯常做法或态度的一致同意或接受认可：〔romanticism〕Often Romanticism An artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a heightened interest in nature, emphasis on the individual's expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism, and rebellion against established social rules and conventions. 常作 Romanticism 浪漫主义运动：起源于18世纪末期欧洲的一种对大自然有强烈的兴趣且注重个人情感和想象力的表达的艺术和知识上的运动，它与古典主义的观点和形式相悖并反对公认的社会制度和习俗〔unwritten〕Having authority based on custom, tradition, or usage rather than documentation:不成文而有效力的：基于习俗，传统，或习惯的做法而非文献的规定具有效力的：〔straight〕Not deviating from what is considered socially normal, usual, or acceptable; conventional.正统的：不背离社会所认可的正常，普通或可接受的标准的；遵循习俗的 |
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