| 单词 | 习语 |
| 释义 | 〔impure〕Not consistent in grammar, vocabulary, idiom, or usage:不合文法的：语法、词汇、习语或用法不规范的：〔circumstance〕Use of the idiomunder the circumstances is justified by both logic and reputable precedent,and objections to it must be accounted at best overfussy if not also,as H.W. Fowler put it, "puerile.”习语under the circumstances 的使用， 由逻辑和规范的先例两者来证明为正确，否则对于此点的反对至少会被看作过于咬文嚼字，正如福勒所评价的“幼稚”〔act〕The wordsact and action both mean "a deed" and "the process of doing.” However, other senses ofact, such as "a decision made by a legislative body" and of action, such as "habitual or vigorous activity" show that act tends to refer to a deed while action tends to refer to the process of doing. The demands of meaning or idiom will often require one word or the other:class act and class action, for example, are not interchangeable. In cases where either can be used, either is acceptable: myact (or action ) was premature. act 及 action 两者都表示“行为”和“行动的过程”。 然而，act 的其他释义，如“立法机关所做的决定”及 action 的其他释义， 如“惯常的或充满活力的活动”表明act 偏重于指行动而 action 偏重于指行动的过程。 由于意义和习语的需求，通常只能用其中的一个单词，如：class act（出类拔萃的人） 和 class action（共同起诉） 不能互换。 在二者皆可的情况下，二者可通用：我的行为 （或 行动 ）太草率 〔archaism〕An archaic word, phrase, idiom, or other expression.古词，古语：古词、古短语、古习语或其它表达（形式）〔usage〕A particular expression in speech or writing:习语，成语：言辞或书写中的特定表达：〔parent〕The Usage Panel is better disposed to accept the verbparent than in previous surveys, though a majority continues to find it unacceptable.In 1968 it was acceptable to only 19 percent of the Panel;in the most recent survey45 percent accepted it in the sentenceIn looking for foster homes, we give preference first to relatives and second to families with prior experience in parenting. · The use of the verbparent to mean "act as a parent to" is not entirely new:it occurs as early as 1884 in a metaphorical context.But its use in a literal sense with respect to children is a recent development and reflects a modern reconceptualization of family life.The word is not completely synonymous with the traditional expressionraise a child, though the precise nature of the differences may depend on the context.For some speakers,use of the word suggests a self-conscious shift from child to parent as the focus of the parental relationship,and it may be this implication that feeds critical reservations about the verb.But the usage also reflects a widespread practical realizationthat the activities required of a parent extend well beyond the direct interactionwith the child emphasized inchild raising. Thus theparenting classes for young parents offered by schools and state agencies encompass not only the activities traditionally associated with raising a childbut also topics such as personal self-sufficiency, household financial management, and methods of dealing with schools and health care agencies.See Usage Note at father 用法小组比以往更倾向于接受动词parent 了， 虽然还有大部分人觉得不可接受。1968年仅有19％的小组成员认同这种用法；在最近的调查中，有45％的人接受了它,如在：在寻找收养家庭时，我们首先选孩子的亲戚，其次是有过养育孩子经历的家庭 这样的句子中的用法。 Parent 的意为“做…的父（母）”动词用法， 并不完全是个新用法：早在1884年，在一个比喻性的文章中就出现过了。但就孩子这方面而言，它的本义是近期发展的结果并反映了现代家庭生活的观念。这个词并不与习语 raise a child 完全同义， 尽管不同之处确切的性质可能取决于说话背景。但对一些人来说，使用这个词暗含一个把家长的关系作为重点的自觉的从孩子到父母的转换，也许正是这个隐含的用意引起了关于这个动词批评性的保留。然而，这个用法也反映了广泛的现实认识，即要求父母的活动扩展到超出直接与孩子的相互作用，这个相互作用在 child raising 这个短语中有所强调。 因此，由学校和国家专门部门向年轻家长提供的 parenting 课， 不仅包括传统上与抚养孩子有关的事务，而且还包括诸如个人自给自足、家庭财政管理和同学校和保健部门打交道的方法等课题 参见 father〔cannot〕rather, it means "Brian appears to be unable to get angry.”But the idiom serves a useful purpose,since the syntax of English does not allow a logical equivalentlikeBrian seems to cannot . . . ; and thecannot seem to construction is so widely used that it would be pedantic to object to it. See Usage Note at but ,care ,help 而是表示“布赖恩看上去无法动怒”。但这个习语是有意义的，因为英语的句法不能容许其逻辑上的对应物，如Brian seems to cannot… ； 而且cannot seem to 这一结构是如此广泛地被使用以至于若反对它就太学究气了 参见 but,care,help〔cannot〕The idiomatic phrasecannot but has sometimes been criticized as a double negative, perhaps because it has been confused withcan but. Thebut of cannot but, however, means "except,” as it does in phrases such asno one but, while thebut of can but has the sense only, as it does in the sentenceWe had but a single bullet left. Bothcannot but and can but are established as standard expressions. · The constructioncannot help is used with a present participle to roughly the same effect as cannot but in a sentence such as We cannot help admiring his courage. But this construction is generally restricted to contextsin which a person is unable to affect an outcome that would normally be under his or her control.It would be more precise to sayWith all the public interest in the affair, the book cannot but attract the attention of reviewers (or . . . can but gain . . . )than to say the book cannot help attracting the attention of reviewers, which suggests that the book might have had a say in the matter. · The constructioncannot help but probably arose as a blend of cannot help and cannot but; it has the meaning of the first and the syntax of the second: 习语cannot but 有时候被判定为一种双重否定， 这也许是因为它已混淆于can but 。 然而cannot but 中的 but 表示“除了”， 就如用在象no one but 这样的短语中一样， 而can but 中的 but 意思却是 only（只有） ， 就如用在我们只剩下了一颗子弹 中那样。 cannot but 和 can but 都已被确定为标准的表达法。 cannot help 结构与现在分词同用的作用和 我们禁不住钦佩他的勇气 一句中的 cannot but 大致相同。 但这一结构通常只限于这种情况，即一个人在该情况下不能实现正常情况下处于他或她控制之下的结果。由于公众对该事件的浓厚兴趣，这本书理所当然地引起了评论家的注意 （或 …can but gain… ）的说法比暗示这本书在此事中想必有决定权的 这本书情不自禁地吸引了评论家的注意 说法要更为精确。 cannot help but 也许是来自 cannot help 和 cannet but 的混合； 它具有前者的意思和后者的句法结构： 〔vernacular〕An idiomatic word, phrase, or expression.习语，成语：惯用的词语、短语或表达方式〔Atticism〕A characteristic feature of Attic Greek.雅典式的习语，文体，风格等：古希腊雅典个性风格〔Gallicism〕A French phrase or idiom appearing in another language.法国成语：出现在另一种语言中的一个法语词组或习语〔Minnan〕The dialect of Chinese spoken on most of Taiwan province, in southern Fujian province, and in parts of Guangzhou and Hainan. Minnan is the vernacular of most traditional Chinese communities outside China.闽南语：汉语的一种方言，主要使用区域为台湾省大部、福建省南部和广东省、海南省的一部分。闽南话是中国以外的大部分华人社区的方言习语〔fossil〕An archaic syntactic rule or pattern used only in idioms, asso be it. 古语法：一种只用于习语中的古体句法规则和句型，如so be it 〔Semitism〕A Semitic word or idiom.闪语的词：闪语的词或习语〔conceit〕An ingenious or witty turn of phrase or thought.别出心裁：对习语或思想作有创意或巧妙的转用〔Teutonism〕A German practice or idiom; a Germanism.日耳曼主义：日耳曼习惯或习语；日耳曼主义〔idiom〕A speech form or an expression of a given language that is peculiar to itself grammatically or cannot be understood from the individual meanings of its elements, as inkeep tabs on. 成语，习语：因语法结构特殊或无法拆开而只能依据其组成成份来解释的语言形式或某种固定的语言表达方法，例如聚精会神 〔Briticism〕A word, a phrase, or an idiom characteristic of or peculiar to English as it is spoken in Great Britain.英国英语语法：英国人特用的词、短语、或习语，如大不列颠人所讲的〔vernacular〕The idiom of a particular trade or profession:行话；术语：某一具体的行业或职业的习语： |
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