| 单词 | 仇恨 |
| 释义 | 〔umpire〕The anguished, hostile cry "Kill the ump" could have been "kill the nump" had it not been for the linguistic process known as false splitting or juncture loss.In the case ofumpire we can almost see the process in action if we study the Middle English Dictionary entry for noumpere, the Middle English ancestor of our word. Noumpere comes from the Old French nonper, made up ofnon, "not,” and per, "equal,” as is someone who is requested to act as arbiter of a dispute between two people; that is, the arbiter is not paired with one of them.In Middle English the earliest recorded form isnoumper (about 1350). The earliest dated form without ann in the entry is owmpere ( a Middle English variant spelling),in a text composed in 1440.How then was lost can be seen if we compare the sequence a noounpier in a text written in 1426-1427 with the sequence an Oumper from a text written probably around 1475. Then of noumpere became attached to the indefinite article, giving usan instead of a and, eventually,umpire instead of .numpire. 要不是因为被称为假分裂或失去连音的语言学过程，"Kill the ump"（杀掉裁判）这样痛苦，仇恨的呐喊可能会成为"kill the nmup"。在umpire 这一例子中，如果我们研究一下 中古英语词典 中 noumpere 这一词条，即该词在中古英语中的原型，便会了解这一语言学现象的过程。 Noumpere 来自于古法语 nonper， 由non, “不”，和 per, “平等的”组成，表示一个应要求就两人之间的争议做出仲裁的人； 也就是说，不与任何一人合作的公断人。中古英语的最先记录形式是noumper （约1350年）。 词条中没有n 的最早形式是 owmpere ( 中古英语的变体拼写），出现于1440年所做的一篇文章。通过比较两个顺序可以看出n 是我们被省略的：一个是 a noounpier ，出现于写于1426年至1427年间的一篇文章；另一个是 an Oumper 摘自可能写于1475年的文章。 noumpere 中的 n 变得和不定冠词连在一起， 成为an 而非 n ， 最后就出现了umpire 而不是 ·numpire 〔dead〕All past animosities are dead and buried now.过去的所有仇恨现在都不考虑而且一笔勾销了〔animosity〕Bitter hostility or open enmity; active hatred.See Synonyms at enmity 憎恶，敌意，仇恨：强烈的敌意或公开的敌对；强烈的憎恨 参见 enmity〔wordless〕wordless animosity; wordless joy.无法言表的仇恨；无法表达的快乐〔hate〕Intense animosity or dislike; hatred.强烈的仇恨或厌恶；恨〔poisonous〕"poisonous hate . . . in his eyes"(Ernest Hemingway)“恶毒的仇恨…在他的眼中”(欧内斯特·海明威)〔blaze〕eyes that blazed hatred.眼睛里射出仇恨的光〔vendetta〕A bitter, destructive feud.宿怨：强烈的、毁灭性的仇恨〔malignity〕Intense ill will or hatred; great malice.极度的恶意：极端的恶意或仇恨；极其恶毒〔enmity〕Deep-seated, often mutual hatred.敌意，仇恨：根深蒂固的，常为相互的仇恨〔invidious〕Tending to rouse ill will, animosity, or resentment:招致不满的：倾向于导致恶意、仇恨或怨恨的：〔delay〕"the increasing hatred, which retarded the execution of his great designs" (Edward Gibbon).“逐渐增长的仇恨，推迟了他的伟大计划的执行” （爱德华·吉本）。〔behind〕hatred hidden behind a bland smile.和蔼的微笑后隐藏着仇恨〔sullen〕Showing a brooding ill humor or silent resentment; morose or sulky.阴郁的，愠怒的，生气的：阴郁地或仇恨地保持沉默或显示出愠怒或生气；生气的，愠怒的〔have〕"Almost overnight, there was a new and widespread hostility on the part of the haves toward the have-nots"(Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr.)“几乎是一夜之间，富人们就对穷人们滋生出一种新的和的仇恨”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔)〔smolder〕To show signs of repressed anger or hatred.流露：显示被压抑的愤怒或仇恨〔grudge〕To resent for having; begrudge:妒忌：因有…而仇恨；忌恨：〔bad〕"this wicked man Hitler, the repository and embodiment of many forms of soul-destroying hatred, this monstrous product of former wrongs and shame" (Winston S. Churchill). “这个邪恶的人-希特勒，是很多切齿仇恨的堆积和化身，是从前错误和耻辱的魔鬼产物” （温斯顿S·丘吉尔）〔heinous〕from hair [to hate] 源自 hair [怨恨，仇恨] 〔hate〕To feel hostility or animosity toward.仇恨，憎恨：对…感到敌意或憎恨〔grudge〕A deep-seated feeling of resentment or rancor:忌恨，怨恨：深深的仇恨或怨恨：〔enmity〕Hostility implies the clear expression of enmity, as in the form of belligerent attitudes or violent acts: Hostility 指仇恨的清楚表述，如以好战态度或暴力行为的形式表露出来的敌视： 〔prejudice〕Irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group, race, or religion.歧视：对特定群体、种族或宗教的非理性的怀疑或仇恨〔hate〕An object of detestation or hatred:仇恨或讨厌的对象：〔foster〕from Old English *fōstrian [to nourish] 源自 古英语 *fōstrian [养育，怀有（希望，仇恨等）] 〔heinous〕from haine [hatred] 源自 haine [仇恨] |
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