| 单词 | 他或她 |
| 释义 | 〔ambassador〕A diplomatic official heading his or her country's permanent mission to certain international organizations, such as the United Nations.使节团，代表团：带领他或她自己国家的长期驻外使团到某一国际组织（如联合国）的外交官员〔grant〕 Grant usually implies that the giver is in a higher position, as one of authority, than the receiver and that he or she acts out of justice, mercy, or generosity: Grant 通常暗含着施与者比接受者处于更高的位置，作为一种权威，他或她表现出公正，仁慈或慷慨： 〔palimony〕An allowance for support made under court order and given usually by one person to his or her former lover or live-in companion after they have separated.供养费：按法院命令支付的一笔赡养费，在他们分开后由一个人支付给他或她的以前的爱人或生活伴侣〔ruin〕"The Boers had just wrecked a British military train" (Arnold Bennett).Whenwreck is used in its extended sense, as in referring to the ruination of a person or his or her hopes or reputation, it implies irreparable shattering: “布尔人刚刚毁了一辆英国军用火车” （阿诺德·贝奈特）。Wreck 用于其延伸意义时（如指毁坏一个人或他或她的希望或名声）， 暗指无可挽回的毁灭： 〔soliloquy〕A dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character reveals his or her thoughts when alone or unaware of the presence of other characters.独白：一种戏剧或文学的说话形式，其中某角色在独自一人或不知道其他角色存在的情况下展示他或她的思想〔accent〕One determined by the phonetic habits of the speaker's native language carried over to his or her use of another language.母语口音：受母语的语音习惯而影响他或她使用另一种语言时的发音〔leapfrog〕A game in which one player kneels or bends over while the next in line leaps over him or her.跳背游戏：一种游戏，一个游戏者跪下或弯腰，队列中紧挨着的人从他或她身上跃过〔XYZ〕Used to indicate to someone that the zipper of his or her pants is open.裤子拉链没拉上：用来表示他或她的裤子拉链没拉上〔assistant〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "a person who holds a position auxiliary to another and assumes some of his or her responsibilities": 这些名词的中心意思是“一个人对另一个而言处于从属地位并承担他或她的责任”： 〔alibi〕A form of defense whereby a defendant attempts to prove that he or she was elsewhere when the crime in question was committed.不在犯罪现场：一种辩护形式，被告人以此试图证明他或她在所审议的犯罪发生之时在其它地方〔volunteer〕A person who performs or offers to perform a service of his or her own free will:志愿者：按他或她自己的自由意愿进行或要求进行服务的人：〔infant〕A child in the earliest period of life, especially before he or she can walk.婴儿，幼儿：处于生命早期阶段的小孩，尤指他或她还不会走路之时〔personal〕Concerning a particular person and his or her private business, interests, or activities; intimate:个人的，秘密的：涉及特定人及他或她的私事、兴趣或活动的；秘密的：〔principal〕A person who empowers another to act as his or her representative.委托人：授权另一人代表他或她行事的人〔artifice〕Wile suggests deceiving and entrapping a victim by playing on his or her weak points: Wile 指利用他或她的弱点来达到欺骗和诱使受骗者上当： 〔attorney〕A person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings.See Synonyms at lawyer 代理人：由另一人合法指派来充当他或她商业事务的代理人，尤指司法诉讼中合格的有执照来为起诉人和被告辩护的人 参见 lawyer〔host〕Host was used as a verb in Shakespeare's time, but this usage was long obsoletewhen the verb was reintroduced (or perhaps reinvented) in recent yearsto mean "perform the role of a host.”The usage occurs particularly in contexts relating to institutional gatherings or television and radio shows,where the person performing the role of host has not personally invited the guests to his or her own establishment (thus it would be odd to sayThis evening we are hosting a dinner party at our house for my husband's cousins from New York ). Perhaps because the verb involves a suspect extension of the traditional conception of hospitality,it initially met with critical resistance.In a 1968 surveyonly 18 percent of the Usage Panel accepted the usage in the sentenceThe Cleveland chapter will host this year's convention. Over time, however,the usage has become increasingly well establishedand appears to serve a useful purpose in describing the activities of one who performs the ceremonial or practical role of a host (in arranging a conference or entertainment, welcoming guests, and so forth).In our most recent survey53 percent of the Panelists accepted the usage in the phrasea reception hosted by the Secretary of State. The verb is less well accepted when used to describe the role of a performer who acts as a master of ceremonies for a broadcast or film,where the relation of the word to the notion of "hospitality" is stretched still further.Only 31 percent of the Panel accepted the use of the verb in the sentenceStudents have watched Sex, Drugs and AIDS, a graphic film hosted by actress Rae Dawn Chong. · The verbcohost has likewise become well established in its use to refer to those who collaborate in assuming responsibility for an occasion. Fifty-eight percent of the Usage Panel accepted this use in the sentenceThe Department of Architecture and the Department of History will be cohosting a reception for conference participants. Host 一词在莎士比亚时代用作动词， 但自那时起这一用法很长时间不用了，直到近年来又被重新起用（或者可能重新创造），用来表示“担当主人的角色”。这一用法尤其在学术聚会或电视、电台节目的情况下使用，在这些情况下，身为主人的人并没有以私人身份邀请客人去到他或她自己的家中，（这样的话，如果我们说今天晚上我们将在家中为我丈夫来自纽约的表兄妹‘主办’一个晚餐会 就会觉得有点别扭）。 也许是因为有人认为这一动词用法会扩大传统的“好客”概念，所以一开始它就遭到了批评性抑制。在1968年的一次调查中，用法专题使用小组中18%的成员在如下句子中的用法，即克利夫兰分会将主办本年度的大会。 但是，随着时间的推移，这一用法已逐渐被接受，并在描绘一个担当司仪或具体的主人任务（例如安排会议或娱乐活动，欢迎客人等等）时起到了很好的作用。在我们最近一次的调查中，用法专题使用小组中的53%的成员接受了短语由国务卿出面举办的招待会 中"host"一词的用法。 但当这一动词用法用来描绘作为广播节目或电影节目的主持人的主持工作时，人们就不太接受其用法，因为这样用，这个词与“好客”这一概念的关系就更松了。只有31%的用法专题使用小组成员接受host在句子学生们观摩了 由 演员雷·唐·宗主持解说的纪录片 ‘性、毒品与艾滋病’”中的动词用法。 同样，用来表示分工合作共同举办某一活动的动词cohost 也已被普遍接受。 58%的用法专题使用小组成员接受这一动词在如下句子中的用法：建筑系和历史系将共同为与会者举办一次招待会 〔reference〕A person who is in a position to recommend another or to vouch for his or her fitness, as for a job.介绍人：可以为另一人推荐或保证他或她适合做如某工作的人〔ask〕Examine refers particularly to close and detailed questioning to ascertain the extent of a person's knowledge or the adequacy of his or her qualifications: Examine 尤指细微和详细的提问以确认某人的知识范围或他或她的资格是否符合： 〔word〕To be convinced of another's sincerity and act in accord with his or her statement: 相信某人说的是真话：被另外一个人的真诚所说服并按他或她说的做：〔impostor〕"I remember . . . there was an impudent mountebank who sold pills which (as he told the country people) were very good against an earthquake" (Joseph Addison).Acharlatan makes false claims to skill or knowledge and hides his or her deficiency by an elaborate, fraudulent, often voluble display: “我记得…有一个厚颜无耻的商人来推销能（据他对村民们所说的）对付地震极为有效的药片” （约瑟夫·艾迪生）。charlatan 假称拥有某种技术或知识并且用故意的、欺骗性的，经常是口若悬河的显露来掩饰他或她的不足： 〔asset〕A spy working in his or her own country and controlled by the enemy:间谍：为敌人所控制在他或她自己国家工作的间谍：〔valetudinarian〕A sickly or weak person, especially one who is constantly and morbidly concerned with his or her health:多病或虚弱的人：多病或虚弱的人，尤指经常地、病态地关注到他或她的健康的人：〔commander〕The chief commissioned officer of a military unit regardless of his or her rank.队长，指挥官：军事单位主要的任命官员，与他或她的军衔无关〔flow〕"An athlete must learn toforget the details of his or her training to achieve the instinctive sense of flow that characterizes a champion" (Frederick Turner)“一名运动员必须学会忘记 他或她训练的细节，以获得一个冠军所特有的那种从容不迫的特质” (弗雷德里克·特纳)〔tetchy〕"As a critic gets older, he or she usually grows more tetchy and limited in responses"(James Wolcott)“当一个批评家变老，他或她通常变得更易怒而且反应有限”(詹姆斯·沃尔科特)〔honor〕Deference is courteous, respectful regard for anotherthat often takes the form of yielding to his or her decisions or wishes: Deference 是指对另一个人的礼貌和敬重，经常表现为屈服于他或她的决定或愿望： 〔ademption〕The disposal by a testator of specific property bequeathed in his or her will so as to invalidate the bequest.撤销遗赠：立遗嘱者对他或她遗嘱中遗赠的特定财产所做的使遗赠无效的处理〔pamper〕These verbs all mean to cater excessively to someone or to his or her desires or feelings.Topamper is to gratify appetites, tastes, or desires, as for rich food or luxurious comforts: 这些动词的意思都是过分地顾及某个人或他或她的欲望或感情。Pamper 是使食欲、口味或欲望得到满足， 如对于丰盛的食物或奢华的舒适： 〔unruly〕His headstrong daughter is destined to learn from her own mistakes. One who iswayward willfully and often perversely departs from what is desired, advised, expected, or required in order to gratify his or her own impulses or inclinations: 他任性倔强的女儿总有一天会从她自己的错误中吸取教训。 一个wayward 的人固执地并且经常是带有逆反心理地背离人们的希望、建议、期望或要求他所做的事情从而来满足他或她自己的冲动或愿望： 〔practically〕Practically is used unexceptionally in its primary sense of "in a way that is practical.” Its use in the sense "for all practical purposes" is perfectly acceptable.Thus, a person whose liabilities exceed his or her assets may be said to bepractically bankrupt, even though that person has not been legally declared insolvent. By a slight extension of this meaning, however,practically is often used to mean "all but" or "nearly": Practically 最平常、根本的含义就是“通过实用的方式。” 其作为“从实际出发地”这一意思的用法也是完全可接受的。因此，如果某人的债务超出了他或她的财产价值的话，即使还没有在法律上宣告他或她破产，就可以说是实际上已破产了 。 然而将这一意思稍作延伸，practically 就经常用来表示“几乎”或“差不多”的意思： 〔con〕To swindle (a victim) by first winning his or her confidence; dupe.欺诈，欺骗：通过先赢得他或她的信任后再欺骗（受害者）；欺骗〔punish〕"The individual who refuses to defend his rights when called by his Government . . . must be punished as an enemy of his country and friend to her foe" (Andrew Jackson).Tocorrect is to punish so that the offender will mend his or her ways: 被国家所召集却拒绝维护他的权利的个人…一定被当作自己国家的敌人和国家敌人的朋友而受到惩罚 （安德鲁·杰克逊）。Corret 意指惩罚以使冒犯者改正他或她的习惯： 〔banish〕Extradite applies to the delivery of an accused or convicted person to the state or country having jurisdiction over him or her: Extradite 用于将被指控有罪的人交给对他或她有审判权的国家： 〔servitude〕"even compassionating those who hold in bondage their fellow men, not knowing what they do" (John Quincy Adams).To be held inslavery is to be owned bodily by the person or persons one serves and to be treated as his or her property: “甚至同情那些奴役他们同辈的人而不知他们在做些什么的人” （约输·昆西·亚当斯）。作为Slavery 是被所服务的人占有人身而被看作他或她的私有财产： 〔source〕A reporter is only as reliable as his or her sources.记者就象一个他或她的消息提供者一样可靠〔unruly〕Willful andheadstrong describe one obstinately bent on having his or her own way: Willful 和headstrong 指一个人顽固地决心要按他或她自己的意愿行事： 〔insanity〕 Insanity is a grave, often prolonged condition of mental disorderthat prevents a person from being held legally responsible for his or her actions: Insanity 是一种严重的，通常是延续的精神紊乱的状态，它使某人可不对他或她的行为负法律责任： 〔bankbook〕A book held by a depositor in which his or her deposits and withdrawals are recorded by the bank. Also called passbook 银行存折：存款人持有的折子，记录着他或她的银行存款和存取情况 也作 passbook〔plenipotentiary〕A diplomatic agent, such as an ambassador, fully authorized to represent his or her government.全权代表：授予全权以代表他或她的政府的外交人员，如大使 |
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