| 单词 | 代替 |
| 释义 | 〔demilitarize〕To replace military control of with civilian control.用非军事控制代替军事控制〔surrogate〕To appoint (another) as a replacement for oneself.指定（另一人）来代替自己〔nickname〕A descriptive name added to or replacing the actual name of a person, place, or thing.别名，绰号：加于或代替一个人、地方或物体真正名字的描述性名字〔ersatz〕from ersetzen [to replace] 源自 ersetzen [代替] 〔leave〕In formal writingleave is not an acceptable substitute for let in the sense "to allow or permit.” Onlylet is acceptable in the following examples: 在正式的写作中，当表示“允许或许可”的意思时，不能用leave 来代替 let 。 在以下例句中，只有let 是正确的： 〔makeshift〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "something used as a substitute when other means fail or are not available": 这些名词有一个中心意思是“当其它方式失败或不可行时，用来代替的东西”： 〔subrogation〕The substitution of one person for another, especially the legal doctrine of substituting one creditor for another.代替：用一个代替另一个人，尤指法律上用一个人代替另一个人的法律权益的条文规定〔substitute〕from Latin substitūtus [past participle of] substituere [to substitute] 源自 拉丁语 substitūtus substituere的过去分词 [ 代替] 〔supplant〕To displace and substitute for (another):取代，代替（另一个）：〔savory〕A dish of pungent taste, such as anchovies on toast or pickled fruit, sometimes served in Great Britain as an hors d'oeuvre or instead of a sweet dessert.美味小盘菜肴：如土司上的鲵鱼或腌制水果等辣味，在美国可以代替饭前开胃菜或作为饭后甜点〔Antares〕anti [instead of] * see anti- anti [代替，而不是] * 参见 anti-〔hendiadys〕A figure of speech in which two words connected by a conjunction are used to express a single notion that would normally be expressed by an adjective and a substantive, such asgrace and favor instead of gracious favor. 重言法：用连词连接两个单词以表达通常由一个名词和形容表达的单个意思的修辞法，如用grace and favor 代替 gracious favor 〔broomball〕A kind of ice hockey that is played on ice with the players using brooms and a soccer ball instead of hockey sticks and a puck and wearing shoes or boots instead of ice skates.冰上扫帚球：冰上的一项曲棍球运动，球员用扫帚和足球代替冰球杆和冰球，用鞋或靴代替冰鞋〔genteelism〕A word or an expression thought by its user to be more refined than another, as inexpectorate for spit. 雅语：使用者认为是比别的更为高雅的词或表达方式，例如用 expectorate 代替 spit. 〔whose〕It has sometimes been claimed thatwhose should be used only as the possessive form of who and should thus be restricted to animate antecedents, as ina man whose power has greatly eroded. But there is extensive literary precedent for the use ofwhose as the possessive of which, as inThe play, whose style is rigidly formal, is typical of the period. In an earlier survey this example was acceptable to a large majority of the Usage Panel.The alternate formof which also can be used to this purpose, as in The play, the style of which is rigidly formal, is typical of the period. But as this example demonstrates, substitutingof which for whose may result in stiltedness. See Usage Note at else ,which ,who 人们有时认为whose 只应作为 who 的所有格形式并限于表示有生命的先行词， 如在句子a man whose power has greatly erode. （能力已大大衰退的人）中。 但把whose 用作 which 的所有形式也是有许多先例的， 如 the play, whose style is rigidly formal, is typical of the period. （这个剧本的文体僵化正式，是当时的典型）。 在早期，这种用法对于用法专题小组的多数人来说都是可以接受的。其变化形式of which 在这种情况下也可用，如 The play, the style of which is rigidly formal, is typical of the period. 。但象 这个例子所显示的一样，用of which 代替 whose 会显得不自然 参见 else,which,who〔this〕This is often used in speech and informal writing as an emphatic substitute for the use of the indefinite article to refer to a specific thing or person: this 常用在对话及非正式写作中， 作为强调词代替不定冠词指代某特定的物或人： 〔Milos〕An island of southeast Greece in the Cyclades Islands of the Aegean Sea. It was a flourishing trade and obsidian-mining center in ancient times but lost importance when bronze replaced obsidian as a material for tools and weapons. The famous statueVenus de Milo was discovered here in 1820. 米洛斯岛：希腊东南部一岛屿，位于爱琴海的基克拉迪群岛。古时为一繁荣的贸易中心及黑曜岩采掘中心，但自青铜代替黑曜岩成为制造工具和武器的材料之后，该城逐渐没落。著名的《米洛斯岛的维纳斯》 雕像于1820年发现于此 〔understudy〕To be engaged in studying a role so as to be able to replace the regular performer when required.当替角，当替工：参加学习一个角色，以便能在需要时代替正规的表演〔cover〕One who substitutes for another.替代物：代替他人的一个人〔troostite〕A white or colored crystalline mineral, a variety of willemite, in which the zinc is partly replaced by manganese.锰硅锌矿：一种白色或彩色的晶体状矿物质，是硅锌矿一个种类，其中的锌部分被锰所代替〔commutative〕Relating to, involving, or characterized by substitution, interchange, or exchange.交换的；代替的：有关、包含或特征是替代、交替、交换的〔Brummell〕British dandy who popularized new men's fashions, including simply cut clothing, trousers rather than breeches, and elaborate neckwear. An inveterate gambler, he died in poverty in an insane asylum in France.布鲁梅尔，乔治·布赖恩：(1778-1840) 英国的花花公子，其剪裁朴素的衣裤代替西装、领带而成为男士的流行服装。他嗜赌如命，穷困潦倒，死于法国一家精神病医院〔fluorocarbon〕An inert liquid or gaseous halocarbon compound in which fluorine replaces some or all hydrogen molecules, used as aerosol propellants, refrigerants, solvents, and lubricants and in making plastics and resins.碳氟化合物：一种惰性液体或气体的氟碳化合物，其中氟元素代替了一些或全部氢分子，用作气溶胶推进剂、冷冻剂、溶剂和润滑剂以及制造塑料和合成树脂〔quitrent〕A rent paid by a freeman in lieu of the services required by feudal custom.免役租，代役租：自由民支付的租金来代替封建惯例要求的服役〔gay〕The wordgay is now standard in its use to refer to the American homosexual community and its members;in this use it is generally lowercased.Gay is distinguished from homosexual in emphasizing the cultural and social aspects of homosexuality.Many writers reservegay for male homosexuals, but the word is also used to refer to homosexuals of both sexes;when the intended meaning is not clear in the context,the phrasegay and lesbian should be used. Like the other names of social groups that are derived from adjectives (e.g.,Black ), gay may be regarded as offensive when used as a noun to refer to particular individuals, as inThere were two gays on the panel; here a phrase such asgay people should be used instead. But there is no objection to the use of the noun in the pluralto refer to the general gay community,as inGays have united in opposition to the policy. See Usage Note at homosexual 单词gay 其用法已被普遍接受， 指的是美国的同性恋团体及其成员；在这种用法中，它一般小写。Gay 区别于 homosexual， 前者强调同性恋者的文化和社会方面。许多作家把gay 限定于男性同性恋者， 但这个单词也可用于指两种性别的同性恋者，当上下文的言外之意不太明确时，词组同性恋男性和同性恋女性 可以被使用。 就象其他从形容词派生来的社会群体名词一样（如，黑人 ）， gay 如果当作为一个名词使用，指一些特殊的个体时，可能会被认为带有攻击性， 如在There were two gays on the panel； 在此处应该用词组gay people 来代替。 但是并没有人反对其名词的复数形式，指一般的同性恋团体，如句子同性恋者们已经团结起来对抗政策 参见 homosexual〔subrogate〕sub- [instead of] * see sub- sub- [与…相反，代替] * 参见 sub-〔IHS〕Jesus (Greek ΙΗΣΟΥΣ with S for sigma).耶稣（在希腊语中作ΙΗΣΟΥΣ，这里用S代替）〔mine〕Used instead ofmy before an initial vowel or the letter h. 我的：用在元音字母或字母h 前代替 my 〔understudy〕To study or know (a role) so as to be able to replace the regular performer when required.学习（某角色）以便当替角；练习当替角：学习或了解（一个角色）以便能在需要时代替正式的演员〔Welland〕A city of southeast Ontario, Canada, on theWelland Ship Canal, 44.4 km (27.6 mi) long, which connects Lake Erie with Lake Ontario and bypasses Niagara Falls. The current canal, completed in 1932, replaced a canal originally built between 1824 and 1833. The city is a port and an industrial center. Population, 45,448. 韦兰：加拿大安大略市东南的一城市，位于韦兰运河 河边。该运河长44.4公里（合27.6英里），联接伊利湖与安大略湖并通过尼加拉瓜瀑布的旁道。现在的运河完工于1932年，代替了原建于1824年和1833年之间的运河。该城为河港和工业中心。人口45,448 〔periodic〕Periodic has long been used loosely to mean "occasional, intermittent,” but this usage may be confusing for readers who are accustomed to using the word only in its narrower sense of "at regular or predictable intervals.”Thus the writer who saidParker's losses at the track were not covered by his periodic winners invited the (most likely unintended) inference that Parker had a system that enabled him to pick winners at regular intervals. Substitution ofoccasional in this context would have resolved the ambiguity. Periodic 长时间以来不严谨地用于指“时常的，偶而的”， 但这个用法常常使那些习惯于将这个词用于“在有规律或可预测的间歇内”这个狭窄词义的读者迷惑。因此写帕克在赛跑中的失败不如他的胜利多 这句话的作者（主要是无意中）造成帕克有在定期赢得比赛的方法的推论。 在上下文中用occasional 代替应该能解决这种模棱两可的问题 〔spell〕from Old English spelian [to represent, substitute for] 源自 古英语 spelian [代表，代替] 〔intrigue〕The introduction of the verbintrigue to mean "to arouse the interest or curiosity of" was initially resisted by writerson usage as an unneeded French substitute for available English words such asinterest, fascinate, or puzzle, but it now appears to be well established.Seventy-eight percent of the Usage Panel accepts it in the sentenceThe special-quota idea intrigues some legislators, who have asked a Washington think tank to evaluate it, whereas only 52 percent accepted it in a 1968 survey.意为“激起…的兴趣或好奇心”的动词intrigue 的引入， 最初遭到作家们的抵制，他们认为在用法上没有必要用法语词代替现成的英语词汇，例如interest，fascinate 或者 puzzle， 但是现在它已经被普遍认可。用法专题小组百分之七十八的成员认同它存在于句子特殊配额的意见吸引了一些立法者，他们要求华盛顿智囊团对此进行评价 中， 而在1986年的调查中只有百分之五十二的人同意〔seitan〕A chewy, protein-rich food made from wheat gluten and used as a meat substitute.西坦植物蛋白：用小麦面筋制成并代替肉品使用的一种耐嚼、富含蛋白质的食物〔surrogate〕A person or an animal that functions as a substitute for another, as in a social or family role.替代者：代替另一个行使职责的人或动物，如在社会或家庭中〔mutual〕Mutual is uncontroversially used to describe a reciprocal relationship between two or more things, in which use it can be paraphrased by expressions involvingbetween or each other. Thustheir mutual animosity means "their animosity for each other" or "the animosity between them,” anda mutual defense treaty is one in which each party agrees to come to the defense of the other. Butmutual is also widely used where one might expect "common,” as inThe bill serves the mutual interests of management and labor and particularly in the expressionour mutual friend, which was widespread even before Charles Dickens used it as the title of a novel.Critics have often objected to this use,but it is well established in reputable writing.However,mutual in this latter sense is reserved to describe relations that hold between two or more specific parties and a third person or thing. It cannot be used as a substitute forcommon in the sense "general": Mutual 毫无争议地被用来描述两者或者更多事物之间的相互关系， 可以用一些包括between 或 each other 的表达来解释。 因此他们相互的敌意 意思为“他们彼此之间产生的敌意”或者“他们之间的敌意”， 相互防御条约 意为一个政党同意帮助另一政党进行防御的条约。 但是Mutual 也广泛地用来表示“共同的”， 就象在这个议案满足劳资双方的需要。 特别是在短语我们共同的朋友， 甚至在查理·狄更斯把它作为一本小说名之前就已经广泛应用。评论家们一直以来常常反对这种用法，但是在规范的写作中它已被完全确定下来了。但是mutual 后来产生的意思被用来描述两个或者更多特定元素及物和第三者之间的关系。 当意为“普遍的”时，它不能代替common 来表述“总体”的含义： 〔purty〕Purty is probably the most common American example of metathesis, a linguistic process in which two adjacent sounds are reversed in order.Metathesis in English often involves the consonantr and a vowel, since the phonetic properties ofr are so vowellike. For example,the wordthird used to be thrid, and bird, brid. By the same process,Englishpretty often came to be realized as purty in regional speech. Most such words stabilized because of the influence of printing and the resultant standardized spelling,butpurty for pretty has survived in regional American dialects. Purty 可能是美国换位词最普遍的一个例子， 换位是两个相邻的音在顺序上调换位置的语法过程。英语中的换位经常包括辅音r 和一个元音， 因为r 的语音属性是非常像元音的。 举个例子来说，单词third 过去曾是 thrid 及 bird和brid。 具有同样的过程，英语单词pretty 在区域性语言中常被渐渐地认作 purty。 大部分这样的单词固定下来是因为印刷的影响以及由此而产生的标准化拼写，但是代替pretty 的 purty 却在美国区域性的方言中存在下来了 〔fungible〕from Latin fungī (vice) [to perform (in place of)] 源自 拉丁语 fungī (vice) [（代替…）执行] 〔bathysphere〕A reinforced spherical deep-diving chamber in which persons are lowered by a cable to study the oceans. The bathysphere, limited to depths of about 900 meters (3,000 feet), has been supplanted by the safer and more navigable bathyscaph.海潜球：一种坚固的球形深海潜水器，用缆绳把载人的球形舱降低以观测海洋。潜水深度限制在900米，现已被更安全、更能航行的深海潜测艇所代替〔council〕Council, counsel, and consul are never interchangeable as such, though their meanings are related.Council and councilor refer principally to a deliberative assembly (such as a city council or student council), its work, and its membership. Counsel and counselor pertain chiefly to advice and guidance in general and to a person (such as a lawyer or camp counselor) who provides it.Consul denotes an officer in the foreign service of a country. Council，counsel 和 consul 是不能互相代替的， 尽管他们的意义有联系。Council 和 councilor 主要指评议集会（例如市议会或学生会），及其工作和会籍。 Counsel 和 counselor 主要涉及大体上的建议和指导， 并涉及提供建议的人（如律师或军营参谋者）。Consul 指参与国家外事服务的官员 |
| 随便看 |
|
英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。