| 单词 | 代谢 |
| 释义 | 〔phenylketonuria〕A genetic disorder in which the body lacks the enzyme necessary to metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine. Left untreated, the disorder can cause brain damage and progressive mental retardation as a result of the accumulation of phenylalanine and its breakdown products.苯丙酮尿：一种先天性代谢异常，其机体缺乏将苯丙氨酸代谢成酪氨酸所必需的酶。如果不治疗，这种异常会导致脑损伤和精神抑制，这是苯基丙氨酸沉积和其分解物的产物〔spermidine〕A polyamine compound, C7H 19N 3, found in ribosomes and living tissues and having various metabolic functions. It was originally isolated from semen. 亚精胺：一种多胺化合物，化学式为C7H 19N 3，存在于核糖体及活组织中，具有各种代谢功能。一旦产生即与精子分离 〔melanic〕Of, relating to, or affected with melanosis; melanotic.黑变病的：黑变病的，有关黑变病的，患黑变病的，黑素代谢失常的〔burn〕To metabolize (glucose, for example) in the body.代谢：体内的新陈代谢（例如葡萄糖）〔myxedema〕A disease caused by decreased activity of the thyroid gland in adults and characterized by dry skin, swellings around the lips and nose, mental deterioration, and a subnormal basal metabolic rate.粘液性水肿：在成年人中，由甲状腺机能减退引起的疾病，特征为皮肤干燥、唇和鼻子周围肿胀、智力退化和低于正常的基本代谢速度〔anabolism〕The phase of metabolism in which simple substances are synthesized into the complex materials of living tissue.合成代谢：简单的物质被合成为复杂的活组织物质的代谢过程〔glycolysis〕The ATP-generating metabolic process that occurs in nearly all living cells by which carbohydrates and sugars, typically glucose, are converted in a series of steps to pyruvic acid.糖酵解：磷酸酯衍生物代谢过程，发生于几乎所有活细胞，通过这一过程，碳水化合物和糖、典型的如葡萄糖，经过一系步骤转化成乳酸〔auxotroph〕An organism, such as a strain of bacteria, that has lost the ability to synthesize certain substances required for its growth and metabolism as the result of mutational changes.营养缺陷型：一种有机体，如细菌菌株，因某种突变的结果而失去合成某种生长及代谢所需物质的能力〔galactosemia〕An inherited metabolic disorder characterized by the deficiency of an enzyme that is necessary for the metabolism of galactose. The disorder results in elevated levels of galactose in the blood and, if untreated, can lead to mental retardation and eye and liver abnormalities.半乳糖症：一种遗传的代谢紊乱，因缺乏对半乳糖新陈代谢所必需的酶引起。这种紊乱会引起半乳糖在血液中的积聚上升，如果不治疗会导致大脑发育迟缓且眼和肝脏畸形〔metabolism〕water metabolism; iodine metabolism.水的代谢；碘的代谢〔pyridoxamine〕A crystalline amine, C8H 12N 2O 2, one of several active forms of pyridoxine, important in protein metabolism. 吡哆胺：晶体胺，C8H 12N 2O 2，吡哆醇的几种活跃的形式中的一种，在蛋白质新旧代谢过程中起重要作用 〔tetany〕An abnormal condition characterized by periodic painful muscular spasms and tremors, caused by faulty calcium metabolism and associated with diminished function of the parathyroid glands.手足抽搐：一种症状为周期性疼痛肌肉痉挛和颤抖的不正常状态，由钙代谢失调引起，与甲状旁腺功能低下有关〔respire〕To undergo the metabolic process of respiration.进行呼吸代谢进程〔phosphatase〕Any of numerous enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters of phosphoric acid and are important in the absorption and metabolism of carbohydrates, nucleotides, and phospholipids and in the calcification of bone.磷酸酶：一种酶，它可催化磷酸酯的水解作用，并对碳水化合物、核苷酸和磷脂的吸收、代谢以及骨骼的钙化都十分重要〔aminoaciduria〕A disorder of protein metabolism in which excessive amounts of amino acids are excreted in the urine.蛋白尿，胺基酸尿症：一种蛋白质代谢失常现象，过多的胺基酸随尿排出〔melanosis〕Abnormally dark pigmentation of the skin or other tissues, resulting from a disorder of pigment metabolism. Also called melanism 黑变病，黑素沉着病：因色素代谢失常而引起的皮肤或其他组织中黑色素沉积着的状况 也作 melanism〔Brown〕American geneticist. He shared a 1985 Nobel Prize for discoveries related to cholesterol metabolism.布朗，迈克尔：(生于 1941) 美国遗传学家。因在有关胆固醇代谢方面的发现而获1985年诺贝尔奖〔porphyria〕Any of several disorders of porphyrin metabolism, usually hereditary, characterized by the presence of large amounts of porphyrins in the blood and urine.卟啉症：卟啉代谢异常的几种病态的一种，这种病通常为遗传性的，其特征是血液和尿中出现大量的卟啉〔uricotelic〕Excreting uric acid as the chief component of nitrogenous waste.排尿酸氮代谢的：排泄尿酸作为主要含氮代谢物成分的〔Meyerhof〕German-born American physiologist. He shared a 1922 Nobel Prize for his discovery of the relationship between consumption of oxygen and production of lactic acid in muscles.迈尔霍夫，奥托：(1884-1951) 德裔美国生理学家，因发现肌肉代谢中氧耗与乳酸生产间的关系，与人共获1922年诺贝尔奖〔disulfiram〕A drug used in the treatment of alcoholism that interferes with the metabolic degradation of alcohol, producing an unpleasant reaction when even a small quantity of alcohol is consumed.四乙秋兰姆化二硫(戒酒发泡锭，戒酒药)：用来治疗酒精中毒的药，其会阻断酒精的代谢消退，而只要有少量的乙醛堆积，就会造成身体的不适反应〔thiamine〕A vitamin, C12H 17ClN 4OS, of the vitamin B complex, found in meat, yeast, and the bran coat of grains, and necessary for carbohydrate metabolism and normal neural activity. Also called vitamin B 1 硫胺：一种属于维生素B复合物的维生素C12H 17ClN 4OS，存在于肉、酵母及麦麸中，在糖代谢和正常神经活动中不可缺少 也作 vitamin B1 〔dormant〕In a condition of biological rest or inactivity characterized by cessation of growth or development and the suspension of many metabolic processes.休眠期的：处在生物休眠、停止活动的状态中，特征是停止生长或发展及许多代谢过程的中止〔metabolite〕A substance necessary for or taking part in a particular metabolic process.代谢物：在某种特定的代谢过程中所必需的物质〔Lynen〕German biochemist. He shared a 1964 Nobel Prize for research on cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism.吕南，费奥多：(1911-1979) 德国生化学家，因研究胆固醇和脂肪酸的代谢而获1964年诺贝尔奖〔auxotrophic〕Requiring one or more specific substances for growth and metabolism that the parental organism was able to synthesize on its own. Used with respect to organisms, such as strains of bacteria, algae, or fungi, that can no longer synthesize certain growth factors because of mutational changes.有营养缺陷的：需求一种或多种用于有机体成长及代谢、其自身可以合成特定物质的。用于指如细菌菌株，水藻或真菌等因某种突变不能再合成特定生长因子的有机体〔glyceraldehyde〕A sweet, colorless, crystalline solid, C3H 6O 3, that is an intermediate compound in carbohydrate metabolism. 甘油醛：一种甜的，无色结晶固体，C3H 6O 3，是糖代谢的中间复合物 〔fosphenytoin〕A prodrug that is metabolized to phenytoin and administered parenterally for the treatment of seizures.抗病毒药. 磷苯妥英：为前驱药物，代谢成为苯妥英，从肠道外注射，用于治疗癫痫发作〔fludrocortisone〕A synthetic steroid used therapeutically to increase blood pressure by lowering the amount of salt the body excretes.氟氢可的松：以降低人体代谢盐量来增加血压的人造类固醇〔pharmacokinetics〕The process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized and eliminated by the body.药物人体之相互作用：药物被身体吸收、消化、代谢和排出的过程〔allantoin〕A white, crystalline oxidation product, C4H 6N 4O 3, of uric acid that is the metabolic end product of vertebrate purine oxidation and is used medicinally to promote tissue growth. 尿模素：一种白色晶状尿酸氧化物，C4H 6N 4O 3，该尿酸为脊椎动物嘌呤的代谢终产物，在医药方面用来刺激组织生长 〔condition〕To replace moisture or oils in (hair, for example) by use of a therapeutic product.保养：用药物来促进原先湿度或油份（例如头发中）的代谢〔Bloch〕German-born American biochemist. He shared a 1964 Nobel Prize for research on cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism.布洛赫，康拉德·埃米尔：(生于 1912) 德国裔的美国生物化学家，他因对胆固醇和脂肪酸代谢的研究而获得了1964年的诺贝尔奖 |
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