| 单词 | 任总统 |
| 释义 | 〔Polk〕The 11th President of the United States (1845-1849), whose term was marked by the establishment of the 49th parallel as the country's northern border (1846).波尔克，詹姆斯·诺克斯：(1795-1849) 美国第十一任总统(1845-1849年），在其任内美国的北部边界确立为北纬49度〔Rockefeller〕American family, includingJohn Davison (1839-1937), an oil magnate who amassed great wealth through the Standard Oil Company and spent about half of his fortune on philanthropic works. His son John Davison, Jr. (1874-1960), continued his father's work and had five sons, including Nelson Aldrich (1908-1979), who was governor of New York (1959-1973) and Vice President of the United States (1974-1977) under Gerald Ford. 洛克菲勒：美国的一个家族，包括石油大王约翰·戴维森 (1839-1937年），他通过标准石油公司聚积了大笔财富，并把其财富的一半用于慈善事业。其子 小约翰·戴维森 (1874-1960年）继承了父业并生有五子，其中包括曾任纽约州州长(1959-1973年）和杰拉德·福特任总统时的美国副总统(1974-1977年） 的内尔森·艾尔德利奇 (1908-1979年） 〔Arthur〕The 21st President of the United States (1881-1885) who became President after the assassination of James A. Garfield. He supported the 1883 Pendleton Act, which created the Civil Service Commission to regulate federal appointments.阿瑟，切斯特·阿朗：(1829-1886) 美国第二十一任总统（1881-1885年），他是在詹姆斯·A·加菲尔德遇刺后成为总统的。支持1883年彭德尔顿法案,该法案建立文官委员会来管理联邦的任命制度〔Bhutto〕Pakistani politician who formed the Pakistan People's Party (1967) and became president (1971) and prime minister (1973). In 1977 he was deposed by a coup d'état and later executed.布托，朱尔费卡·阿利：(1928-1979) 巴基斯坦政治家，1967年创立巴基斯坦人民党，1917年任总统，1973年任总理。1977年因政变免职，后被处死〔Paasikivi〕Finnish politician who served as prime minister (1918 and 1944-1946) and president (1946-1956).巴锡基维，朱霍·库斯蒂：(1870-1956) 芬兰政治家，(1918年和1944-1946年）任总理，(1946-1956年）任总统〔Harrison〕The ninth President of the United States (1841). He died of pneumonia after one month in office.哈里森，威廉·亨利：(1773-1841) 美国第九任总统（1841年），上任仅一个月就因肺炎死去〔Bush〕The 41st President of the United States (since 1989). He was previously U.S. ambassador to the United Nations (1971-1972) and China (1974-1975), director of the Central Intelligence Agency (1976-1977), and Vice President (1981-1989) under Ronald Reagan.布什，乔治·赫伯特·沃克：(生于 1924) 美国第四十一任总统（自1989年）。他曾是美国驻联合国(1971-1972年）和中国(1974-1975年）的外交大使，中央情报局局长(1976-1977年），罗纳德·里根的副总统(1981-1989年）〔Curtis〕Vice President of the United States (1929-1933) under Herbert Hoover.柯蒂斯，查尔斯：(1860-1936) 在赫伯特·胡佛任总统期间担任美国的副总统（1929-1933年）〔Adams〕The first Vice President (1789-1797) and second President (1797-1801) of the United States. He was a major figure during the American Revolution, the drafting of the Declaration of Independence, and the shaping of the Constitution.亚当斯，约翰：(1735-1826) 美国首任副总统（1789-1797年）及第二任总统（1797-1801年）。美国独立战争期间的主要人物，《独立宣言》的起草撰写者及宪法的设计完成者〔Nasser〕Egyptian army officer and politician who served as prime minister (1954-1956) and president (1956-1958) of Egypt and as president of the United Arab Republic (1958-1970). His nationalization of the Suez Canal precipitated an international crisis (1956).纳赛尔，迦玛尔·阿卜杜尔：(1918-1970) 埃及军官和政治家，1954年至1956年任埃及总理，1957年至1958年任总统，1958年至1970年任阿拉伯埃及共和国的总统。1956年他的使苏伊士运河国有化方案触发了一次国际危机〔Wilson〕Vice President of the United States (1873-1875) under Ulysses S. Grant.威尔逊，亨利：(1812-1875) 尤利西斯·S·格兰特任总统时的美国副总统(1873-1875年）〔Johnson〕The 17th President of the United States (1865-1869). Elected Vice President (1864), he succeeded the assassinated Abraham Lincoln as President. His administration was marked by reconstruction policies in the South and the purchase of Alaska (1867). An attempt to unseat Secretary of War Edwin Stanton led to Johnson's impeachment on purely political charges brought by Republican senators (1868). Johnson was acquitted by one vote.约翰逊，安德鲁：(1808-1875) 美国第17任总统(1865-1869年）。他于1864年当选副总统，在阿伯拉罕·林肯遇刺后继任总统。他执政时推行南部重建政策，并于1867年买下了阿拉斯加。因试图罢免国防部长埃德温·斯坦顿，约翰逊还受到共和国参议员们关于纯粹政治性原因的指控(1868年）。约翰逊在一次投票后被宣告无罪〔Hayes〕The 19th President of the United States (1877-1881). Winning the controversial election of 1876 by one electoral vote, he pacified the South by removing federal troops (1877), vetoed a bill restricting Chinese immigration (1879), and stemmed a congressional attempt to weaken the presidency.海斯，卢瑟福·彼尔查德：(1822-1893) 美国第十九任总统(1877-1881年），1876年通过一次选举拉票获得了有争议的胜利，1877年撤走联邦军队以安抚南方，1879年否决了一项限制中国移民的提案并遏止了国会削弱总统权力的企图〔Dutra〕Brazilian military and political leader who directed a coup d'état against Getulio Vargas in 1945 and subsequently served as president (1946-1951).杜德拉，欧里科·加斯帕：(1885-1974) 巴西军政领袖，1945年领导了粉碎加土里·瓦格斯的军事政变，并于1946年至1951年期间任总统〔Rafsanjani〕Iranian religious and political leader who served as president from 1989 to 1997. A founding member of the Islamic Republican Party, he sought to improve Iran's economy and its relations with the West.拉夫桑贾尼，阿里．雅克布．哈什米：伊朗宗教与政治领袖，1989年至1997年任总统。作为穆斯林共和党的创始成员，他谋求改善伊朗的经济及其与西方的关系〔Roosevelt〕The 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945). Governor of New York (1929-1932), he ran for President with the promise of a New Deal for the American people. His administration was marked by relief programs, measures to increase employment and assist industrial and agricultural recovery from the Depression, and World War II. He was the only U.S. President to be reelected three times (1936, 1940, and 1944). He died in office.罗斯福，富兰克林·德拉诺：(1882-1945) 美国第三十二任总统(1933-1945年），任美国纽约州州长(1929-1932年）参加总统的竞选诺言是为美国人民实施新政，他的政策以实行和计划、采取措施增加就业、协助工业和农业从大萧条中及复苏，参加第二次世界大战为显著特征。他是唯一一位连任三届(1936,1940和1944年）的美国总统，死于任上〔Hyannis〕A town of southeast Massachusetts on Nantucket Sound in south-central Cape Cod. It is a popular summer resort. The summer White House was located nearby while John F. Kennedy was President. Population, 8,000.海恩尼斯：美国马萨诸塞州东南城镇，临近鳕鱼角中南部的楠塔基特湾。为一夏季旅游胜地。约翰·F·肯尼迪任总统时曾在附近修建夏季白宫。人口8,000〔Kennedy〕The 35th President of the United States (1961-1963). A U.S. representative (1947-1953) and senator (1953-1960) from Massachusetts, he became the youngest man elected to the presidency (1960). Kennedy approved the failed invasion of the Bay of Pigs (1961) and forced Khrushchev to remove Soviet missiles from Cuba (1962). He also established the Peace Corps (1961) and advocated civil rights reform. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963.肯尼迪，约翰·菲茨杰拉德：(1917-1963) 美国第三十五任总统（1961-1963年）。曾任美国国会议员（1947-1953年）和马萨诸塞州议员（1953-1960年），他成为当选总统的最年轻的人（1960年）。肯尼迪同意侵略猪湾（1961年）但失败，迫使赫鲁晓夫从古巴撤出苏联导弹。他建立了和平军队（1961年）并倡议平民权利改革。于1963年11月22日在得克萨斯州达拉斯遇刺〔Tyler〕The 10th President of the United States (1841-1845), who succeeded to office after the death of President William Henry Harrison. His administration was marked by the annexation of Texas (1845).泰勒，约翰：(1790-1862) 美国的第十位总统(1841年—1845年），在威廉·亨利·哈里森总统去世后继任总统。在他执政期间得克萨斯州并入美国(1845年）〔Sherman〕Vice President of the United States (1909-1912) under William Howard Taft. He died in office.谢尔曼，詹姆斯·斯库克拉夫特：(1855-1912) 威·霍华德·塔夫脱任总统时的美国副总统（1909-1912年），他在任职期间去世〔Pierce〕The 14th President of the United States (1853-1857). He was unable to reconcile the issue of slavery that divided the United States.皮尔斯，富兰克林：(1804-1869) 美国第十四任总统(1853-1857年）。他没有能够调和使美国分裂的奴隶制问题〔Faure〕French politician who served as president (1895-1899) of the Third Republic.福勒，弗朗索瓦·费利克斯：(1841-1899) 法国政治家，第三共和国时期任总统(1895-1899年）〔Masaryk〕Czechoslovakian politician who served as the first president of independent Czechoslovakia (1918-1935). His sonJan Garrigue Masaryk (1886-1948) was the foreign minister of the provisional government in London (1940-1945) and the restored government in Prague (1945-1948). 马萨里克，托马斯·加里盖：(1850-1937) 捷克斯洛伐克政治家，该国独立后的首任总统(1918-1935年）。他的儿子贾恩·戛里格·马萨里克 (1886-1948年）曾任在伦敦的流亡政府的外交部长(1940-1945年），并在布拉格恢复了政府统治(1945-1948年） 〔Madison〕The fourth President of the United States (1809-1817). A member of the Continental Congress (1780-1783) and the Constitutional Convention (1787), he strongly supported ratification of the Constitution and was a contributor toThe Federalist Papers (1787-1788), which argued the effectiveness of the proposed constitution. His presidency was marked by the War of 1812. 麦迪逊，詹姆斯：(1751-1836) 美国第四任总统(1809-1817年）。大陆会议(1780-1783年）和制宪会议(1787年）的成员之一，他坚决支持批准宪法，是《联邦文选》 （1787-1788年）的主要撰稿人之一，在其中他论述了实施宪法的必要性。他的总统任职以1812年战争为标志 〔Reagan〕The 40th President of the United States (1981-1989). An actor turned politician, he was governor of California (1967-1975) and defeated the incumbent Jimmy Carter in the 1980 presidential election. His administration was marked by economic recovery, military involvement in Grenada, Central America, Lebanon, and Libya, and improved relations with the Soviet Union.里根，罗纳德·威尔逊：(生于 1911) 1981年至1989年在位的美国第四十任总统。他原是一个演员，后成为政治活动家，1967年至1975年任加利福尼亚州州长，在1980年的总统大选中，他击败了当时的在职总统吉米·卡特。他的政绩是使经济复苏，对格林纳达、中美洲、黎巴嫩和利比亚进行军事干预，改善与苏联的关系〔Bayar〕Turkish political leader. A founder of the Turkish Republic, he served as its president from 1950 to 1960, when he was ousted by a military coup.巴亚尔，（马哈茂德）杰拉勒：(1884-1986) 土耳其的政治领袖，土耳其共和国的创始人，他在1950年到1960年任总统，后被军事政变所罢免〔Lamar〕American politician and diplomat. He was the second president (1838-1841) of the Republic of Texas and later served as U.S. minister to Nicaragua (1857-1859).拉马尔，米拉波·波拿巴：(1798-1859) 美国政治家和外交家。他是得克萨斯共和国的第二任总统（1838-1841年），后来担任美国驻尼加拉瓜公使（1857-1859年）〔Castro〕Venezuelan soldier and politician who was president from 1902 to 1908, when he was suspended by the congress for his dictatorial policies.卡斯特罗，奇普里亚诺：(1858?-1924) 委内瑞拉军人和政客，1902年至1908年任总统，1908年因其独裁政策而被国会停职〔Truman〕The 33rd President of the United States (1945-1953). He authorized the use of the atomic bomb against Japan (1945), implemented the Marshall Plan (1948), initiated the establishment of NATO (1949), and ordered U.S. involvement in the Korean War (1950-1953).杜鲁门，哈里S.：(1884-1972) 美国第33任总统(1945-1953年）。他授权对日本使用原子弹(1945年），施行了马歇尔计划(1948年），发起建立了北约组织(1949年），并命令美国加入朝鲜战争(1950-1953年）〔Kennedy〕American politician who served as U.S. attorney general (1961-1964) during the presidency of his brother John F. Kennedy. He was elected to the Senate (1964) and was campaigning for the presidency when he was assassinated in Los Angeles.肯尼迪，罗伯特·弗朗西斯：(1925-1968) 美国政治家，在其兄约翰·F·肯尼迪任总统时任美国司法部长（1961-1964年）。曾被选为参议员（1964年），在洛杉矶竞选总统时遇刺〔Nixon〕The 37th President of the United States (1969-1974). Vice President (1953-1961) under Dwight D. Eisenhower, he lost the 1960 presidential election to John F. Kennedy. Elected President in 1968, he visited China (1972) and established détente with the U.S.S.R. Although he increased U.S. military involvement in Southeast Asia, he was also responsible for the eventual withdrawal of U.S. troops. When Congress recommended three articles of impeachment for Nixon's involvement in the Watergate scandal, he resigned from office (August 9, 1974).尼克松，理查德·米尔豪斯：(生于 1913) 美国第三十七任总统(1969-1974年），在艾森豪·威尔执政时任副总统(1953-1961年），他在1960的总统选举中输给了约翰·F·肯尼迪，1968年为总统候选人，他访问了中国(1972年）并缓和了与苏联的关系。尽管他增加了美国在东南亚的军事介入，但他也对最终在美军从该地区的撤回中起主要作用。当国会因尼克松卷入水门事件丑闻交付三篇弹劾文章时，他辞去了总统职务(1974年8月9日）〔McNamara〕American public official who served as U.S. secretary of defense (1961-1968) during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations.麦克纳马拉，罗伯特·斯特兰奇：(生于 1916) 美国公务官员，曾在肯尼迪和约翰逊任总统期间担任国防部长(1961-1968年）〔Fillmore〕The 13th President of the United States (1850-1853), who succeeded to office after the death of Zachary Taylor. He struggled to keep the nation unified but lost the support of his Whig Party by attempting to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act in the North.菲尔莫尔，密拉德：(1800-1874) 美国第13任总统（1850-1853年），在扎卡里·泰勒死后继任总统。他为保持国家的统一而斗争，但因试图使《逃亡奴隶法》在北方生效而失去了他所在的辉格党的支持〔Jackson〕The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers.杰克逊，安德鲁：(1767-1845) 美国第七任总统(1829-1837年），是1812年的战争中美军的将军，于1815年在新奥尔良打败英军。任总统期间他反对美洲银行，反对各州拥有把相抵触的联邦法律废除的权力，增大了总统的集权〔Harrison〕The 23rd President of the United States (1889-1893). The first Pan-American Conference took place (1889) during his administration.哈里森，本杰明：(1833-1901) 美国第23任总统（1889-1893年），第一届泛美会议在1889年他的任期期间举行〔Mondale〕Vice President of the United States (1977-1981) under Jimmy Carter. He earlier served as a U.S. senator from Minnesota (1964-1977) and was the unsuccessful 1984 Democratic nominee for President.蒙代尔，沃尔特·弗雷德里克：(生于 1928) 美国卡特任总统时的副总统(1977-1981年）。他早先是来自明尼苏达州的参议员。他在1984年作为美国民主党总统候选人参选并遭失败〔Roosevelt〕The 26th President of the United States (1901-1909). A hero of the Spanish-American War, he served as governor of New York (1899-1900) and U.S. Vice President (1901) under William McKinley. On McKinley's assassination (September 1901), he assumed the presidency. Roosevelt's administration was marked by the regulation of trusts, the building of the Panama Canal, and a foreign policy based on the motto "Speak softly and carry a big stick.” He won the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize for his mediation in the Russo-Japanese War.罗斯福，狄奥多尔：(1858-1919) 美国第二十六任总统(1901-1909年），他是美西战争的中心人物，曾任纽约州州长(1899-1900年）并在威廉·麦金利被暗杀后(1901年9月）继任总统。他的政策以调节托拉斯集团、建筑巴拿马运河及对外奉行“说话和气，手持大棒”为显著特征。他因调停俄日战争而获1906年度诺贝尔和平奖〔Carter〕The 39th President of the United States (1977-1981), who is credited with establishing energy-conservation measures, concluding the Panama Canal treaties (1978), and negotiating the Camp David accords between Egypt and Israel (1979).卡特，小詹姆斯·厄尔：(生于 1924) 美国第39任总统（1977-1981年），以采取能源保护措施、签署《巴拿马运河条约》（1978年）及商议签订埃及和以色列之间的《戴维营协议》（1979年）而知名〔Grant〕The 18th President of the United States (1869-1877) and a Civil War general. After his victorious Vicksburg campaign (1862-1863), he was made commander in chief of the Union Army (1864) and accepted the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee at Appomattox (1865). Grant's two-term presidency was marred by widespread graft and corruption.格兰特，尤利西斯·辛普森：(1822-1885) 美国第十八任总统（1869-1877年）和内战时期的将领。 在威克斯堡战役（ 1862-1863年）中获胜后，他被任命为联邦军队总司令（1864年）并接受了罗伯特·李将军在阿波马托克斯的投降（1865年）。其两届总统任期因普遍的贪污和腐化而遭到非议〔Calles〕Mexican general and politician whose presidency (1924-1928) was marked by economic reforms and struggles between church and state.卡列斯，普卢塔科·埃利亚斯：(1877-1945) 墨西哥将军和政治家，他任总统期间（1924年到1928年）实行了经济改革和教会与国家间的斗争 |
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