| 单词 | 伊斯兰 |
| 释义 | 〔Turk〕A Moslem.穆斯林，伊斯兰教徒〔Khomeini〕Iranian Shiite leader and head of state (1979-1989). Arrested (1963) and exiled (1964) for his opposition to Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi's regime, he returned to Iran on the shah's downfall (1979) and established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers. His reign was marked by a return to strict observance of the Islamic code.霍梅尼，卢霍拉：(1900-1989) 伊朗伊斯兰教什叶派领袖和国家元首（1979-1989年）。因反对沙·穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维的统治而被捕（1963年）和流放（1964年），沙被颠覆后回到伊朗（1979年）并创立了一个赋于他自己最高权利的新宪法。他的统治以重新严格遵守伊斯兰教义为标志〔kiblah〕The direction facing the Kaaba, toward which Moslems look when praying.朝拜方向：伊斯兰教徒礼拜时所面对的卡巴清真寺方向〔Eblis〕The principal evil spirit or devil of Islamic mythology.埃不里斯魔王：伊斯兰神话中的恶魔头或魔鬼〔Bamako〕The capital and largest city of Mali, in the southwest on the Niger River. It was a leading center of Moslem learning under the Mali empire (c. 11th-15th century). Population, 502,000.巴马科：马里的首都和最大城市，位于尼罗河畔的西南部。它是马里帝国（公元11-15世纪）统治下的伊斯兰学的主导中心。人口502,000〔Saracen〕A member of a pre-Islamic nomadic people of the Syrian-Arabian deserts.撒拉逊人：叙利亚-阿拉伯沙漠地区伊斯兰时代以前的游牧民族的一支〔sultan〕A ruler of a Moslem country, especially of the former Ottoman Empire.苏丹：伊斯兰国家的最高统治者，特指前奥斯曼帝国的最高统治者〔mufti〕A Moslem scholar who interprets the shari’a.伊斯兰学者：解释伊斯兰教义的伊斯兰学者〔Mussulman〕A Moslem.穆斯林：伊斯兰教徒〔pagan〕One who is not a Christian, Moslem, or Jew; a heathen.异教徒：基督教、犹太教或伊斯兰教徒以外的人；异教徒〔assassin〕At first glance, one would be hard-pressed to find a link between pleasure and the acts of assassins.Such was not the case, however, with those who gave us the wordassassin. They were members of a secret Islamic order originating in the 11th centurywho believed it was a religious duty to harass and murder their enemies.The most important members of the order were those who actually did the killing.Having been promised paradise in return for dying in action, the killers,it is said, were made to yearn for paradise by being given a life of pleasure that included the use of hashish.Hence, the name for the secret order as a whole,ḥaššāšīn, "hashish users.” After passing through French or Italian, the word came into English and is recorded in 1603 with reference to the Moslem assassins.开始接触这个词，可能不容易看出暗杀者的乐趣与行为的联系。但是，对于给我们assassin 这个词的人来说，并不是这样。 他们是伊斯兰秘密团体的成员，该团体源自11世纪，他们认为骚扰并杀死他们的敌人是他们的宗教义务。该团体中最重要的成员是实际行使暗杀者。由于暗杀者被许诺进入天堂以作为对可能在行动中被杀的回报，据说为促使他们对天堂的热切渴望，先给予他们一种包括使用大麻麻醉剂乐趣的生活。这样hassasin “大麻使用者”就成了该秘密团体的名称。 这个词经过法语或意大利语进入英语，1603年记录下来，指穆斯林暗杀者。〔Islamize〕To cause to conform to Islamic law or precepts.使…遵从伊斯兰的法律或准则〔Islamicist〕A member or supporter of an Islamic revivalist movement; an Islamist.回教徒：伊斯兰复兴运动的成员或支持者，回教徒〔marabou〕French marabout [Moslem hermit, marabout] * see marabout 1法语 marabout [穆斯林隐士，北非伊斯兰隐士] * 参见 marabout1〔salaam〕A respectful ceremonial greeting performed especially in Islamic countries.额手礼：尤指伊斯兰国家相互问候的礼节性的致意〔Mohammedanism〕The religion of Moslems; Islam.穆斯林宗教；伊斯兰〔Sulu〕A member of a Moslem people inhabiting the Sulu Archipelago.苏禄人：居住在苏禄群岛的一个伊斯兰民族的成员〔Qaddafi〕Libyan political leader who seized power in a military coup d'état against the Libyan monarchy (1969) and imposed socialist policies and Islamic orthodoxy on the country.卡扎菲，穆埃玛·阿尔：(生于 1942) 利比亚政治领袖，在一场反对利比亚君主专政(1969年）的军事政变中，夺取了政权并向国民强制施行社会主义政策和伊斯兰正统思想〔Acre〕A port of northern Israel on the Bay of Haifa. During the Crusades it changed hands many times between Christians and Moslems. Acre was ceded to the Arabs in the United Nations partition of Palestine in 1948 but was captured by Israel shortly thereafter. Population, 37,700.艾可：以色列北部海法湾上一港口，在十字军东征时期被基督徒和伊斯兰教徒轮番控制。艾可港在1948年被在联合国的巴勒斯坦人的代表割让给了阿拉伯人，但不久之后即被以色列人占领。人口37,700〔imam〕A ruler claiming descent from Mohammed and exercising authority in an Islamic state.伊玛目：声称继承穆罕默德并在一个伊斯兰国家行使权力的一个统治者〔mihrab〕An undecorated oblong space in the middle of a Moslem prayer rug, pointed toward Mecca during worship.米哈拉布：伊斯兰教徒祈祷时所跪的垫子中央不加装饰的长方形部分，在祈祷中指向麦加方向〔Rabi〕Either the third or the fourth month of the year in the Moslem calendar. See table at calendar 回教历的第三或第四个月：伊斯兰历法中一年的第三个或第四个月份 参见 calendar〔Caesarea〕 or Also Caesarea Pal.e.sti.nae [păl'ĭ-stīʹnē] An ancient seaport of Palestine south of present-day Haifa, Israel. It was founded (30b.c. ) by Herod the Great and later became the capital of Roman Judea. The city was destroyed by Moslems in 1265. 或 也作 Caesarea Pal.e.sti.nae [păl'ĭ-stīʹnē] 卡萨里亚：巴勒斯坦的一个古海港，位于今以色列海法的南部。由希律大帝建于（公元前 30年），后来成为罗马犹地亚的首都。该城于1265年被伊斯兰教徒摧毁 〔faithful〕The practicing members of a religious faith, especially of Christianity or Islam:信徒：职业教徒，尤指基督教或伊斯兰教徒：〔ulema〕Moslem scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law.乌里玛：接受伊斯兰教和伊斯兰法律训练的〔Islam〕The civilization based on Islam.伊斯兰文明：以伊斯兰教为基础的文明〔imprint〕Spanish architecture that shows the imprint of Islamic rule.留着伊斯兰统治的印记的西班牙建筑〔Fatima〕Daughter of the Islamic prophet Mohammed. She married Ali, among the first to embrace Islam, and is considered by Moslems to be one of the Four Perfect Women.法蒂玛：伊斯兰先知穆罕默德的女儿。她嫁给了首批皈依伊斯兰教的阿里，被穆斯林认为是四个完美女人之一〔Kazakh〕A member of a pastoral Moslem people inhabiting Kazakhstan and parts of Xinjiang Uygur in China.哈萨克人：居住在哈萨克斯坦和中国新疆维吾尔部分地区的游牧的伊斯兰教徒〔Mohammedan〕Of or relating to Mohammed or Islam; Moslem.穆罕默德的，伊斯兰的，穆斯林的：属于或有关穆罕默德或伊斯兰的；穆斯林的〔imam〕In law and theology, the caliph who is successor to Mohammed as the lawful supreme leader of the Islamic community.伊玛目：在法律和神学上，哈利发是作为伊斯兰社会合法的最高领袖的穆罕默德的继承者〔Arab〕A member of a Semitic people inhabiting Arabia, whose language and Islamic religion spread widely throughout the Middle East and northern Africa from the seventh century.阿拉伯人：居住于阿位伯半岛的闪族人的一个成员，自7世纪以来其语言及伊斯兰宗教信仰广泛传播于中东及北非 |
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