| 单词 | 估计 |
| 释义 | 〔calculation〕Careful, often cunning estimation and planning of likely outcomes, especially to advance one's own interests.深思熟虑：认真的、常是机敏的对可能结果的估计和计划，特指为提高个人的利益〔judge〕judge heights; judging character.估计高度；判断性格〔appraise〕To estimate the quality, amount, size, and other features of; judge.See Synonyms at estimate 估量：估计质量、数量、规模或其他特征；评判 参见 estimate〔allowance〕A consideration for possibilities or modifying circumstances:考虑，估计：对某些可能性或可改变的情况的考虑：〔projection〕A prediction or an estimate of something in the future, based on present data or trends.预测，估计：基于当前资料或趋势的预言或对将来事物的估计〔worst〕Under the most negative circumstances, estimation, or interpretation:在最坏的形式下：在最恶劣的环境，在最保守的估计下，在最不利的解释下：〔reason〕 Judgment is the ability to assess situations or circumstances and draw sound conclusions: Judgment 是对形势或环境的估计并作出正确结论的能力： 〔judge〕One who makes estimates as to worth, quality, or fitness:鉴定人，鉴赏家：对于价值、质量、或是否适当等作估计判断的人：〔modest〕Having or showing a moderate estimation of one's own talents, abilities, and value.谨慎的：有或显示出一种对于自己的才华，能力或价值的适当的估计的〔heft〕To lift (something) in order to judge or estimate its weight.举起以掂重量：手持（某物）以便判断或估计其重量〔aim〕and from Old French aesmer from Vulgar Latin *ad estimāre Latin ad- [ad-] Latin aestimāre [to estimate] 并源自 古法语 aesmer 源自 俗拉丁语 *ad estimāre 拉丁语 ad- [前缀，表“朝向”] 拉丁语 aestimāre [评估；估计] 〔estimate〕 Estimate usually implies a subjective and somewhat inexact judgment: Estimate 通常暗指主格的，多多少少有些不准确的估计： 〔compute〕putāre [to reckon] * see peu- putāre [估计] * 参见 peu- 〔scale〕To estimate or measure the quantity of lumber in (logs or uncut trees).估计：以（原木或未砍之树）估计或计算木材的数量〔estimate〕To calculate approximately (the amount, extent, magnitude, position, or value of something).推测，估计：恰当地推测（物品的数量、程度、规模，状况或价值）〔pragmatism〕A practical, matter-of-fact way of approaching or assessing situations or of solving problems.实用性，实用观点：分析、估计形势或解决问题的实际的、可行的方法〔cost〕past tense and past participle costed To estimate or determine the cost of:过去式和过去分词 costed 估价：估计或决定…价格：〔ballpark〕Your estimate is right in the ballpark.你的估计近乎正确〔standard〕The central meaning shared by these nouns is "a point of reference against which individuals are compared and evaluated": 这些名词所共有的意思是“个人用来比较和估计的参照”： 〔bogey〕An estimated standard golf score.标准打数：高尔夫球每洞的估计标准杆数〔sense〕Intuitive or acquired perception or ability to estimate:直觉，意识：直觉的或已获得的估计的领悟力或能力：〔size〕To make an estimate, an opinion, a judgment of:估计：做出一种估计、看法或判断：〔senile〕In earlier writings one finds phrases such as "asenile maturity of judgment" and "green and vigorous senility, ” demonstrating that these two words have not always been burdened with their current negative connotations. Senile and senility are examples of pejoration, the process by which a word's meaning changes for the worse over time.Even thoughsenile (first recorded in 1661) and senility (first recorded in 1778) initially had neutral senses such as "pertaining to old age,” it is probable that the weakness (in particular the mental weakness) that sometimes accompanies old age eventually caused negative senses to predominate.Certainly some pejorative associations were present in Latinsenīlis, "relating to an old man, aged,” the ultimate source of both words, and in related Latin words such assenēscere, which could mean "to deteriorate with age.” But it seems that pejorative associations have taken over these words in English through general usage,perhaps because average life expectancy has risen steadily over the years.在较早的文学作品中人们可以找到形如“判断力Senile（老练） 成熟”和“精力旺盛的有魄力的 Senility（老态龙钟） ”的短语，表明这两个词一直没有表示他们流行的消极的含义。 Senile 和 senility 是词义转贬的范例， 即一个词的意思随时间变化变得越来越坏。尽管senile （首次记载于1661年）和 senility （首次记载于1778年）最初具有中性的意义，例如“关于老年的”， 可能是伴随老年出现的衰弱（特别是智力衰弱）最终导致了反面的意思居支配地位。当然有一些词义转贬的联系表现在拉丁文中的senilis （“关于老人的，老年的”），是这两个词的最早的词源， 和与之相关的拉丁词如senecer ，意为“随年纪恶化”。 但是看起来在英语中通过广泛的使用词义转贬的联系已经取代了这些词，可能是由于平均估计寿命随时代发展稳步上升〔overestimate〕To estimate too highly.过高估计：估计得太高〔level〕came to a level appraisal of the situation; keeps a level head in an emergency.合理地估计形势；在紧急情况，保持冷静的头脑〔with〕In the opinion or estimation of:以…的观点或估计：〔make〕To calculate as being; estimate:估计是；估算：〔estimate〕difficult to estimate the possible results in advance;很难估计正在发展的事物的结果；〔presale〕presale estimates; presale exhibitions.售前的估计；售前展览〔locomotive〕"It may be that the founding fathers overestimated the locomotive force of the collective and mutual self-interest"(Ian Davidson)“开国功勋们可能过高地估计了集体的和相互的个人利益所能起的推动作用”(伊安·戴维森)〔misvalue〕To value or estimate incorrectly, especially to undervalue:低估：错误地估计或评估，尤指低估：〔trumpery〕Deception; trickery; fraud.欺骗；估计；欺诈〔extrapolate〕To infer or estimate by extending or projecting known information.推断：通过对已知信息的伸展和扩充进行推断或估计〔calculation〕An estimate based on probabilities.估计：基于概率的一种估计〔gauge〕A means of estimating or evaluating; a test:评估：估计或评价的一种方式；评估：〔value〕To rate according to relative estimate of worth or desirability; evaluate:评价：根据对价值或需求的相对估计而评价；给…定价：〔stocktaking〕A reappraisal of a situation, a person, or one's own position or prospects.重估：对于某种形势，某个人或某人自己的地位或前景的估计〔underrun〕An amount or a quantity produced that is less than what has been estimated.低于估计的产量或数量〔put〕We put the time at five o'clock.我们估计时间是在五点钟〔underestimate〕To make too low an estimate of the quantity, degree, or worth of.对…估价过低：过低估计…的数量，程度或价值 |
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