| 单词 | 侵略 |
| 释义 | 〔beachhead〕A position on an enemy shoreline captured by troops in advance of an invading force.滩头堡，登陆场：在侵略部队之前军队占领的敌方海岸线上的一个位置〔Mortimer〕Welsh rebel and lover of Edward II's wife, Isabella (1292-1358), with whom he raised an army to invade England from France (1326). They deposed Edward (1327) and ruled until 1330, when Edward III seized power and Mortimer was condemned to death by Parliament.摩蒂马，罗杰·德：(1287-1330) 威尔士反叛者和爱德华二世王后伊莎贝拉（1292-1358年）的情夫，两人一起募军从法国侵略英格兰（1326年）。他们把爱德华赶下台（1327年）并且一直统治到1330年，当爱德华三世重获王位后，摩蒂马被议院判处死刑〔Bourbon〕French general who served Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, led a failed invasion of France (1524), and was killed while leading a German-Spanish assault on Rome.波旁，查尔斯·德：(1490-1527) 神圣罗马帝国查理五世时的法国将军，领导过一次侵略法兰西遭致失败（1524年），在一次领导袭击罗马城的日耳曼-西班牙战争中阵亡〔Manchukuo〕A former state of eastern Asia in Manchuria and eastern Nei Monggol (Inner Mongolia). It was established as a puppet state (1932) after the Japanese invaded Manchuria in 1931 and was returned to Chinese sovereignty in 1945.满洲国：历史上亚洲东部的一个国家，包括满洲和内蒙古（内蒙古）东部。1931年日本侵略满洲以后，它作为一个傀儡国家建立(1932年）。1945年主权归还给中国〔Moor〕One of the Moslems who invaded Spain in the 8th century and established a civilization in Andalusia that lasted until the late 15th century.摩尔人：在公元8世纪侵略西班牙的穆斯林人成员之一，直到15世纪晚期才在安达卢西亚建立文明社会〔invasion〕from invāsus [past participle of] invādere [to invade] * see invade 源自 invāsus invādere的过去分词 [侵略] * 参见 invade〔Miskolc〕A city of northeast Hungary northeast of Budapest. A major industrial center, it was invaded by Mongols in the 13th century, by Turks in the 16th and 17th centuries, and by German imperial forces in the 17th and 18th centuries. Population, 211,645.米什科尔茨：匈牙利东北部一城市，位于布达佩斯东北方。是主要的工业中心。13世纪遭蒙古人侵略，16世纪、17世纪为土耳其人所占，17世纪、18世纪又被德意志帝国军队侵占。人口211,645〔Caucasus〕A region of southeast European U.S.S.R. between the Black and Caspian seas. Inhabited before 2000b.c. , it was the scene of countless invasions over the millenniums. The region's vast oil resources were a major German objective in World War II. 高加索：苏联欧洲部分东南部的地区，位于黑海与里海之间。公元前 2000年前便有人居住，它是上演了无数次在太平盛世遭受侵略的舞台。该地区丰富的石油资源是二次大战中德国的一个主要目标 〔filibuster〕To take part in a private military action in a foreign country.擅自对外侵略：在外国参与一项秘密军事行动〔inroad〕A hostile invasion; a raid.袭击：一场恶意的侵略；一场袭击〔Scotland〕A constituent country of the United Kingdom comprising the northern part of the island of Great Britain and the Hebrides, Shetland Islands, and Orkney Islands. Inhabited by Picts in prehistoric times, the region was invaded but never conquered by the Romans and split into a variety of small kingdoms after the fifth centurya.d. . In the ninth century most of Scotland was unified into one kingdom, but conflicts with the English to the south soon erupted, leading to a series of bloody wars. When Mary Queen of Scots's son James VI succeeded to the English throne in 1603, the two kingdoms were united. Scotland became a part of the kingdom of Great Britain by a parliamentary act of 1707. Edinburgh is the capital and Glasgow the largest city. Population, 5,149,500. 苏格兰：英国的一个选区，它包括大不列颠岛北部、赫布里底群岛、设得兰群岛和奥克尼群岛。史前时代皮克特人曾居住在那里，它曾被罗马人侵略过但从来没有被占领，在公元 5世纪后分裂成许多小的王国。到了9世纪，绝大部分苏格兰都被合并成一个国家，但是与英国人在南方的冲突很快就爆发了，从而导致了一系列血腥战争。当苏格兰王子詹姆斯六世的玛丽女王在1603年继承了英国王位后，这两个国家合并了。通过1707的议会法案，苏格兰成为大英帝国的一部分。爱丁堡是其首府，格拉斯哥是最大的城市。人口5,149,500 〔Kennedy〕The 35th President of the United States (1961-1963). A U.S. representative (1947-1953) and senator (1953-1960) from Massachusetts, he became the youngest man elected to the presidency (1960). Kennedy approved the failed invasion of the Bay of Pigs (1961) and forced Khrushchev to remove Soviet missiles from Cuba (1962). He also established the Peace Corps (1961) and advocated civil rights reform. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963.肯尼迪，约翰·菲茨杰拉德：(1917-1963) 美国第三十五任总统（1961-1963年）。曾任美国国会议员（1947-1953年）和马萨诸塞州议员（1953-1960年），他成为当选总统的最年轻的人（1960年）。肯尼迪同意侵略猪湾（1961年）但失败，迫使赫鲁晓夫从古巴撤出苏联导弹。他建立了和平军队（1961年）并倡议平民权利改革。于1963年11月22日在得克萨斯州达拉斯遇刺〔incursion〕An aggressive entrance into foreign territory; a raid or an invasion.侵犯：具有侵略性地进入外国领土；袭击或侵略〔outlaw〕The wordoutlaw brings to mind cattle rustlers and gunslingers of the Wild West, but it comes to us from a much earlier time,when guns were not yet inventedbut cattle stealing was.Outlaw can be traced back to the Old Norse word ūtlagr, "outlawed, banished,” made up ofūt, "out,” and lög, "law.” Anūtlagi (derived from ūtlagr ) was someone outside the protection of the law. The Scandinavians, who invaded and settled in England during the 8th through the 11th century, gave us the Old English wordūtlaga, which designated someone who because of criminal acts must give up his property to the crown and could be killed without recrimination.The legal status of the outlaw became less severe over the course of the Middle Ages.However, the looser use of the word to designate criminals in general, which arose in Middle English, lives on in tales of the Wild West.单词outlaw 使人联想到美国西部的偷牛贼和持枪歹徒， 然而在此之前很早这词就已存在了，那时枪还没有发明出来，但已有偷牛贼了。Outlaw 可溯源到古斯堪的纳维亚语 utlagr， 意为“非法的，被放逐的”， 由ut 意为“在…外”和 log 意为“法律”组成。 Utlagi （从 utlagr 衍生而来）形容不受法律保护的人。 在8世纪到11世纪间侵略并定居于英格兰的斯堪的纳维亚人创造了古英语词utlaga， 指由于犯罪行为而必须把财产献给皇家并且即使被杀死也不能反诉。在中世纪时期被放逐者的法律地位不如以前那么严格了。然而中世纪英语中兴起的命名罪犯总称的这种宽松用法在美国西部的传说中仍然存在〔oppose〕"Pardon was freely extended to all who had resisted the invasion" (John R. Green). “赦免所有抵制侵略的人们” （约翰R·格林）。 〔Alfred〕King of the West Saxons (871-899), scholar, and lawmaker who repelled the Danes and helped consolidate England into a unified kingdom.阿尔弗烈德：英格兰韦塞克斯王国国王（871-899年）、学者及立法者，曾击败了丹麦人的侵略并使英格兰成为统一的王国〔invade〕To overrun as if by invading; infest:大批进入：象侵略似的横行于；大批出没于：〔Skanderbeg〕Albanian military leader who repelled numerous Turkish invasions, maintaining Albanian independence until his death.斯坎德培：阿尔巴尼亚军事统领，曾多次击败土耳其人的侵略，使阿尔巴尼亚在他生前保持独立〔perform〕Greater benefits can be achieved through diplomatic channels than by acts of aggression.通过外交渠道要比侵略方式获得更大的利益。〔invade〕To enter by force in order to conquer or pillage.侵略：以武力进入以便征服或掠夺〔aggressor〕One that engages in aggression.侵略者；挑衅者：涉及侵略的人〔pivotal〕"Its pivotal location has also exposed it to periodic invasions"(Henry A. Kissinger)“其地点的重要性也使得它周期性地遭受侵略”(亨利A.基辛格)〔occupation〕Invasion, conquest, and control of a nation or territory by foreign armed forces.侵略：外国军队对一个国家或其边境的侵略、征服和控制〔nativism〕The reestablishment or perpetuation of native cultural traits, especially in opposition to acculturation.排外主义：重建本地文化特性并使其永垂不朽，尤其反对文化侵略〔Pigs〕A small inlet of the Caribbean Sea on the southern coast of western Cuba. It was the site of an ill-fated invasion on April 17, 1961, when a force of 1,500 U.S.-trained guerrilla troops landed in an attempt to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro.猪湾：加勒比海的一个小海湾，位于古巴西部的南部海岸。它是1961年4月17日一次注定要失败的侵略的入侵地，当时美国训练的一千五百支游击队登陆，企图颠覆菲德尔·卡斯特罗的政府〔invasion〕The act of invading, especially the entrance of an armed force into a territory to conquer.入侵：侵略的动作，特指武装力量进入领土进行征服的行为〔jackbooted〕"a revival of the aggressive, jack-booted militarism of the Thirties and Forties"(Saturday Review)“三、四十年代侵略和暴力的军国主义复活”(星期六评论)〔Asmara〕A city of northern Ethiopia near the Red Sea at an altitude of about 2,227 m (7,300 ft). It was used as a base for the Italian invasion of Ethiopia (1935-1936). Population, 474,241.阿斯马拉：埃塞俄比亚东部一城市，靠近红海，海拔约2,227米（7,300英尺），曾作为意大利侵略埃塞俄比亚的一个基地（1935-1936年）。人口474,241〔Numidia〕An ancient country of northwest Africa corresponding roughly to present-day Algeria. It was part of the Carthaginian empire before the Punic Wars and became a separate kingdom after 201b.c. Conquered by Rome in 46 b.c. and invaded by the Vandals in the fifth century a.d. , Numidia was overrun by the Arabs in the eighth century. 努米底亚：非洲西北部的一个古国，大致在今天的阿尔及利亚。在古迦太基战争前是迦太基帝国的一部分，公元前 20年成为独立王国， 公元前 46年被罗马征服， 公元后 5世纪被汪达尔人侵略，8世纪大批阿拉伯人来到努米底亚 〔geopolitics〕A Nazi doctrine holding that the geographic, economic, and political needs of Germany justified its invasion and seizure of other lands.生存空间说：一种法西斯学说，以德国对地理、经济和政治的需要证明其侵略和掠夺别国是正确的〔Xanthus〕An ancient city of Lycia in present-day southwest Turkey. It was besieged and taken by the Persians (c. 546b.c. ) and the Romans (c. 42 b.c. ). Both times the residents destroyed the city before surrendering. 桑索斯：古代利西亚城市，位于现今土耳其的西南部，公元前 546年被波斯侵略并占领，于 公元前 42年又被罗马人占领，在两次城陷前居民都毁掉了城市 〔Hyksos〕A Semitic people who invaded Egypt and ruled it during the 17th and 16th centuriesb.c. They introduced the horse and chariot into Egypt. 西克索人：于公元前 十六至十七世纪侵略并统治埃及的闪族人，他们并将马匹及战车引进埃及 〔invasive〕from Latin invāsus [past participle of] invādere [to invade] * see invade 源自 拉丁语 invāsus invādere的过去分词 [侵略] * 参见 invade〔tough〕Aggressive; pugnacious.侵略的；好战的〔aggression〕The act of initiating hostilities or invasion.侵犯；侵略；挑衅：发动敌对行为或侵略举动〔aggress〕To initiate an attack, a war, a quarrel, or a fight:侵犯；侵略；挑衅：发动攻击、战争、争吵或战斗： |
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