| 单词 | 俄国 |
| 释义 | 〔Goldman〕Russian-born American anarchist. Jailed repeatedly for her advocacy of birth control and opposition to military conscription, she was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919. Her writings includeMy Disillusionment in Russia (1923) and Living My Life (1931). 戈德曼，爱玛：(1869-1940) 俄籍美国无政府主义者，由于鼓吹节育和反对征兵制而多次入狱，1919年她被遣送回苏联。著作有《我在俄国的幻灭》 （1923年）和 《我的一生》 （1931年） 〔Lubavitcher〕A member of a Hasidic community founded in Russia in the late 18th century that stresses the importance of religious study.虔敬派：18世纪后期在俄国建立的虔敬派团体的一员，强调宗教研究的重要性〔Khachaturian〕Russian composer of Armenian parentage whose works include concertos for piano and violin, symphonies, and ballets, such asGayane (1942). 哈恰图良，艾拉姆·伊利切：(1903-1978) 出身亚美尼亚的俄国作曲家，作品包括钢琴和小提琴协奏曲、交响乐和芭蕾舞曲，如《加扬》 （1942年） 〔Pushkin〕Russian writer who wrote the novelEugene Onegin (1831), the play Boris Godunov (1831), and many narrative and lyrical poems and short stories. 普希金，亚历山大·塞尔戈维奇：(1799-1837) 俄国作家，他创作了小说《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》 （1831年），剧本 《鲍里斯·戈都诺夫》 （1831年），以及许多叙事性和散文性诗和短篇小说 〔Vitebsk〕A city of western European U.S.S.R. on the Western Dvina River northeast of Minsk. First mentioned in 1021, it passed to Russia in 1772 and is now a port, railroad junction, and processing center. Population, 335,000.维捷布斯克：苏联西欧部分一城市，位于明斯克东北部的西德维纳河畔。首次提及于1021年，1772年划归俄国，现在是一港口、铁路枢纽和加工中心。人口335,000〔Kerensky〕Russian revolutionary who was appointed the head of government (July 1917) after the abdication of Nicholas II but was overthrown by the Bolsheviks (October 1917) for his moderate policies.克伦斯基，亚历山大·费奥德罗维奇：(1881-1970) 俄国革命者，尼古拉二世退位后被任命为政府首脑（1917年7月），但由于他的温和政策而被布尔什维克人推翻（1917年10月）〔Ossetia〕A region of the central Caucasus in southern European U.S.S.R. The area was annexed by Russia between 1801 and 1806 and is now split into an autonomous republic in the north and an autonomous oblast in the south.奥塞梯：苏联欧洲部分南部、高加索中部一地区。此地区于1801-1806年间被俄国兼并，现已分裂，在北方为一个自治共和国，在南方则为一个自治州〔Vyborg〕A city of northwest European U.S.S.R. northwest of Leningrad on the Gulf of Finland near the Finnish border. A Swedish castle was built here in 1293 and captured by Russian forces in 1710. Population, 80,000.维堡：苏联欧洲部分西北部一城市，濒临列宁格勒西北的芬兰湾且临近芬兰边界。1293年一个瑞典城堡建于此，1710年被俄国军队占领。人口80,000〔Tartu〕A city of northwest European U.S.S.R. in Estonia southeast of Tallinn. Founded in 1030, it was a member of the Hanseatic League and became part of Russia in 1704. Population, 111,000.塔图：原苏联欧洲部分西北部一城市，位于爱沙尼亚境内，塔林东南部。它建城于1030年，曾是汉萨同盟的成员国，在1704年成为俄国的一部分。人口111,000〔Seward〕American politician who as U.S. secretary of state (1861-1869) arranged the purchase of Alaska from Russia (1867), a transaction long known as "Seward's Folly.”苏华德，威廉·亨利：(1801-1872) 美国政治家，作为美国国务卿(1861-1869年）安排了从俄国购买阿拉斯加省 (1867年），该项购买长期以来被称作“苏华德的愚蠢”〔Mendeleev〕Russian chemist who first devised and published the periodic table of the elements (1869).门捷列夫，季米特里·伊凡诺维奇：(1834-1907) 俄国化学家，是第一个设计并出版元素周期表的人(1869年）〔Karelia〕A region of northeast Europe mainly in the northwest U.S.S.R. between the Gulf of Finland and the White Sea. First mentioned in the ninth century, the area later came under Swedish domination and was annexed by Russia in 1721.卡累利河：欧洲东北部一地区，主要位于苏联西北部，在芬兰湾和白海之间。该地区在9世纪时首次被提及，后来受瑞典人的统治，1721年被俄国并吞〔Murom〕A city of west-central European U.S.S.R. on the Oka River southwest of Gorky. One of the oldest cities in Russia, it was first mentioned in a chronicle of 862. Population, 121,000.穆罗姆：苏联欧洲部分中西部城市，位于高尔基西南俄喀河沿岸。是俄国最古老的城市之一，在862年编年史中首次提到。人口121,000〔Frank〕Russian physicist. He shared a 1958 Nobel Prize for work leading to the development of a cosmic-ray counter.弗兰克，伊里亚·米哈伊洛维奇：(生于 1908) 俄国物理学家。因为他的工作使宇宙射线计算器得以发展所以获得1958年诺贝尔奖〔samarskite〕After Col. M. von Samarski , 19th-century Russian mining official 源自卡尔·M·冯 撒玛斯基 ，19世纪俄国采矿官员 〔Lermontov〕Russian writer who is remembered for the novelA Hero of Our Time (1840) and his many poems. He died in a duel. 莱蒙托夫，米克海尔·尤里耶维奇：(1814-1841) 俄国作家。因其小说《当代英雄》 （1840年）和众多诗作而受到纪念。他死于一场决斗 〔Novgorod〕A city of northwest European U.S.S.R. south-southeast of Leningrad. One of the oldest cities in Russia, it was strategically and economically important in the Middle Ages because of its location on the chief trade routes of eastern Europe. The city was overrun by Moscow in 1478 and lost its commercial dominance to St. Petersburg after 1703. Population, 220,000.诺夫哥罗德：欧洲西北苏联内的城市，在列宁格勒的东南偏南。俄国最古老的城市之一，在中世纪时曾因其在东欧主要商路上的位置而占有重要的战略和经济地位。1478年被莫斯科吞并，1703年之后其商业统治地位让与圣彼得斯堡。人口220,000〔Belorussia〕A region of eastern Europe east of Poland, south of Lithuania and Latvia, and north of the Ukraine. It was long disputed between Poland and Russia.白俄罗斯：波兰以东的欧洲东部地区，位于立陶宛和拉脱维亚以南，乌克兰以北。长久以来一直为波兰和俄国所争夺〔Lenin〕Russian founder of the Bolsheviks, leader of the Russian Revolution (1917), and first head of the U.S.S.R. (1917-1924). As a communist theoretician Lenin held that workers could not develop a revolutionary consciousness without the guidance of a vanguard party and that imperialism was a particular stage of capitalist development.列宁，弗拉基米尔·伊里奇：(1870-1924) 苏联布尔什维克的缔造者，俄国十月革命(1917年）的领导者，是前苏联的第一任领导人(1917-1924年）。作为一名共产主义的理论家，列宁认为：没有先驱政党的指导，工人就不能发展革命意识；帝国主义是资本主义发展过程中的一个特殊阶段〔Grozny〕A city of southwest Russia southwest of Astrakhan. It is the center of extensive oil fields discovered in 1893. Population, 393,000.格罗兹尼：俄国西南部的一城市，位于阿斯特拉罕西南。为1893年发现的大面积油田的中心。人口393,000〔Clay〕American abolitionist and public official who was minister to Russia (1861-1862 and 1863-1869).克雷，卡修斯·马尔塞鲁斯：(1810-1903) 美国废奴主义者、外交官，曾任驻俄国公使（1861-1862和1863-1869年）〔Tashkent〕A city of southern Central Asian U.S.S.R. west-southwest of Alma-Ata. One of the oldest cities of central Asia, it was ruled by Arabs and then Turks until 1865, when it was annexed by Russia. Population, 2,030,000.塔什干：原苏联中亚部分南部一城市，位于阿拉木图西南偏西方。它是中亚地区最古老的城市之一，曾被阿拉伯人统治过，后又被突厥人统治至1865年，同年俄国将其并入自己的版图。人口2,030,000〔Yesenin〕Russian poet whose works lament the passing of rural life in Russia.叶赛宁，谢尔盖·亚历山德罗夫：(1895-1925) 俄国诗人，他的诗作哀叹俄国乡村生活的消逝〔Pavlov〕Russian physiologist who is best known for discovering the conditioned response. He won a 1904 Nobel Prize for research on the nature of digestion.巴甫洛夫，伊凡·彼得洛维奇：(1849-1936) 俄国生理学家，因发现条件反射而著名，他1904年因在研究消化作用的特征方面的贡献而获诺贝尔奖〔Blok〕Russian poet. Considered Russia's greatest symbolist poet, he is particularly noted for his lyrics, verse dramas, and long poemThe Twelve (1918). 布罗克，亚历山大·亚历山德罗维奇：(1880-1921) 俄国诗人。他被认为是俄罗斯最伟大的象征主义诗人，他尤以抒情诗、诗体戏剧和长诗而著名，如《十二个》 （1918年） 〔Zhitomir〕A city of southwest European U.S.S.R. west of Kiev. First mentioned in 1240, it was a way station on the trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, passed to Lithuania (1320) and Poland (1569), and was incorporated into Russia in the late 1770's. Population, 275,000.日托米尔：是苏联西南欧部分一城市，位于基辅的西部。第一次提到是在1240年，是斯堪的纳维亚和君士坦丁堡之间商路上的一个小站，1320年转让给立陶宛，1569年转让给波兰，18世纪70年代后期并入俄国，人口275,000〔yoke〕14th-century Russia under the Tartar yoke; the yoke of drug addiction.14世纪处于鞑靼人奴役下的俄国；毒瘾的束缚〔Gamow〕Russian-born American nuclear physicist known for his work on radioactivity and genetic information as well as his books popularizing theories of physics.伽莫夫，乔治：(1904-1968) 俄国裔的美国核物理学家，因在射线遗传信息方面的研究和有关普及物理理论的书籍而闻名于世〔Dostoyevsky〕Russian writer whose works combine religious mysticism with profound psychological insight. His four great novels areCrime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1868-1869), The Possessed (1871), and The Brothers Karamazov (1879-1880). 杜斯妥也夫斯基，费奥多·米哈伊洛维奇：(1821-1881) 俄国作家，其作品兼有宗教神秘色彩和对生理方面的深奥见解。他的四部最有名的小说分别为《罪与罚》 （1866年） 《白痴》 、（1868-1869年） 《着魔》 、（1871年）和 《卡拉马助夫兄弟们》 （1879-1880年） 〔Meir〕Russian-born Israeli politician. After living in the United States (1906-1921), she moved to Palestine and later served as minister of labor (1949-1956), foreign minister (1956-1966), and prime minister (1969-1974) of Israel.梅耶，戈尔达：(1898-1978) 俄国裔以色列政治家。于1906年至1921年居于美国之后，她移居巴勒斯坦。后来历任以色列劳动部长(1949-1956年）、外交部长(1956-1966年）及总理(1969-1974年）〔pood〕A Russian unit of weight equivalent to about 16.4 kilograms (36.1 pounds) avoirdupois.普特：俄国重量单位，相当于约16.4公斤（即36.1磅）〔Berdyaev〕Russian philosopher whose spiritual ideals undercut his Marxist leanings and led to his expulsion from the Soviet Union (1922). His works includeThe Spiritual Crisis of the Intelligentsia (1910). 别尔佳耶夫，尼科莱·亚历山德罗维奇：(1874-1948) 俄国哲学家，其精神理想与马克思主义学说抵触，从而导致其被驱逐出苏联（1922年），著作有《知识分子的精神危机》 （1910年） 〔Kovalevsky〕Russian mathematician known for her work on partial differential equations and equations of rotatory motion.科瓦列夫斯基，索雅：(1850-1891) 俄国数学家，以她对微积分方程和旋转运动方程的研究而出名〔Daugavpils〕A city of western European U.S.S.R. southeast of Riga. Founded in the 13th century, it was held by Lithuania and Poland before being ceded to Russia in 1771. Population, 124,000.陶格夫匹尔斯：苏联西欧部分一城市，位于里加东南部。建成于13世纪，1771年割让给俄国之前归属立陶宛和波兰。人口124,000〔Rasputin〕Russian starets whose magnetic personality and relative success in the treatment of the czarevich's hemophilia gained him favor in the court of Nicholas II. He was assassinated by noblemen who feared that his licentious manner and ignorance would undermine the monarchy.拉斯普廷，格里高利·埃费默维奇：(1872?-1916) 俄国农民医生，其迷人的性格以及为沙皇王子医好了血友病使其在尼古拉二世宫中大受宠爱。由于其行为淫荡，缺乏知识，王公贵族们因怕他毁了王室而暗杀了他〔Decembrist〕A participant in the unsuccessful conspiracy to overthrow Czar Nicholas I of Russia in December 1825.俄国十二月党人：1825年12月企图推翻沙皇尼古拉一世未遂的武装起义者〔Taganrog〕A city of southern European U.S.S.R. on theGulf of Taganrog, an arm of the Sea of Azov. Originally a colony of Pisa, it was annexed by Russia in 1769. Population, 289,000. 塔甘罗格：原苏联欧洲部分南部一城市，位于塔甘罗格湾 湾畔，该湾是亚速海的一个海口。它原是比萨的殖民地，在1769年被俄国兼并。人口289,000 〔Vilnius〕A city of western European U.S.S.R. in southeast Lithuania east-southeast of Kaunas. Founded in the 10th century, it was frequently devastated by plagues, fires, and invasions from the 15th to the 18th century. Vilnius passed to Russia in 1795 and is now the capital of Lithuania. Population, 544,000.维尔纽斯：苏联欧洲部分偏西的一城市，位于立陶宛的东南部，考纳斯的东南偏东。它成立于10世纪，在15到18世纪之间常遭受瘟疫、火灾及外来入侵。维尔纽斯于1795年归属俄国，现在是立陶宛首都。人口为544,000〔Dagestan〕A region of southeast European U.S.S.R. bordering on the Caspian Sea. Settled in the first millenniumb.c. , it was ceded to Russia by Persia in 1813. 达吉斯坦：苏联东南欧部分一地区，濒临里海。于公元前 1000年建立，1813年由波斯割让给俄国 〔stishovite〕After S.M. Stishov , 20th-century Russian mineralogist 源自S.M. 斯蒂夫 ，20世纪俄国矿物学家 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。