| 单词 | 修士 |
| 释义 | 〔Penitente〕A member of a Roman Catholic brotherhood in parts of the Southwest, of Native American and Hispanic origin, that celebrates the Passion with rites involving fasting and self-flagellation.苦修会修士：源于印第安人及西班牙裔美国人的美国西南部部分地区的罗马天主教兄弟会成员，他们为纪念耶酥受难而举行伴有绝食和自救行为的宗教仪式〔Jacobin〕after the Jacobin friars, in whose convent the Jacobins first met 源自 雅各宾 托钵修会修士，在其修道院中修道士们首次相见 〔capuche〕A hood on a cloak, especially the long, pointed cowl worn by a Capuchin monk.嘉布遣尖顶风帽：连在披风上的兜帽，尤指嘉布遣会修士戴的长而尖的风帽〔beg〕from Old French begart [lay brother, one who prays] * see beggar 源自 古法语 begart [俗人修士，祈祷者] * 参见 beggar〔Minorite〕From Medieval Latin (Frātrēs) Minōrēs [minor (friars)] 源自 中世纪拉丁语 (Frātrēs) Minōrēs [小（托钵修会修士）] 〔capuchin〕from Italian cappuccino [pointed cowl, Capuchin] 源自 意大利语 cappuccino [僧侣的尖头巾，嘉布遣会修士] 〔Minorite〕A Franciscan friar.小兄弟会修士：方济各会托钵修会修士〔priory〕A monastery governed by a prior or a convent governed by a prioress.小隐修院，小女隐修院：由小隐修院的修士院或由小女隐修院长管理的修道院〔Trinitarian〕A member of a Roman Catholic religious congregation founded in 1198 and now devoted to teaching, nursing, and pastoral work.三位一体修道会修士或修女：成立于1198年的罗马天主教的宗教集会的成员，现在多从事教师，护理或牧师工作〔voodoo〕A practitioner, priest, or priestess of voodoo. Also called In this sense, also called hoodoo 伏都教徒：一个伏都教的法师、修士或修女 也作 在此意义上也可称作 hoodoo〔friary〕A monastery of friars.男修道院（修士兄弟会）〔Angelico〕Italian Dominican friar and painter of the Florentine school.安吉里柯：意大利多明我会修士，佛罗伦萨派的画家〔Benedictine〕A monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict of Nursia.本笃会修士，本笃会修女：属于努尔西亚的圣·本笃创建的修道会的修士或修女〔capuchin〕Capuchin A monk belonging to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin, an independent order of Franciscans founded in Italy in 1525-1528 and dedicated to preaching and missionary work. Capuchin 嘉布遣会修士：属于嘉布遣小兄弟会的修士。该修道会是1525～1528年创建于意大利圣方济各修道会的一支独立修道会，并致力于布道和传教士的工作〔brother〕A member of a men's religious order who is not in holy orders but engages in the work of the order.修士：尚未晋升为神父的教士〔cappuccino〕The history of the wordcappuccino exemplifies how words can develop new senses because of resemblances that the original coiners of the terms might not have dreamed possible.The Capuchin order of friars, established after 1525,played an important role in bringing Catholicism back to Reformation Europe.Its Italian name came from the long, pointed cowl,orcappuccino, derived fromcappuccio, "hood,” that was worn as part of the order's habit.The French version ofcappuccino was capuchin (now capucin ), from which came EnglishCapuchin. The name of this pious order was later used as the name (first recorded in English in 1785) for a type of monkey with a tuft of black, cowllike hair.In Italiancappuccino went on to develop another sense, "espresso coffee mixed or topped with steamed milk or cream,”so called because the color of the coffee resembled the color of the habit of a Capuchin friar.The first use ofcappuccino in English is recorded in 1948 in a work about San Francisco. cappuccino 一词的历史很好地说明了词语如何可以因一些相似性而发展出新的意思， 而这些词的创造者也许做梦都没想过这些相似性是可能的。嘉布遣会建于1525年后，在将天主教带回经历宗教改革的欧洲的过程中发挥了重要作用。它的意大利语名称来自一种长而尖的蒙斗篷，或称cappuccino， 这个词又来自coppuccio， 意为“风帽”， 蒙头斗篷是这一派修士所穿衣服的一部分。Cappuccino 在法语中成了 capuchin （现在是 capucin ）， 英语中的Capuchin 就来自这个法语词。 这一虔诚教派的名字后来被用来作一种带一撮黑色的、蒙面斗篷似毛发的驴子的名字（于1785年首次用英语记录）。在意大利语中，cappuccino 接着又发展出一个新的意思， 意为“混以或加入煮过的牛奶或奶油的浓别啡，”这样叫是因为这种咖啡的颜色类似于嘉布遣会修士所穿衣服的颜色。Cappuccino 在英语中的第一次使用记载于1948年一本关于旧金山的著作中 〔monkhood〕Monks considered as a group.修士、僧侣的总称〔cappuccino〕Italian [Capuchin, cappuccino (from the resemblance of its color to the color of the monk's habit)] * see capuchin 意大利语 [嘉布遣会修道士，卡帕其诺浓咖啡（得名于它的颜色与嘉布遣会修士的道衣颜色的相似）] * 参见 capuchin〔Franciscan〕A member of a religious mendicant order founded by Saint Francis of Assisi in 1209 and now divided into three independent branches.圣方济各会修士或修女：1209年由圣方济各建立、现已分作三个独立分支的一宗教行乞修道团的成员〔monastery〕A community of persons, especially monks, bound by vows to a religious life and often living in partial or complete seclusion.全体修道院修士：一个立誓皈依某一宗教生活的人的组织，尤指修士的团体，他们经常过着半隐居或完全隐居的生活〔Dominican〕A member of an order of preaching friars established in 1216 by Saint Dominic.道明会修士：由圣道明于1216年建立的托钵修会的成员〔Chatterton〕British poet who fooled scholars by ascribing his poetry to a 15th-century monk, Thomas Rowley. Unable to support himself by writing, Chatterton became dejected and took his own life at age 18. His work and example influenced the romantic poets.查特顿，托马斯：(1752-1770) 英国诗人，曾称其诗为15世纪修士托玛斯·罗利所来愚弄学者。查特顿无法通过写作维持生计，以致穷困潦倒并于18岁自杀。他的作品及事例影响了浪漫主义诗人〔novitiate〕A place where novices live.修道院：修女或修士住的地方〔pretzel〕It is probably well known or widely assumed thatpretzel is a German word, since the food seems traditionally German, but the word ultimately has a Latin origin.The German wordBrezel or Pretzel, which was borrowed into English (first being recorded in American English in a newspaper of March 1856) goes back to the assumed Medieval Latin word brāchitellum. This would accord with the storythat a monk living in France or northern Italy first created the knotted shape of a pretzel,even though this type of biscuit had been enjoyed by the Romans.The monk wanted to symbolize arms folded in a prayer,hence the name derived from Latinbracchiātus, "having branches,” itself frombracchium, "branch, arm.” 可能象大家所熟知的或认定的那样，因为这种食品好象是德国的传统食品，所以大家认为pretzel 是个德语词， 但实际上这个词源于拉丁语。德语词Brezel 或 Pretzel 被借入英语（首次以美式英语记录于1856年3月的新闻报刊）可追溯到中世纪的拉丁词 brachitellum 。 这可能是与这个故事是一致的：一位住在法国或意大利北部的修士首创了这种节状的椒盐饼，尽管这种饼干很受罗马人的欢迎。那位修士想要象征祈祷者交叠的手臂，因此这个名字来源于拉丁语bracchiatus， 意为“有枝干的，” 该词本身又是由bracchium “枝干，手臂”演变而来的 〔friar〕A member of a usually mendicant Roman Catholic order.托钵修会修士：常化缘的罗马天主教会成员〔Tetzel〕German monk who was appointed to sell indulgences to raise funds for the Catholic Church. His simplistic and unorthodox sermons, regarded by many as symptomatic of the abuses within the Church, provoked Martin Luther to write his 95 theses (1517).泰臣，约翰：(1465?-1519) 被指派为他人赦罪而为基督教堂募捐的德国修士。他的过于简单的和非正的布道，被许多人认为是教会内滥权的征兆，激起马丁·路德写了他的95篇文章(1517年）〔votary〕A person bound by vows to live a life of religious worship or service.修士，修女：宣誓过对宗教虔诚信仰或崇拜的生活的人 |
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