| 单词 | 假想 |
| 释义 | 〔fate〕The supposed force, principle, or power that predetermines events.命运：假想的影响、原则或力量，能注定事情〔strange〕"Now, my suspicion is that the universe is not only queerer than we suppose, but queerer than we can suppose" (J.B.S. Haldane).“现在，我的怀疑是宇宙不但比我们所假想的要奇异，而且比我们能 假想的还要奇异” (J·B·S·霍尔丹）。〔clairaudience〕The supposed power to hear things outside the range of normal perception.神听，非凡的听力：对在正常感知范围外的事物能听到的假想的能力〔axis〕An imaginary line to which elements of a work of art, such as a picture, are referred for measurement or symmetry.中轴线：相对于某些要求测量或对称的文艺作品的一条假想线，如绘画〔don〕To assume or take on:假想或装出…的样子：〔supposed〕suppositious reconstructions of dead languages;消失语言之假想的重新构建；〔fortune〕Often Fortune A hypothetical, often personified force or power that favorably or unfavorably governs the events of one's life: 常作 Fortune 命运之神：一假想的且通常拟人化的力量，或好或坏地决定人生中的事件：〔tachyon〕A hypothetical subatomic particle that travels faster than the speed of light.超光速粒子：一种假想的速度高于光速的亚原子粒子〔alkahest〕The hypothetical universal solvent once sought by alchemists.万能溶剂：炼金术士曾一度寻求的假想的万能溶剂〔antigravity〕The hypothetical effect of reducing or canceling a gravitational field.反重力，反引力：一种假想的能够减弱或消除地球引力的力〔clairvoyance〕The supposed power to see objects or events that cannot be perceived by the senses.神视，超视：可看到感官不能觉察的物体或事件的假想的力量〔Laurasia〕The protocontinent of the Northern Hemisphere, a hypothetical landmass that according to the theory of plate tectonics broke up into North America, Europe, and Asia.劳亚古大陆：北半球的原始大陆，一片假想中的大陆板块，根据板块构造理论，它分裂为北美洲、欧洲和亚洲〔axis〕One of three or four imaginary lines used to define the faces of a crystal and the position of its atoms.晶轴：用于决定水晶表面和它的原子位置的三、四条假想线中的一条〔quark〕"Three quarks for Muster Mark! / Sure he hasn't got much of a bark / And sure any he has it's all beside the mark.” This passage of James Joyce'sFinnegans Wake is part of a scurrilous 13-line poem directed against King Mark,the cuckolded husband in the Tristan legend.The poem and the accompanying prose are packed with names of birds and words suggestive of birds,and the poem is a squawk,like the cawing of a crow, against King Mark.Thus, Joyce uses the wordquark, which comes from the standard English verbquark, meaning "to caw, croak,” and also from the dialectal verb quawk, meaning"to caw, screech like a bird.” But Joyce'squark was not what it has become: "any of a group of hypothetical subatomic particles proposed as the fundamental units of matter.”Murray Gell-Mann, the physicist who proposed these particles, in a private letter of June 27, 1978, to the editor of theOxford English Dictionary, said that he had actually been influenced by Joyce's word in naming the particle,although the influence was subconscious at first.Gell-Mann was thinking of using the pronunciation (kwôrk) for the particle,possibly something he had picked up fromFinnegans Wake, which he "had perused from time to time since it appeared in 1939. . . . The allusion to three quarks seemed perfect" (originally there were only three subatomic quarks).Gell-Mann, however, wanted to pronounce the word with (ô) not (ä), as Joyce seemed to indicate by rhyming words in the vicinity such asMark. Gell-Mann got around that "by supposing that one ingredient of the line ‘Three quarks for Muster Mark’was a cry of ‘Three quarts for Mister . . . ’ heard in H.C. Earwicker's pub.”冲马克王呱叫三声! / 很显然一声狗吠对他还不够 / 很显然他所有的一切都和盛名无关。 这一段出自詹姆斯·乔伊斯的为芬尼根守灵 ， 是对马克王进行侮辱谩骂的一首十三行诗中的一部分。马克王是特里斯特拉姆传奇故事中被戴了绿帽子的丈夫。这首诗和随同的叙述中充斥着鸟类的名字和暗示鸟类的词。这首诗是对马克王的粗声抗诉，就象乌鸦的啼叫。所以乔伊斯用了quark 一词， 它来源于标准英语动词quark （意思为“呱呱地叫，乌鸦叫”）和方言中的动词 quawk （意思为“象鸟一样呱呱地叫、尖叫”）。 乔伊斯笔下的quark 一词并不是现在形成的意思： “任何一组假想的亚原子粒子，被认为是物质的基本单位”。这些粒子的提出者——物理学家默里·基尔曼在1978年6月27日写给牛津英语词典 编者的一封私人信件中说, 他给这种粒子命名时确实受到了乔伊斯这个词的影响，虽然这种影响起初只是潜意识的。基尔曼本想用(kwôrk)这个发音来代表这种粒子，可能也是从为芬尼根守灵 一书中汲取出来的。 自从1939年这书出版以来，他曾时常精读…关于三声呱叫的暗示看上去很完满（最初只有三种亚原子夸克）。但是基尔曼想让这个词发音为(o)而不是(a)——乔伊斯将韵押为与Mark 相近的音好象表明该发这个音。 基尔曼认为这行诗中的一部分“对马克王呱叫三声”，实际上是在酒店中听到的“给这位先生来三夸脱酒”叫喊声〔Ruritanian〕After Ruritania , imaginary realm in the novel The Prisoner of Zenda by Anthony Hope 源自 Ruritania ，小说 曾达的囚徒 中假想的王国，由安东尼·霍普所著 〔widget〕An unnamed or hypothetical manufactured article.未定名的主要新产品：未命名的或假想的制品〔xenogenesis〕The supposed production of offspring markedly different from either parent.异种生殖：生出与父母体完全不同的机体的假想〔chauvinism〕"the chauvinism . . . of making extraterrestrial life in our own image"(Henry S.F. Cooper, Jr.)“用我们自己的形象去假想地球以外的生命的…沙文主义”(小亨利S.F.库珀)〔shadowbox〕To spar with an imaginary opponent, as for exercise or training purposes.影子拳击：为练习或训练目的与假想的对手打斗〔Aryan〕Of or relating to the Indo-European languages or the hypothetical language from which they are derived.印-欧语言或由他推导出的假想语言的：印-欧语言或由他推导出的假想语言的与印-欧语言或由他推导出的假想语言有关的〔supersymmetry〕A hypothetical symmetry that relates fermions to bosons and gravitational force to forces that operate on the subatomic level.超对称性：将费密子与玻子相联系以及将万有引力与亚原子作用的力相联系的假想对称性〔Martian〕Of or relating to the planet Mars or its hypothetical inhabitants.火星的：火星的或假想的火星人的，与其有关的〔telegony〕The supposed genetic influence of a previous sire on offspring of a subsequent sire from the same mother.先父遗传：一种假想的认为先前父兽基因能遗传给同一母兽同后来的父兽交配后所生的后代〔hypothesis〕Something taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation; an assumption.假设：为了争论或调查而被认为是真实的事物；一个假想〔Martian〕A hypothetical inhabitant of the planet Mars, especially as a stock fictional character.火星人：假想的火星上的居民，尤指小说中的人物〔phantasm〕An illusory mental image. Also called phantasma 幻想，空想：一种产生幻觉的内心的假想 也作 phantasma〔antimatter〕A hypothetical form of matter that is identical to physical matter except that its atoms are composed of antielectrons, antiprotons, and antineutrons.反物质：一种假想的物质形式，与自然物质相同的，只是其原子由反电子，反质子和反中子构成〔clairvoyant〕A person, such as a medium, possessing the supposed power of clairvoyance.千里眼：有假想的超视能力的人，如巫师〔transmutation〕The supposed conversion of base metals into gold or silver in alchemy.转变：在炼金术中假想的从贱金属到金或银的转变〔parallel〕Any of the imaginary lines representing degrees of latitude that encircle the earth parallel to the plane of the equator.纬线，纬度圈：与赤道平面平行且环绕地球用来表明纬度高低的许多假想线中的任意一条〔graviton〕A hypothetical particle postulated to be the quantum of gravitational interaction and presumed to have an indefinitely long lifetime, zero electric charge, and zero rest mass. See table at subatomic particle 引力微子：一种假想粒子，被假定为引力相互作用的量子，并被推测为具有无限长寿命、零电荷和零静止质量 参见 subatomic particle〔testimony〕Evidence in support of a fact or an assertion; proof.证据：支持一个事实或假想的证据；证据〔roorback〕After Baron von Roorback , imaginary author of Roorback's Tour Through the Western and Southern States , from which a passage was purportedly quoted in an attempt to disparage presidential candidate James K. Polk in 1844 源自巴龙·沃恩 Roorback ， 穿越西部和南部各州的旅行 一书的假想作者，该书中有意引用了一篇文章，企图诋毁1844年度的总统候选人詹姆斯·K·波克 〔Venusian〕A hypothetical inhabitant of the planet Venus.金星人：假想的金星上的居民〔clairvoyant〕Having the supposed power to see objects or events that cannot be perceived by the senses.超视的，千里眼的：有看到感官不能觉察的物体或事件的假想能力的〔caloric〕A hypothetically indestructible, uncreatable, highly elastic, self-repellent, all-pervading fluid formerly thought responsible for the production, possession, and transfer of heat.热质：曾被认为是使热量产生、贮存和传输的一种假想的不可破坏的、不可创造的、有高度弹性的、自斥的且到处都有的流体〔quark〕Any of a group of hypothetical elementary particles having electric charges of magnitude one-third or two-thirds that of the electron, regarded as constituents of all hadrons. See table at subatomic particle 夸克：一组假想的电粒子中的任一个，它带有电子的三分之一或三分之二的电荷量，被认为是所有强子的组成要素 参见 subatomic particle |
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