| 单词 | 光合作用 |
| 释义 | 〔photosynthesis〕The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.光合作用：在绿色植物或其它有机物中，以光作为能量来源，用二氧化碳和水合成碳氢化合物的过程。大部分形式的光合作用都释放氧气作为副产品〔photophosphorylation〕Phosphorylation induced by radiant energy in photosynthesis.光合磷酸化（作用）：在光合作用中由辐射能引起的磷酸化〔euphotic〕Of, relating to, or being the uppermost layer of a body of water that receives sufficient light for photosynthesis and the growth of green plants.（海）透光层的：属于、关于或组成水体最上层的，该层可接受充足的光线以利于绿色植物的光合作用和生长〔carbohydrate〕Any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses, and gums and serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals. These compounds are produced by photosynthetic plants and contain only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually in the ratio 1:2:1.碳水化合物，糖类：包含糖、淀粉、植物纤维素和树脂，并作为动物饮食的主要能量来源的一组有机化合物。这些化合物由进行光合作用的绿色植物产生，仅含碳、氢和氧原子，通常它们的比例是1:2:1〔photosynthesize〕To synthesize by the process of photosynthesis.通过光合作用合成〔Huber〕German chemist. He shared a 1988 Nobel Prize for determining the structure of complex proteins that are essential to photosynthesis.胡伯，罗伯特：(生于 1937) 德国化学家。因测定了在光合作用中起关键性作用的复合蛋白的结构而获1988年诺贝尔奖〔aphotic〕Of or relating to the region of a body of water that is not reached by sunlight and in which photosynthesis is unable to occur.无阳光的：阳光不能照射到的水体区域，在此区域无法进行光合作用的或与此区域有关的〔plant〕Any of various photosynthetic, eukaryotic, multicellular organisms of the kingdom Plantae characteristically producing embryos, containing chloroplasts, having cellulose cell walls, and lacking the power of locomotion.植物，树：植物界中具有光合作用的，真核生物的多细胞生物体，其特征能产生胚，含有叶绿素，具有纤维素构成的细胞壁，且缺乏运动的能力〔chemoautotroph〕An organism, such as a bacterium or a protozoan, that obtains its nourishment through the oxidation of inorganic chemical compounds as opposed to photosynthesis.化能自养体：相对于光合作用，细菌和原生动物等通过无机化合物的氧化来获取养分的有机体〔holophyte〕An organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis.自养的：经由行光合作用自行制造养分的有机物〔Calvin〕American chemist. He won a 1961 Nobel Prize for discovering the series of chemical reactions in photosynthesis.卡尔文，梅尔温：(生于 1911) 美国化学家。因发现了光合作用的一系列反应过程而获得1961年诺贝尔奖〔ferredoxin〕An iron-containing protein present in green plants and certain anaerobic bacteria that functions in electron transport reactions in biochemical processes, such as photosynthesis.铁氧化还原蛋白：绿色植物和某些抗生菌提供的一种含铁蛋白，在生化过程的电子传送反应中起作用，如光合作用〔Michel〕German biochemist. He shared a 1988 Nobel Prize for determining the structure of complex proteins that are essential to photosynthesis.迈克尔，哈特：(生于 1948) 德国生物化学家，因测定对光合作用极其重要的复合蛋白的结构而与人共获诺贝尔奖〔mesophyll〕The photosynthetic tissue of a leaf, located between the upper and lower epidermis.叶肉：位于叶子上表皮与下表皮之间的能进行光合作用的组织〔granum〕A stacked membranous structure within a chloroplast that contains the chlorophyll and is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis.叶绿体基粒：叶绿体内的一种堆叠状的膜结构，其中含有叶绿素，是光合作用中光反应的场所〔photorespiration〕Oxidation of carbohydrates in plants with the release of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.光呼吸（作用）：在光合作用过程中，植物释放出二氧化碳，同时体内碳氢化合物氧化〔epipelagic〕Of or relating to the part of the oceanic zone into which enough sunlight enters for photosynthesis to take place.光合作用带的：与能够获得足够阳光以发生光合作用的广大区域有关的〔hemiparasite〕A plant, such as mistletoe, that obtains some nourishment from its host but also photosynthesizes. Also called semiparasite 半寄生植物，兼性寄生植物：一种植物，如桷寄生属植物，从其寄主处获得一些营养，但也进行光合作用 也作 semiparasite〔bryophyte〕A plant of the Bryophyta, a division of photosynthetic, chiefly terrestrial, nonvascular plants, including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.苔藓植物：苔藓植物门的植物，需要光合作用的多为陆生的非维管束植物的一支，包括苔藓、地钱和金鱼藻〔chlorella〕Any of various unicellular green algae of the genusChlorella, easily cultured and often used in studies of photosynthesis and other experiments. 小球藻：小球藻 属任何一种单细胞绿藻，易于培养且常被用于光合作用研究及其它实验中 〔quantasome〕One of numerous particles located on the inner lamellar surface of a chloroplast and sometimes considered to be the functional unit of photosynthesis.光能转化体：附着在叶绿体内表层的许多微粒之一，时常被认为是光合作用的机能单位〔photoreception〕The detection, absorption, and use of light, as for vision in animals or phototropism and photosynthesis in plants.光感应：对光的感觉、吸收和利用，如对动物的视野和植物的向光性和光合作用〔photosynthate〕A chemical product of photosynthesis.光合物：光合作用的化学产物〔animal〕A multicellular organism of the kingdom Animalia, differing from plants in certain typical characteristics such as capacity for locomotion, nonphotosynthetic metabolism, pronounced response to stimuli, restricted growth, and fixed bodily structure.动物：动物界中的多细胞生物，某些典型特征与植物不同，如有运动能力，能进行非光合作用的新陈代谢，能对刺激产生有声反应，有限制的生长和固定的身体结构〔Deisenhofer〕German chemist. He shared a 1988 Nobel Prize for determining the structure of complex proteins that are essential to photosynthesis.迪森霍弗，约翰：(生于 1943) 德国化学家。他因确定了对光合作用必不可少的复合蛋白质的结构而与人共获1988年度诺贝尔奖〔alga〕Any of various chiefly aquatic, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms, ranging in size from single-celled forms to the giant kelp. Algae were once considered to be plants but are now classified separately because they lack true roots, stems, leaves, and embryos.水藻，海藻：一种主要为水生的，有真核细胞并进行光合作用的有机体，形体上从单细胞形式一直到大型巨藻。海藻曾被认为是植物，但因其缺乏真正的根、茎、叶及芽而已被单独归类〔photic〕Designating or relating to the layer of a body of water that is penetrated by sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis:透光层的：表明为进行光合作用而被足够的阳光穿透的水体表层的；或与之有关的： |
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