| 单词 | 公平 |
| 释义 | 〔share〕An equitable portion:份额：公平的份额：〔tendency〕"Man's capacity for justice makes democracy possible,but man's inclination to injustice makes democracy necessary" (Reinhold Niebuhr). “人类对公平的接受能力使民主成为可能，但人类对不公平的倾向却使民主变得必需” （赖因霍尔德·尼布尔）〔conscience〕In all truth or fairness.公平：凭事实或公正〔millennium〕A hoped-for period of joy, serenity, prosperity, and justice.盛世期：一个希望中的欢乐、祥和、繁荣及公平的时期〔use〕The arrangement establishing the equitable right to such benefits and profits.委任此种收益公平权利的商定〔equity〕from aequus [even, fair] 源自 aequus [平均、公平] 〔ombudsman〕A man who investigates complaints, reports findings, and mediates fair settlements, especially between aggrieved parties such as consumers or students and an institution, an organization, or a company.调查官，巡视员：一个调查抱怨和不满，报告调查结果和公平解决事端的人，尤指在互相怨恨的几方之间，如消费者或学生和一机构、组织或公司之间〔clean〕played the game clean.公平地进行比赛〔fair〕Just to all parties; equitable:公正的，平等的：对各方都公平对待的；公平的：〔Rhadamanthine〕Strictly and uncompromisingly just.铁面无私的：严格而无让步地公平的〔equity〕The state, quality, or ideal of being just, impartial, and fair.公正：公平、不偏袒、公正的状态、性质或理想、观念〔fair〕a compromise that is fair to both factions.一个对两派都公平的协议〔fair〕an equitable distribution of gifts among the children.公平地给孩子们分发礼物。〔opportunity〕"The best you get is an even break" (Franklin P. Adams).“你最多能有一次公平的好运气” （富兰克林P·亚当斯）〔just〕Honorable and fair in one's dealings and actions:正派的，公正的：行为举止正派，公平的：〔equitable〕from equite [equity] * see equity 源自 equite [公平] * 参见 equity〔legal〕Recognized or enforced by law rather than by equity.法律上承认的：由法律而不是公平认可或强制的〔fair〕Having or exhibiting a disposition that is free of favoritism or bias; impartial:公平的：有或表现出不偏袒的或无偏见的性情的；公平的：〔about〕Turn about is fair play.按顺序来是公平的〔square〕Just; equitable:公平的；平等的：〔unjust〕Violating principles of justice or fairness; unfair:不公平的：违反公正或公平的原则的；不公正的：〔serious〕Both sides in the dispute showed an earnest desire to reach an equitable solution.争论双方都表示了达成公平解决的热切愿望。〔bias〕A preference or an inclination, especially one that inhibits impartial judgment.偏见，偏心：偏好或倾向，尤指妨碍公平判断的偏见〔equity〕Something that is just, impartial, and fair.公正的事物：公平、不偏袒、公正的事物〔even〕Just; fair:公正的，公平的；正当的：〔assign〕These verbs mean to set aside or give out in portions or shares.Bothassign, which applies to an authoritative act, and allot refer to arbitrary distribution, but neither implies equality or fairness of division: 这些动词指接比例或份额留出或分发。含有权威的行为的assign 和 allot 都指任意地分配， 但是这两个词都没有分配平等或公平的含意： 〔equal〕Impartial; just; equitable.公平的；公正的；无私的〔value〕An amount, as of goods, services, or money, considered to be a fair and suitable equivalent for something else; a fair price or return.价值：被认为与其他事物公平的、合适的且相等的数量，例如物品、服务或金钱；公正的价格或收益〔honest〕honest wages for an honest day's work.一天的诚实劳动所获的公平报酬〔shot〕gave him a fair shot at the part in the play.给他一个出演剧中角色公平的机会〔glasnost〕An official policy of the Soviet government emphasizing candor with regard to discussion of social problems and shortcomings.公开性，开放性：苏联政府关于在对社会问题和弊端的讨论中强调公平的一个官方政策〔honest〕Equitable; fair:公正的：等量的公平的：〔justice〕The quality of being just; fairness.正直的品质；公平〔Draco〕Athenian politician who codified the laws of Athens (c. 621). Lauded for its impartiality, his code was unpopular for its severity.德拉古：雅典政治家，制定了雅典的法典（公元前621年），该法典因其公平受到赞扬，但因其严酷而不受欢迎〔FEPC〕Fair Employment Practices Commission.公平就业实施委员会〔think〕I think it only fair.我认为那是公平的〔Elijah〕Hebrew prophet. The greatest prophet of the Old Testament, he sought to abolish idolatry and restore justice. According to Scripture, he did not die but was carried skyward in a chariot of fire.以利亚：希伯来先知。旧约全书中记载的最伟大的一位先知，他寻求废除偶像崇拜并重建公平。据圣经所述，他并没有死而是乘着燃火的马车上了天〔equal〕It has been argued thatequal is an absolute term— two quantities either are or are not equal—and hence cannot be qualified as to degree.Therefore one cannot logically speak ofa more equal allocation of resources among the departments. However, this usage was accepted by 71 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey.What is more, objection to the usage betrays a widespread but questionable assumptionthat it is in mathematics and logic that we find the model of accuracy most appropriate to the everyday use of language,a supposition that also underlies traditional grammatical discussions of words such asunique, parallel, and center. According to this account,the "precise" or "literal" meaning ofequal is realized in the use of the equal sign in an arithmetic expression such as 5 + 2 = 7; and the ordinary-language uses of the term,though they may be permissible,represent "loose" or "imprecise" extensions of that sense.But in fact the mathematical concept of equality is a poor model for using the wordequal to describe relations between things in the world. As applied to such things,statements of equality are always relative to an implicit standard of tolerance.When someone saysThe two boards are of equal length, we assume that the equality is reckoned to some order of approximation determined by the context;if we did not,we would be required always to usenearly equal when speaking of the dimensions of physical objects. What is more,we often want to predicate equality of things that do not admit of quantitative measurement,as when we sayThe college draft was introduced in an effort to make the teams in the National Football League as equal as possible, orThe candidates for the job should all be given equal consideration. In all such cases,equality is naturally a gradient notionand so is amenable to modification in degree.This much is evident from the existence of the wordunequal. The prefixun- attaches only to gradient adjectives: we sayunmanly but not unmale; and the worduneven can be applied to a surface (whose evenness may be a matter of degree) but not to a number (whose evenness is an either-or affair). ·The adverbequally is generally regarded as redundant when used in combination with as, and the following examples employingequally as were termed unacceptable by 63 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey: 单词equal 一向被认为是一个很绝对的词语—— 两个数量要么相同要么不同——这样就不能有程度上的差别。所以，如果有人说在各部门间对资源更公平的分配 ，那么就不合逻辑了。 但是这种用法在早先的用法调查中被百分之七十一用法使用小组的人接受。而且，对这种用法的反对体现出了一种很流行但却值得怀疑的假设，那就是我们从数学和逻辑中得出适用于日常语言准确性的实例，而这种假设也可从我们对一些词，如unique，parallel 和 center 传统的语法讨论中体现出来。 根据这个解释，equal “准确”或“书面”的意思则是由在算术表达式，如5+2=7中所运用的相同的符号而表达清楚的； 而该词在日常语言中的用法，虽然被允许，但却代表了其含意“松散”或“不严谨”的引申。但是实际上用数学概念上的相等来运用equal 这个词描述世上各种事物之间的关系是一个很差劲的例子。 当该词应用于生活中的事物时，相等的观念往往与暗含的容忍相关联。当有人说两块木板同样长 时， 我们会认为由于上下文的关系，相等可以被看作大约近似；如果我们不这样想，那么当我们谈到物体的尺寸时，就要经常使用nearly equal 。 另外，我们常常会预测和数量无关的事物的相同性，比如我们会说，引入大学的要求是为了使全国足球联合会中的各队尽可能平等 ， 或者应给予该项工作的应征者同等的考虑 。 在所有这些例子中，相等是个可变化的概念，所以可在程度有所不同。Unequal 这个词的存在就是很好的证明。 un- 这个前缀只附加于有程序变化的形容词， 我们说unmanly 但不说 unmale ； 而uneven 这个词只能用于某物的表面（其平坦可有程度上的差别）， 而不能用于数目（数目只能说相等或不相等）。Equally 这一副词在与 as 连用时通常被认为是多余的， 在早先的用法调查中，以下这些使用equally as 的句子遭到百分之六十三使用小组的人反对： 〔clean〕In a fair manner:采用公平方式：〔fairly〕In a fair or just manner; equitably.公正地：公平地或公正地；平等地 |
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