| 单词 | 关键性 |
| 释义 | 〔critical〕Forming or having the nature of a turning point; crucial or decisive:重要的，关键的：形成或具有转折点性质的；关键性的或决定性的：〔Meade〕American Union general who commanded the costly victory at Gettysburg (1863).米德，乔治·戈登：(1815-1872) 美国南北战争时期联邦军队将军，曾指挥葛底斯堡战役并取得关键性胜利(1863年）〔relevant〕"Facts, the statement of which may reasonably be presumed likely to have such an influence on the judgment of the underwriter are called material facts" (Joseph Arnould).“假定为很有可能对保险商的判断有影响的事实陈述被称作关键性事实” （约瑟·阿诺德）。〔Clemenceau〕French politician who served as premier (1906-1909 and 1917-1920) and played a key role in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles (1919).克列孟梭，乔治斯：(1841-1929) 法国政治家，曾任总理（1906-1909年及1917-1920年），在凡尔赛条约（1919年）的谈判中曾起过关键性的作用〔crucial〕A crucial election is like a signpost because it shows which way the electorate is moving. The metaphor of a signpost, in fact, gives us the sense of the wordcrucial, "of supreme importance, critical.” Francis Bacon used the phraseinstantia crucis, "crucial instance,” to refer to something in an experiment that proves one of two hypotheses and disproves the other. Bacon's phrase was based on a sense of the Latin wordcrux, "cross,” which had come to mean "a guidepost that gives directions at a place where one road becomes two,”and hence was suitable for Bacon's metaphor.Both Robert Boyle, often called the father of modern chemistry, and Isaac Newton used the similar Latin phraseexperimentum crucis, "crucial experiment.” When these phrases were translated into English,they becamecrucial instance and crucial experiment. 决定性选举就象路标一样，因为它显示了全体选民的意向。路标这一比喻实际上向我们表示了crucial 这一词的意义“极其重要的，关键性的”。 弗朗西斯·培根曾用instantia crucis “关键性例子”这一词组来指在某一实验中证明两个假设之一正确和另一假设错误的东西。 培根的这一词组是基于拉丁语crux “十字形”的意思之上的， 它的意思为“在一条路分为两条岔路的地方用于指示方向的路标”，因此它适用于培根的这一比喻。通常被称为现代化学之父的罗伯特·博伊尔和艾萨克·牛顿都用过experimentum crucis “关键性实验”这一类似的拉丁语词组。 当这些词组被译成英语后，就成了crucial instance 和 crucial experiment 这两个词组 〔crucial〕From New Latin (instantia) crucis, (experimentum) crucis [crossroads (case), crossroads (experiment)] 源自 新拉丁语 (instantia) crucis, (experimentum) crucis [关键性（事例），关键性（实验）] 〔balance〕In an undetermined and often critical position:悬而未决；紧要关头：处于未确定的或经常是关键性的位置：〔crucial〕Extremely significant or important:关键性的：极其重要的，极其显要的：〔crisis〕negotiations that had reached a crucial juncture;已走到关键性时刻的谈判；〔diagnosis〕A critical analysis of the nature of something.判断：对于某些事物本质关键性的分析〔relevant〕"He's a serious student of the issues, always inquisitive about the facts, and aggressive in their pursuit. . . . he asks questions that are germane and central to the issue" (Marlin Fitzwater).Somethingmaterial is not only relevant but also crucial to a matter: “他是一个对待问题认真的学生，经常渴求得到事实，积极进取…他提出与这个问题紧密相关的中心问题” （马林·费茨沃特）。Material 形容不仅与某事务有关， 而且对其是关键性的事务： 〔Trenton〕The capital of New Jersey, in the west-central part of the state on the Delaware River northeast of Philadelphia. Settled c. 1679 by Quakers, it was the site of a pivotal battle in the American Revolution in which George Washington's troops captured a Hessian encampment in a surprise attack (December 26, 1776). Population, 88,675.塔伦顿：美国新泽西州的首府，位于该州中西部的特拉华河沿岸，费城的东北方。在1679年左右由贵格教徒建立，美国独立战争期间一场关键性的战斗在此进行，乔治·华盛顿的部队在一次突然袭击中攻占了一个黑人雇佣兵的营地（1776年12月26日）。人口88,675〔Huber〕German chemist. He shared a 1988 Nobel Prize for determining the structure of complex proteins that are essential to photosynthesis.胡伯，罗伯特：(生于 1937) 德国化学家。因测定了在光合作用中起关键性作用的复合蛋白的结构而获1988年诺贝尔奖 |
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