单词 | 其中包括 |
释义 | 〔Edison〕American inventor who patented more than a thousand inventions, among them the microphone (1877), the phonograph (1878), and an incandescent lamp (1879). In New York City he installed the world's first central electric power plant (1881-1882).爱迪生,托马斯·阿尔瓦:(1847-1931) 美国发明家,有一千多项发明专利权,其中包括麦克风(1877年)、留声机(1878年),和白炽灯(1879年)。他在纽约市建成了世界上第一家中心发电厂(1881-1882年)〔culex〕Any of various mosquitoes of the genusCulex, which includes the common house mosquito (C. pipiens). 库蚊:任一种库蚊属 蚊子,其中包括常见的家蚊 (库蚊属 尖音库蚊) 〔Sabellian〕A group of extinct Italic languages that includes Sabine.萨贝利语组:一组已消亡的意大利人的语言,其中包括萨宾语〔cyprinodont〕Any of various small, soft-finned fishes of the family Cyprinodontidae, which includes the killifishes, topminnows, and many species popular in home aquariums.鳉:鳉科中的一种小软鳍鱼,其中包括鳉、底鳉和许多家庭观赏鱼中常见的品种〔proglottid〕One of the segments of a tapeworm, containing both male and female reproductive organs.节片:绦虫的段节之一,其中包括雌雄生殖器官〔Acadia〕A region and former French colony of eastern Canada, chiefly in Nova Scotia but also including New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Cape Breton Island, and the coastal area from the St. Lawrence River south into Maine. During the French and Indian War (1755-1763) many Acadians migrated or were deported by the British to southern territories, including Louisiana, where their descendants came to be known as Cajuns.阿卡迪亚:加拿大东部一地区,曾是法国殖民地。主要位于新斯科舍省,也包括新不伦斯瑞克、爱德华王子岛、开普布瑞顿岛以及圣劳伦斯河南部到缅因州的河岸地区。 在法国和印第安人的战争中(1755-1763年),很多阿卡迪亚人移居到或被英国迁入南方殖民地,其中包括路易斯安那州,在此他们的后代被称为阿卡迪亚人〔Hammett〕American writer of highly acclaimed detective fiction, includingThe Maltese Falcon (1930) and The Thin Man (1932). 哈米特,达什尔:(1894-1961) 美国作家,其侦探小说极为人们称道,其中包括《马耳他猎鹰》 (1930年)和 《瘦汉》 (1932年) 〔Johnson〕American publisher who founded a number of magazines, includingEbony (1945). 约翰逊,约翰·哈罗德:(生于 1918) 美国出版商,他创办了数家杂志,其中包括《乌木》 (1945年) 〔Powers〕American sculptor whose important works, all in the neoclassical style, includeGreek Slave (1843) and busts of American leaders. 鲍尔斯,希兰:(1805-1873) 美国雕塑家,他的重要作品都是新古典主义风格的,其中包括《希腊奴隶》 (1843年)以及美国领袖的半身像 〔Burke〕American actress who appeared frequently with John Drew and made numerous motion pictues, includingThe Wizard of Oz (1939). 伯克,比利:(1886-1970) 美国女演员,经常同约翰·德鲁同台演出,拍摄过多部影片,其中包括《绿野仙踪》 (1939年) 〔Crawford〕American writer of more than 40 romantic novels, includingThe Three Fates (1892) and The White Nun (1909). 克劳福德,弗朗西斯·马里恩:(1854-1909) 美国作家,著有40多部浪漫主义小说,其中包括有《三种命运》 (1892年)和 《白人修女》 (1909年) 〔longicorn〕Of or belonging to the family Cerambycidae, which includes the long-horned beetles.天牛科的:天牛科的或属于天牛科的,其中包括长角牛甲虫〔Gunther〕American writer who combined journalistic observations and personal experience in a series of books, includingInside Europe (1936). He also wrote novels and autobiographical works. 冈瑟尔,约翰:(1901-1970) 美国作家,他的一系列著作把新闻评论和个人经历结合了起来,这其中包括《欧洲内幕》 (1936年)。他也写了一些小说和自传性著作 〔Loewe〕Austrian-born American composer who collaborated with Alan Jay Lerner on a number of musicals, includingMy Fair Lady (1956). 洛伊,弗雷德里克:(1901-1987) 奥裔美籍作曲家。他与阿兰·杰伊·勒纳合作了许多音乐片,其中包括《窈窕淑女》 (1956年) 〔Rockefeller〕American family, includingJohn Davison (1839-1937), an oil magnate who amassed great wealth through the Standard Oil Company and spent about half of his fortune on philanthropic works. His son John Davison, Jr. (1874-1960), continued his father's work and had five sons, including Nelson Aldrich (1908-1979), who was governor of New York (1959-1973) and Vice President of the United States (1974-1977) under Gerald Ford. 洛克菲勒:美国的一个家族,包括石油大王约翰·戴维森 (1839-1937年),他通过标准石油公司聚积了大笔财富,并把其财富的一半用于慈善事业。其子 小约翰·戴维森 (1874-1960年)继承了父业并生有五子,其中包括曾任纽约州州长(1959-1973年)和杰拉德·福特任总统时的美国副总统(1974-1977年) 的内尔森·艾尔德利奇 (1908-1979年) 〔Laughton〕British-born American actor whose many motion-picture roles include that of Captain Bligh inMutiny on the Bounty (1935). 劳顿,查尔斯:(1899-1962) 英裔美籍演员,创造了许多电影形象,其中包括《叛舰喋血记》 (1935年)中的布利上校 〔Rodin〕French sculptor whose innovative, sometimes controversial works include the lifelikeBronze Age (1877) and the uncompleted series Gates of Hell, comprising some of his best-known works, such as The Thinker. 罗丹,弗朗索瓦·奥古斯特·兰诺:(1840-1917) 法国雕塑家,他的作品富有创新精神且有时引起争议,如维妙维肖的《青铜时代》 (1877年)和其中包括最著名的作品 《思想者》 等的未完成的系列雕塑 《地狱之门》 〔Goldwyn〕Polish-born American film producer who founded his own film company (1917) and merged with Louis B. Mayer to form Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (1925). His many productions includeThe Best Years of Our Lives (1946), for which he won an Academy Award. 高德温,塞缪尔:(1882-1974) 美籍波兰电影制片商,他在1917年创立了自己的电影公司,1925年跟路易斯·比·迈公司合并成立了麦奇-戈尔德温-迈尔公司。他制作了许多片子,其中包括《生命中最美好的时光》 (1946年),该片获得了奥斯卡奖 〔Dalton〕American outlaw noted for his exploits as a horse thief, train robber, and leader of the Dalton gang, which included his two brothers.道尔顿,罗伯特:(1867-1892) 美国侠士,以其英勇行为出名,曾为盗马贼、劫车者和道尔顿帮的首领,其中包括他的两个兄弟〔euphorbia〕A plant of the genusEuphorbia, which includes the spurges. 大戟属植物:大戟 属植物,其中包括大戟树 〔curcuma〕Any of various tropical Asian plants of the genusCurcuma, which includes turmeric and zedoary. 姜黄属植物:任一种产于热带亚洲的姜黄 属植物,其中包括有姜黄和莪术 〔Williams〕American playwright whose works often concern family tensions and sexual anxiety. They includeThe Glass Menagerie (1944), A Streetcar Named Desire (1947), and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955). 威廉斯,田纳西:(1911-1983) 美国剧作家,他的作品通常是关于家庭的紧张关系和性焦虑。其中包括《玻璃动物园》 (1944年)、 《欲望号街车》 (1947年)和 《热铁皮屋顶上的猫》 (1955年) 〔Virginia〕A state of the eastern United States on Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. Early colonizing attempts (1584-1587) by Sir Walter Raleigh failed, but in 1607 colonists dispatched by the London Company established the first permanent settlement at Jamestown (May 13). Virginia was a prime force in the move for independence and was the site of Lord Cornwallis's surrender in 1781. Virginia seceded in April 1861 and was the scene of many major battles during the Civil War, including the final campaigns that led to the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee. Richmond is the capital and Norfolk the largest city. Population, 6,216,568.弗吉尼亚:美国东部的一个州,临近切萨皮克湾和大西洋。1788年成为首批13个殖民地之一。早期(1584年-1587年)沃特尔·雷利的殖民企图以失败告终,但在1607年,由伦敦公司派遣的殖民者第一次在詹姆斯敦设立了永久据点(5月13日)。弗吉尼亚是独立运动中的主要力量,并是1781年康华里勋爵的投降地点。弗吉利亚在1861年从联邦中脱离,成为内战中许多主要战争的战场,其中包括导致罗伯特·E·李将军投降的最后战役。首府为里士满,诺福克为最大城市。人口6,216,568〔Harper〕Family of American printers and publishers, includingJames (1795-1869), John (1797-1875), Joseph Wesley (1801-1870), and Fletcher (1806-1877). They established Harper and Brothers publishing company (1833) and founded Harper's magazine (1850). 哈珀:美国某家族名称,该家族出现了许多画家和出版商,其中包括詹姆士 (1795-1869年)、 约翰 (1797-1875年)、 约瑟夫·威斯利 (1801-1870年)和 弗莱彻 (1806-1877年),他们建立了哈珀兄弟公司并创办了 《哈珀斯》 杂志 〔Mesopotamia〕An ancient region of southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern-day Iraq. Probably settled before 5000b.c. , the area was the home of numerous early civilizations, including Sumer, Akkad, Babylonia, and Assyria. It declined in importance after Mongol invaders destroyed its extensive irrigation system in a.d. 1258. 美索不达米亚:古代西南亚介于底格里斯河和幼发拉底河之间的一个地区,位于现在的伊拉克境内。可能在公元前 5000年以前就开始有人在此定居。这一地区孕育了众多的人类早期文明,其中包括苏美尔文明、阿卡德文明、巴比伦文明和亚述文明。蒙古侵略者在 公元 1258年破坏了该地区发达的灌溉系统之后,这一地区的重要性就此减小 〔Patagonia〕A tableland region of South America in southern Argentina and Chile extending from the Río Colorado to the Straits of Magellan and from the Andes to the Atlantic Ocean. The study of its original inhabitants, the Tehuelche ("the Patagonian giants"), and its unusual wildlife have attracted many scientific expeditions, including that of Charles Darwin (1831-1836).巴塔哥尼亚高原:南美洲阿根廷南部和智利间的一高原,从里奥科罗拉多一直延伸到麦哲伦海峡,从安第斯山脉一直延伸到大西洋。因对当地土著居民特维尔彻人(巴塔哥尼亚高原巨人)和奇异的野生动物的研究,吸引了不少科学探险队,其中包括查尔斯·达尔文(1831-1836年)〔Hardy〕British writer noted for his Wessex novels, includingFar from the Madding Crowd (1874), The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), and Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891). 哈代,托马斯:(1840-1928) 英国作家,以其韦塞克斯系列小说而著名,其中包括《远离尘嚣》 (1874年)、 《卡特桥市长》 (1886年)和 《德伯家的苔丝》 (1891年) 〔Lombard〕American actress known for her comic performances in a number of films, includingMan of the World (1931) and My Man Godfrey (1936). 隆巴德,卡罗尔:(1908-1942) 美国女演员,以其在多部影片中的滑稽表演而著名,其中包括《凡人》 (1931年)和 《我男人格德弗雷》 (1936年) 〔homopterous〕Of or belonging to the order Homoptera, which includes the cicadas, aphids, and scale insects, characterized by sucking mouthparts.同翅目的:属于同翅目的,其中包括以吸口器为特点的蝉,蜂虫和介壳虫〔viverrine〕Of or belonging to the family Viverridae, which includes small carnivorous mammals such as the civets and mongooses.灵猫科的:属于或关于灵猫科的,其中包括如灵猫和獴在内的小型肉食哺乳动物〔rape〕Although three senses are listed in our entry for the verbrape, it is unlikely that many people think of the word as having more than one sense.The Latin wordrapere from which rape comes had an even wider range of meanings, including "to ravish.”It must be kept in mind, however, that most of its senses had to do with the notion of seizing or carrying offand that sexual violation was confined to the one sense.In the case of the Middle Englishwordrapen, taken from Latin rapere, fewer senses existed, but some of them differed quite significantly from any in which we would use the word today.It could mean "to fix or set a certain time" ("The tyme he wild [would] not rape" ) or "to carry off somebody to heaven from earth" ( "the visions of seynt poul wan [when] he was rapt in to paradys" ). The past participlerapt has survived in Modern English, where it has become a separate wordreferring to states of deep delight or absorption,far removed from the hideous cruelties ofrape. The sense involving these cruelties was probably present in Middle Englishand has largely taken over the word.尽管在动词rape 这一词条中,我们列了三个意思, 但实际很多人并不认为该词有这么多意思。Rape 从其起源的拉丁语单词 rapere 甚至有更多的词义, 其中包括“使销魂”这一含意。然而,我们必须记住所有这些词义都同“用武力夺取或抢走”有关,性方面的侵犯只是其中的一个意思。在中古英语中,由拉丁语rapere 一词产生的动词 rapen 的词义已经减少, 不过其中有些词义和现在的词义完全不同。它可以意为“约定或确定时间”(“他不肯 约定时间” )或“由人间带某人进入天堂”( “圣保罗进入天堂 的情景” )。 该词的过去分词rapt 仍存在于现代英语中, 在这里它已成为一个单独的单词,意为一种极其兴奋或被深深吸引的状态,这个意思与rape 一词丑恶的词义相去甚远。 与残酷行为有关的词义可能在中世纪就存在,后来被保留了下来〔calmodulin〕A calcium-binding protein found in all nucleated cells that affects the activity of many calcium-sensitive enzymes, including those involved in muscular contraction.钙调蛋白,钙调素,携钙素:存在于真核细胞的含钙蛋白质,能影响许多钙调控酶的作用,其中包括和肌肉收缩有关的酶〔Sapphic〕Of, relating to, or being an Aeolic verse of 11 syllables, consisting of a first part of 4 syllables, a central choriamb, and a final part of 3 syllables.萨福诗体的:象埃奥利克诗体的由十一个音节组成的,其中包括四个首音节、一个扬抑抑扬格中心和三个末音节〔Jones〕American educator and writer. His many books on American society includeO Strange New World, which won a Pulitzer Prize in 1965. 琼斯,霍华德·芒福德:(1892-1980) 美国教育家、作家。他著有许多关于美国社会的书,其中包括《噢,奇异的新世界》 (此书获1965年普利策奖) 〔Getz〕American tenor saxophonist who played in several big bands, including those of Benny Goodman and Woody Herman. He is also known for his bossa nova recordings, especially "The Girl from Ipanema" (1963).盖兹,史丹:在数个大型乐团中演奏的美国次中音萨克斯风手,其中包括班尼,古德曼及伍迪,赫尔曼的乐团,他也以其桑巴舞曲与摩登爵士混合的音乐唱片著名,尤其是《来自伊潘尼玛的女孩》(1963年)〔tarok〕A card game developed in Italy in the 14th century, played with a 78-card pack consisting of four suits plus the 22 tarot cards as trumps.塔罗克纸牌戏:14世纪出现于意大利的一种纸牌戏,玩时需78张牌,其中包括四套花色的牌加上22张塔罗纸牌作为王牌〔cosmography〕The study of the visible universe that includes geography and astronomy.宇宙结构学:研究有形宇宙的科学,其中包括地理学和天文学〔isopod〕Any of numerous crustaceans of the order Isopoda, characterized by a flattened body bearing seven pairs of legs and including the sow bugs and gribbles.等足类动物:一种等足目甲壳动物,特征是具有一个带有七对足的扁平身体,其中包括潮虫和蛀木水虱〔Champion〕American dancer who choreographed and directed many musicals, includingHello Dolly! (1964). 尚普兰,高尔:(1921-1980) 美国舞蹈演员,曾编舞和执导了许多音乐舞剧,其中包括《你好,多丽!》 (1964年) 〔Yellowstone〕A river, about 1,080 km (671 mi) long, of northwest Wyoming and southern and eastern Montana. It flows northward throughYellowstone Lake and Yellowstone National Park then east and northeast to the Missouri River. The park includes numerous geysers, including Old Faithful. 黄石河:美国怀俄明州西北部和蒙大纳州南部及东部的一条河流,长约1080公里(671英里),向北流经黄石湖 和 黄石国家公园 ,然后向东和东北流入密苏里河,该公园有大量间歇泉,其中包括旧费斯富尔泉 |
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