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释义 〔harebrained〕The first part of the compoundharebrained is often misspelled hair in the belief that the meaning of the word is "with a hair-sized brain" rather than "with no more sense than a hare.”Thoughhairbrained has a long history, this spelling is not established usage.复合词harebrained 的前半部分常被错拼为 hair , 因为人们认为该词的含义更接近于“没什么头脑的”而不是“象野兔一样愚蠢的”。虽然后一种写法hairbrained 的产生已经有一段很长的历史, 但这种写法仍不是公认的用法〔awhile〕Awhile, an adverb, is never preceded by a preposition such as for, but the two-word forma while may be preceded by a preposition. In writing, each of the following is acceptable:stay awhile; stay for a while; stay a while (but not stay for awhile ). Awhile 作为副词从不置于介词,如 for 之后, 但介词可放在两个词组成的a while 之前。 在书面语中,以下几种写法都是可以接受的:stay awhile;stay for a while;stay a while (但是不能写成 stay for awhile ) 〔stichometry〕The division of a prose piece into lines of fixed length or into lines whose lengths correspond to the natural divisions of sense, as in manuscripts written before the adoption of punctuation.散文分行法:将散文分成有固定长度的行或按意义分割成有相同长度的行,如加标点前在手稿里的写法〔enharmonic〕Of, relating to, or involving tones that are identical in pitch but are written differently according to the key in which they occur.等音的:在音高上一致但按其所在主调的出现而写法不同的音调的〔but〕Traditional grammarians have worried over what form the pronoun ought to take whenbut is used to indicate an exception in sentences such as No one but I (or No one but me ) has read it. Some have argued thatbut is a conjunction in these sentences and therefore should be followed by the nominative formI. However, many of these grammarians have gone on to argue somewhat inconsistentlythat the accusative formme is appropriate when the but phrase occurs at the end of a sentence, as inNo one has read it but me. While this treatment of the construction has a considerable weight of precedent on its sideand cannot be regarded as incorrect,a strong case can be made on grammatical grounds for treating this use ofbut as a preposition. For one thing, ifbut were truly a conjunction here, we would expect the verb to agree in person and number with the noun or pronoun followingbut; we would then sayNo one but the students have read it. What is more, ifbut were a true conjunction here we would not expect that it could be moved to the end of a clause, as inNo one has read it but the students. Note that we cannot use the conjunctionand in a similar way, saying John left and everyone else in the class in place of John and everyone else in the class left. These observations suggest thatbut is best considered as a preposition here and followed by accusative forms such asme and them in all positions: No one but me has read it. No one has read it but me. These recommendations are supported by 73 percent of the Usage Panel when thebut phrase precedes the verb and by 93 percent when thebut phrase follows the verb. · But is redundant when used together with however, as in But the army, however, went on with its plans; one or the other word should be eliminated. ·But is generally not followed by a comma. Correct written style requiresKim wanted to go, but we stayed, not Kim wanted to go, but, we stayed. · But may be used to begin a sentence at all levels of style. See Usage Note at and ,cannot ,doubt ,however ,I 1传统的语法学家考虑当but 用于表示例外的意思时应该用什么形式的代词,比如 No one but I (或者 No one but me ) has read it 。 有人认为but 在这种句子中是个连词, 因此应该使用主格I。 然而许多语法学家接下来的讨论有些不一致,即当but 短语出现在句子末尾时用宾格 me 比较合适, 如No one has read it but me(除我以外没有人读过它)。 同时这种结构前置处理的重要性是值得考虑的,并且不会被认为是不正确的,一个有力的例子在语法范畴内,认为but 在这里作介词使用。 首先如果but 在此真是一个连词的话, 我们会期望同名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致的动词跟在but 后面; 我们会说No one but the students have read it(除学生以外没有人读过它)。 再者,如果but 在此真是连词的话,我们不希望它被放在句子末尾, 如在句子No one has read it but the students 中。 注意我们不以类似的方式来使用连词and ,说 John left and everyone else in the class 来代替 John and everyone else in the class left。 这些发现表明but 在此最好被当作介词, 在任何位置后面都应跟宾格形式如me 和 them : No one but me has read it. No one has read it but me(除了我没人读过它)。 当but 短语放在动词之前时,有百分之七十三的用法专题使用小组成员支持这些提议; 而当but 短语放在动词之后时,得到百分之九十三的小组成员的支持。 But 在同 however 一起使用时是多余的,如 But the army, however, went on with its plans; 这两个词必须去掉其中一个。But 通常后面不加逗号。 正确的写法是Kim wanted to go, but we stayed, 而不是 Kim wanted to go, but, we stayed 。 But 可以放在所有文体标准的句子开头 参见 and,cannot,doubt,however,I1
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