| 单词 | 准则 |
| 释义 | 〔principle〕A rule or standard, especially of good behavior:准则，道义：规则或标准，尤指正确行为的标准：〔normal〕Abbr. norm.Conforming with, adhering to, or constituting a norm, standard, pattern, level, or type; typical:缩写 norm.正常的：符合、遵循或构成一个准则、标准、方式、水平或形式的；典型的：〔unprofessional〕unprofessional behavior.违反职业准则的行为举止〔guidepost〕Something that serves as a guide or an example; a guideline.准则：作为指导或榜样的东西；指导路线〔conventionality〕conventionalities The rules of conventional social behavior. conventionalities 惯例：符合习俗的社会行为举止之准则〔seduce〕To lead away from duty, accepted principles, or proper conduct.See Synonyms at lure 诱…误入歧途：引导背离职责、为公众接受的准则、或正确的行为 参见 lure〔be〕Traditional grammar requires the nominative form of the pronoun in the predicate of the verbbe : It is I (not me ); That must be they (not them ), and so forth. Even literate speakers of Modern English have found the rule difficult to conform to,but the stigmatization ofIt is me is by now so deeply lodged among the canons of correctness that there is little likelihood that the construction will ever be entirely acceptable in formal writing.Adherence to the traditional rule in informal speech, however, has come to sound increasingly pedantic,and begins to sound absurd when the verb is contracted, as inIt's we. · The traditional rule creates particular problems when the pronoun followingbe also functions as the object of a verb or preposition in a relative clause, as in It is not them/they that we have in mind when we talk about "crime in the streets" nowadays, where the plural pronoun serves as both the predicate ofis and the object of have. In this example, 57 percent of the Usage Panel preferred the nominative formthey, 33 percent preferred the accusativethem, and 10 percent accepted both versions.But H.W. Fowler, like other authorities, argued that the use of the nominative here is an error caused by "the temptation . . . to assume, perhaps from hearingIt is me corrected to It is I, that a subjective [nominative] case cannot be wrong after the verb to be. ” Writers can usually find a way to avoid this problem: They are not the ones we have in mind, We have someone else in mind, and so on. See Usage Note at I 1we 传统语法要求系动词谓语中的代词用主格形式be ： It is I （而不是 me ）； That must be they （而不是 them ），等等。 即使现代英语有文化的人也发现很难遵守这个规则，而It is me 的烙印现在已深刻地印入了判断是否正确的准则之中， 以致很少有可能使这种用法在正式书面语中被完全接受。但是在非正式讲话中奉行传统规则已经日益变得象在卖弄学问。并且当系动词被缩减时，就象在It's we 中一样，听起来反而象是不合语法的。 当代词跟在be 后面做动词宾语或做关系从句中的介语宾语时，传统的规则就象在 当我们谈到当今“街上的犯罪”时，他们不是我们心中所想的那些人， 句中复数代词同时充当is 的宾语和 have 的宾语。 在这个例子中57%的用法使用小组更喜欢用主格形式they， 33%更喜欢用宾格形式them， 而10%则两种都接受。但是象其他的权威一样，H.W.福勒争论道，在这里用主格是一个错误，它之所以错是因为“多半听到了It is me 都被改正成 It is I 而拿不定主意，以为主格的情况在动词 to be 后面不可能错。” 作家们常常能够找到一个办法来避免这个问题： 他们不是我们所想的人，我们脑子里想的是另一些人等等 参见 I1we〔anomie〕Alienation and purposelessness experienced by a person or a class as a result of a lack of standards and values.缺规，失范：个人或阶层由于准则和价值观的缺失而经历的疏远和无目的状态〔Bushido〕The traditional code of the Japanese samurai, stressing honor, self-discipline, bravery, and simple living.武士道：一种日本武士阶级的传统习俗准则，强调忠诚、自制、勇敢和简朴的生活〔normative〕Of, relating to, or prescribing a norm or standard:标准的：规范的或标准的，与此相关的或指定一个准则或标准的：〔guild〕An association of persons of the same trade or pursuits, formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards.协会，同业工会：从事同种行业或有着共同利益和目的的人，为保护共同的利益和维持各种准则而组成的协会〔freedom〕 License sometimes denotes deliberate deviation from normally applicable rules or practices to achieve a desired effect, as in literature or art: License 总意味着（如在文学或艺术上）为达到理想的效果而故意偏离通常适当的准则或惯例： 〔etiquette〕The visiting prime minister, dispensing with protocol, exchanged informal reminiscences with her neighbor at the table. The word now often denotes simply a code of correct conduct: 来访的总理不拘礼节地与其邻座叙旧。 这个词现在常仅指关于正确行为的准则： 〔ossification〕Rigid, unimaginative convention.成规：死板的、无想象力的准则〔axiomatic〕"the axiomatic pillars of a new code of the law of nations"(William Taylor)“国家法律新准则的公理的支柱”(威廉·泰勒)〔principle〕The collectivity of moral or ethical standards or judgments:道德标准：道德或伦理标准或准则的集合体：〔anarchy〕Absence of any cohesive principle, such as a common standard or purpose.混乱，无秩序：无任何凝聚性准则，如共同标准或目标〔law〕A set of rules or principles dealing with a specific area of a legal system:法规：与一法律体系中某一特定领域有关的一套规范或准则：〔law〕the unwritten laws of good sportsmanship.运动员精神的不成文准则〔formula〕A method of doing or treating something that relies on an established, uncontroversial model or approach:准则，方案：依据惯用的、无争议的模式或方法而采取的对某些事情的做法或处理方式：〔principle〕a decision based on principle rather than expediency.基于准则而非权宜的决定〔Islamize〕To cause to conform to Islamic law or precepts.使…遵从伊斯兰的法律或准则〔lure〕I'm tempted to tell him what I really think of him. Toseduce is to entice away, as from duty, accepted principles, or proper conduct; it usually suggests the overcoming of moral resistance: 我忍不住要告诉他我对他的真实看法。 Seduce 意为诱惑使脱离职责、公认的准则或适当的行为； 它通常指摆脱道德的约束力： 〔conventional〕Conforming to established practice or accepted standards; traditional:传统的：遵循被确定的惯例或者被认可的准则的；传统的：〔outlaw〕A rebel; a nonconformist:反叛者：反抗者；不遵照准则的人：〔honor〕A code of integrity, dignity, and pride, chiefly among men, that was maintained in some societies, as in feudal Europe, by force of arms.社会礼法：在某些社会，象封建时期的欧洲以武力维护的正直、尊严和骄傲的准则，主要对男人而言〔book〕A set of prescribed standards or rules on which decisions are based:制度：一套规定好的用以作为决策基础的标准或准则：〔sentencing〕sentencing guidelines for juvenile defendants.对年轻被告的判决准则〔criterion〕A standard, rule, or test on which a judgment or decision can be based.See Synonyms at standard 标准：一种基以作出判断或决定的标准、准则或测试 参见 standard〔habit〕 Usage refers to customary practice that has become an accepted standard for a groupand thus regulates individual behavior: Usage 是一种已成为被公众接受的群体行为准则，而能约束个人行为的习惯性作法： 〔freedom〕"the intolerable license with which the newspapers break . . . the rules of decorum" (Edmund Burke). “被报纸利用来破坏文学准则的令人难忍受的破格” （爱德蒙·伯克）〔moral〕 Ethical stresses conformity with idealistic standards of right and wrong,as those applicable to the practices of lawyers and doctors: Ethical 强调与理想中的是非标准保持一致，如律师和医生们遵循的适当准则： 〔stuffy〕Rigidly adhering to standards of conduct; strait-laced:自以为是的：僵硬地坚持行为的准则的；拘谨的： |
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