| 单词 | 准确 |
| 释义 | 〔photographic〕Resembling a photograph, especially representing or simulating something with great accuracy and fidelity of detail.像照片的：和照片相像的，尤指细节准确、高度精确的与某物相似〔clockwork〕With machinelike regularity and precision; perfectly:精确地，有规律地：类似机器的规律和准确地；精确地：〔graphic〕The central meaning shared by these adjectives is "strikingly sharp and accurate": 这些形容词共有的中心意义是“极其清楚和准确的”： 〔Halley〕English astronomer who applied Newton's laws of motion to predict correctly the period of a comet (1705).哈雷，埃德蒙：(1656-1742) 英国天文学家， 1705年运用牛顿的运动定律准确预测了一颗彗星的出现周期〔tune〕The state of being properly adjusted for pitch:正确的音高：音高调整准确的状态：〔flat〕Exactly; precisely:准确地；精确地：〔carry〕To sing (a melody, for example) on key:唱得合调：音调准确地演唱（如一支歌）：〔precise〕Exact, as in performance, execution, or amount; accurate or correct:精确的，正确的：如在实行、实施或数量上很准确的；精确的或准确的：〔Baade〕German-born American astronomer whose research led to more accurate measurement of interstellar distances.巴德，沃尔特：(1893-1960) 美籍德裔天文学家，他的研究使星际距离的测量更加准确〔defocus〕The act or result of causing a lens to deviate from accurate focus.散焦，去焦：使透镜偏离准确的焦点的行为或结果〔defocus〕To cause (a beam or a lens) to deviate from accurate focus.（使）散焦：使（一束光或一个透镜）从准确的焦点上偏散开来〔outsight〕The faculty or act of clearly perceiving and understanding external things.观察、观察力：清楚准确地感觉并理解外界事情的能力或行为〔fidelity〕The degree to which an electronic system accurately reproduces the sound or image of its input signal.保真度：指电子系统准确地重新产生接收到的声音或图象的程度〔read〕How does your new watch read?你的新手表显示准确吗?〔true〕Quick and exact in sensing and responding.准确的：感觉及反应迅速准确的〔exactly〕In an exact manner; accurately.精确地，确切地：以精确的方式；准确地〔teach〕The violinist had been schooled to practice slowly to assure accurate intonation.小提琴手慢慢地训练找到准确的音调。〔target〕Completely accurate, precise, or valid:击中要害的，准确的：完全准确的、精确的或有效的：〔right〕answered the question right.准确地回答出问题〔photographic〕Capable of forming accurate and lasting impressions:能形成准确而持久印象的：〔register〕Exact alignment of the lines and margins on the opposite sides of a leaf.对准印刷：再一页纸的正反两面行或空白边缘的准确排列〔indeterminate〕Lacking clarity or precision, as in meaning; vague:模糊的：缺乏清晰或准确的，例如在意思上；含糊的：〔clockwork〕The project proceeded like clockwork.计划准确地进行着〔exact〕Strictly and completely in accord with fact; not deviating from truth or reality:准确的，确切的：严格并完全地按照事实的；与真理或现实毫无偏离的：〔precision〕Used or intended for accurate or exact measurement:精密的：用于或意在进行精确或准确测量的：〔acumen〕Quickness, accuracy, and keenness of judgment or insight.敏锐，聪明：判断或洞察力的快速，准确及敏捷〔equal〕It has been argued thatequal is an absolute term— two quantities either are or are not equal—and hence cannot be qualified as to degree.Therefore one cannot logically speak ofa more equal allocation of resources among the departments. However, this usage was accepted by 71 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey.What is more, objection to the usage betrays a widespread but questionable assumptionthat it is in mathematics and logic that we find the model of accuracy most appropriate to the everyday use of language,a supposition that also underlies traditional grammatical discussions of words such asunique, parallel, and center. According to this account,the "precise" or "literal" meaning ofequal is realized in the use of the equal sign in an arithmetic expression such as 5 + 2 = 7; and the ordinary-language uses of the term,though they may be permissible,represent "loose" or "imprecise" extensions of that sense.But in fact the mathematical concept of equality is a poor model for using the wordequal to describe relations between things in the world. As applied to such things,statements of equality are always relative to an implicit standard of tolerance.When someone saysThe two boards are of equal length, we assume that the equality is reckoned to some order of approximation determined by the context;if we did not,we would be required always to usenearly equal when speaking of the dimensions of physical objects. What is more,we often want to predicate equality of things that do not admit of quantitative measurement,as when we sayThe college draft was introduced in an effort to make the teams in the National Football League as equal as possible, orThe candidates for the job should all be given equal consideration. In all such cases,equality is naturally a gradient notionand so is amenable to modification in degree.This much is evident from the existence of the wordunequal. The prefixun- attaches only to gradient adjectives: we sayunmanly but not unmale; and the worduneven can be applied to a surface (whose evenness may be a matter of degree) but not to a number (whose evenness is an either-or affair). ·The adverbequally is generally regarded as redundant when used in combination with as, and the following examples employingequally as were termed unacceptable by 63 percent of the Usage Panel in an earlier survey: 单词equal 一向被认为是一个很绝对的词语—— 两个数量要么相同要么不同——这样就不能有程度上的差别。所以，如果有人说在各部门间对资源更公平的分配 ，那么就不合逻辑了。 但是这种用法在早先的用法调查中被百分之七十一用法使用小组的人接受。而且，对这种用法的反对体现出了一种很流行但却值得怀疑的假设，那就是我们从数学和逻辑中得出适用于日常语言准确性的实例，而这种假设也可从我们对一些词，如unique，parallel 和 center 传统的语法讨论中体现出来。 根据这个解释，equal “准确”或“书面”的意思则是由在算术表达式，如5+2=7中所运用的相同的符号而表达清楚的； 而该词在日常语言中的用法，虽然被允许，但却代表了其含意“松散”或“不严谨”的引申。但是实际上用数学概念上的相等来运用equal 这个词描述世上各种事物之间的关系是一个很差劲的例子。 当该词应用于生活中的事物时，相等的观念往往与暗含的容忍相关联。当有人说两块木板同样长 时， 我们会认为由于上下文的关系，相等可以被看作大约近似；如果我们不这样想，那么当我们谈到物体的尺寸时，就要经常使用nearly equal 。 另外，我们常常会预测和数量无关的事物的相同性，比如我们会说，引入大学的要求是为了使全国足球联合会中的各队尽可能平等 ， 或者应给予该项工作的应征者同等的考虑 。 在所有这些例子中，相等是个可变化的概念，所以可在程度有所不同。Unequal 这个词的存在就是很好的证明。 un- 这个前缀只附加于有程序变化的形容词， 我们说unmanly 但不说 unmale ； 而uneven 这个词只能用于某物的表面（其平坦可有程度上的差别）， 而不能用于数目（数目只能说相等或不相等）。Equally 这一副词在与 as 连用时通常被认为是多余的， 在早先的用法调查中，以下这些使用equally as 的句子遭到百分之六十三使用小组的人反对： 〔register〕A state of proper alignment:井然有序：准确排成一条直线的状态：〔fast〕Indicating a time somewhat ahead of the actual time:快的，稍早的：比准确的时间提前一些的：〔true〕In accord with reality, fact, or truthfulness.准确地，真实地：符合现实、事实或真实地〔explicit〕"generalizations that are powerful, precise, and explicit"(Frederick Turner)“有力、准确而又清楚的概括”(弗雷德里克·特纳)〔rigorous〕Rigidly accurate; precise.See Synonyms at burdensome 严密的，精确的：非常严格准确的；精确的 参见 burdensome〔direct〕Consisting of the exact words of the writer or speaker:直接的：包括作者或讲话者准确的语句的：〔thermocouple〕A thermoelectric device used to measure temperatures accurately, especially one consisting of two dissimilar metals joined so that a potential difference generated between the points of contact is a measure of the temperature difference between the points.热电偶：用于准确测量温度的热电子元件，尤指一个热电子元件，由两种连在一起的不同金属组成，这样连结点间产生的电压变化就是两点间温度差异的量度〔blazon〕To paint or depict (a coat of arms) with accurate detail.细致准确地绘制或描绘（纹章）〔true〕Unswervingly; exactly:准确地：不动摇地；确切地：〔exact〕an exact account; an exact replica; your exact words.准确真实的报道；与原物一模一样的复制品；你的准确用词〔accuracy〕Conformity to fact.准确：与事实一致〔kludge〕The wordkludge is not "etymologist-friendly,” having many possible origins,none of which can be definitively established.This term, found frequently in the jargon of the engineering and computer professions,denotes a usually workable but makeshift system, modification, solution, or repair.Kludge has had a relatively short life (first recorded in 1962 although it is said to have been used as early as 1944 or 1945) for a word with so many possible origins. The proposed sources of the word, Germanklug, kluge, "intelligent, clever,” or a blend ofklutz and nudge or klutz and refudge, do not contain all the necessary sounds to give us the word,correctly pronounced at least.The notions thatkludge may have been coined by a computer technician or that it might be the last name of a designer of graphics hardware seem belied by the possibility that it is older than such origins would allow.It seems most likely that the wordkludge originally was formed during the course of a specific situation in which such a device was called for.The makers of the word,if still alive,are no doubt unaware that etymologists need informationso they can stop trying to "kludge" an etymology together.单词kludge 不是“词源学家的朋友”， 有很多可能的来源，每一个都不能准确成立。这个词，经常在工程和电脑业的行话中找到，表示一个通常能工作但是临时凑合的系统、修改、解答或修理。作为一个有这么多可能的来源的词，kludge 却有一个相对小的年纪（1962年第一次有记载，尽管据说早到1944年或1945年就已经使用）。 该词被推荐的来源是德文klug, kluge “聪明的，灵巧的”， 或者klutz 和 nudge 的混合或 klutz 和 refudge 的混合， 没有包含能向我们给出这个词的所有必需的声音，至少是正确的发音。kludge 可能是由电脑技术人员杜撰的或者它可能是图形显示硬件的一名设计者的姓， 这些看法由于它比这些来源能允许的时间要早的可能性而被误解。看起来最可能的是单词kludge ， 最早是在需要这样的设备的特定环境中形成的。这一单词的制造者，如果还健在的话，毫无疑问意识不到词源学家需要此类信息，这样他们才能终止“临时搭配”成一个词源的努力〔call〕To indicate or characterize accurately in advance; predict:预测：预先表明或准确地描述其特性；预测： |
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