| 单词 | 分裂 |
| 释义 | 〔pinnatisect〕Divided pinnately nearly to the midrib. Used of certain leaves.羽状全裂的：接近中脉的羽状分裂的。用来指某种叶子〔Berlin〕[bûr-lĭnʹ] The capital and largest city of Germany, in the northeast part of the country. Divided between 1945 and 1990 intoEast Berlin and West Berlin, it was the center of the Prussian state and after 1871 was the capital of the German Empire. The division of the city grew out of the zones of occupation established at the end of World War II. The Berlin Wall, a wire and concrete barrier, was erected by the East German government in August 1961 and dismantled in November 1989. Population, 3,034,118. [bûr-lĭnʹ] 柏林：德国首都和最大城市，在德国的东北部。从1945年到1990年被划分为东柏林 和 西柏林， 它曾是普鲁士国的中心和1871年之后日耳曼帝国的首都。二次大战结束时形成的战领区导致了该城的分裂。 柏林围墙， 一道电缆和水泥屏障，于1961年8月由东德政府竖起，于1989年十一月被推倒。人口3,034,118 〔dissolution〕Decomposition into fragments or parts; disintegration.分裂，分解：碎片或几部分；分解〔spermatocyte〕A diploid cell that undergoes meiosis to form four spermatids. A primary spermatocyte divides into two secondary spermatocytes, which in turn divide to form the spermatids.精母细胞：经过减数分裂形成四个精细胞的双倍体细胞。一个精母细胞可分裂成两个次精母细胞，而这两个次精母细胞则又能再次分裂形成精细胞〔Arles〕A medieval kingdom of eastern and southeast France. It was formed in 933 and gradually split up after 1246.阿尔勒：法国东部和东南部一中世纪王国。建于933年，1246年后逐渐分裂〔goldthread〕Any of several plants of the genusCoptis, having white flowers, slender yellow roots, ternately divided evergreen leaves, and clusters of follicles. 黄莲：一种黄莲属 的植物，有白花，根又黄又细，分裂的常绿三出叶，有成簇的骨突 〔decomposition〕The act or result of decomposing; disintegration.分解或分解结果；分裂〔pick〕To break up, separate, or detach by means of a sharp, pointed instrument.撬：用锋利尖锐的工具分裂、分离或分开〔Anaximander〕Greek philosopher and astronomer who speculated that the universe arose out of the separation of opposite qualities from one primordial substance.阿那克西曼德：希腊哲学家和天文学家，他猜测宇宙由一个原生质的相反品种分裂产生〔incendiary〕One who creates or stirs up factionism or sedition; an agitator.煽动者：引起或煽动分裂或骚乱的人；鼓动者〔insubordinate〕 Factious implies the promotion or existence of divisiveness, dissension, or disunity within a group or an organization: Factious 暗指一个团体或组织内部分裂、不和或不团结的存在或加剧： 〔amitosis〕Direct cell division by simple cleavage of the nucleus, without spindle formation or the appearance of chromosomes.无丝分裂，直接核分裂：仅由神经核分裂直接完成的细胞分裂，而无需纺垂体的形成或染色体的出现〔Austria〕A landlocked country of central Europe. A Roman and Carolingian territory, it was later a powerful empire ruled by the Hapsburgs. The empire was broken up in 1918, and the republic of Austria was annexed by Adolf Hitler in 1938. Full sovereignty was restored in 1955. Vienna is the capital and the largest city. Population, 7,555,338.奥地利：欧洲中部的内陆国。曾为古罗马及加洛林王朝疆域，后成为哈布斯堡统治下的强大帝国。于1918年分裂，奥地利共和国于1938年被阿道夫·希特勒吞并。于1955年收回全部主权。维也纳是该国首都及最大的城市。人口7,555,338〔schist〕from Greek skhistos [split, divisible] 源自 希腊语 skhistos [分裂的，分开的] 〔rent〕A breach of relations between persons or groups; a rift.分裂：个人或团体之间的关系的一种决裂；裂痕〔oocyte〕A cell from which an egg or ovum develops by meiosis; a female gametocyte.卵母细胞：一种通过分裂产生卵子的细胞，是一种雌性配子母细胞〔dialysis〕from dialuein [to break up, dissolve] 源自 dialuein [分裂，溶解] 〔Constable〕British landscape painter whose use of broken color influenced later French painters.The Hay Wain (1821) is his best-known work. 康斯太伯，约翰：(1776-1837) 英国风景画家，他对分裂色彩的使用影响了后来的法国画家们。《干草车》 （1821年）是他最著名的作品 〔schistocyte〕Greek skhistos [split] * see schist 希腊语 skhistos [分裂] * 参见 schist〔lobate〕Having lobes; lobed.有裂片的；分裂的〔Saxony〕A historical region of northern Germany. The original home of the Saxons, it was conquered by Charlemagne in the 8th century and became a duchy after his death. Its borders were eventually extended southeastward as the region was subdivided and redivided. The dukes of Saxony became electors of the Holy Roman Empire in 1356, and in 1806 the elector was elevated to kingship but lost half his territory to Prussia in 1815. A later kingdom of Saxony was part of the German Empire (1871-1918).撒克逊：德国北部的一个历史地区，原来是撒克逊人的家园，8世纪被查理曼征服，并在他死后成为一公国。由于分裂和重新划分，这一地区的边界最终向东南方向拓展，1356年撒克森大公成为神圣罗马帝国的诸侯，1860年撒克森大公加冕称帝，但是将他的一半领地给予普鲁士(1815年），后来的撒克逊王国成为德意志帝国(1871-1918年）的一部分〔meristem〕Greek meristos [divided] from merizein [to divide] from meris [division] * see (s)mer- 2希腊语 meristos [分开的] 源自 merizein [分开] 源自 meris [分裂] * 参见 (s)mer- 2〔chromatid〕Either of the two daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome that are joined by a single centromere and separate during cell division to become individual chromosomes.染色单体：染色体复制产生的两个单体中的一个，由细胞分裂过程中染色体在一个着丝点上分裂形成单个染色体〔fissiparous〕Reproducing by biological fission.裂殖的：由生物分裂而生殖的〔orderly〕Devoid of violence or disruption; peaceful:和平的：没有暴力或分裂的；和平的：〔schism〕from skhizein [to split] * see skei- 源自 skhizein [分裂] * 参见 skei- 〔pinnatifid〕Divided or cleft in a pinnate fashion. Used of certain leaves.羽状半裂的：羽状分裂或劈开的。用来指某种叶子〔fissure〕The process of splitting or separating; division.分裂：裂开或分开的过程;分裂〔schistocyte〕A red blood cell undergoing fragmentation.裂细胞：分裂的血红细胞〔principle〕Despite generations of spelling lessons,the wordsprinciple and principal are still commonly confused. Perhaps an understanding of their history will help in keeping them straight.Both words go back to the same Latin word,prīnceps, meaning "first, as in time, position, or authority.”The split that has caused all the trouble occurred in the next stage of development.Fromprīnceps were derived the noun prīncipium, "start, origin, guiding principle,” the adjectiveprīncipālis, "first in importance or esteem,” and the noun prīncipālis, "a leading citizen.” Clearly the latter two words with theā between the p and the l have given us the adjectiveprincipal (first recorded around 1300) and the noun principal (also first recorded in a work composed around 1300).Perhaps it should not be mentioned that one Middle English spelling for the noun wasprinciple. On the other hand,the Latin wordprīncipium and its Old French descendant principe were involved in the creation of the word principle in Middle English, first recorded in a work written around 1380.Words likemanciple and participle influenced the spelling of this new word, but again perhaps we should keep silent about the fact that we also find the word spelledprincipal and prinsipal in Middle English. A key point to remember about these seemingly aberrant Middle English spellings isthat in Middle English spelling was not nearly as fixed as it usually is today,a development that was much furthered by the invention of printing.When we interchange spellings forprinciple and principal, we are doing something that would have been less of a fault in the days before the conformity imposed on us by this marvelous invention. 尽管在拼写课上反复强调，principle 和 principal 还是被人们搞混。 或许了解一下这两个词的历史有助于我们弄清楚它们的拼写。两个词都可追溯到同一个拉丁词princeps， 意为“在时间，地位或权威上第一的”。引起所有麻烦的分裂出现在发展过程的下一个阶段。从princeps 派生出了名词 principium， 意为“开端，根源，指导性原则，” 形容词principalis “最重要的或最受尊敬的”及名词 principalis 意为“处于领导地位的公民”。 显然，后两个词在p 和 l 之间带有 ā， 这就使我们有了形容词principal （最早记录于1300年左右）和名词 principal （最早记录也是在大约1300年左右创作的作品中）。或许我们不应提到这个名词在中古英语中的一种拼法是principle 。 另一方面，拉丁词principium 和其古法词的派生词 principe 共同作用创造了中古英语单词 principle， 最早记录于写于约1380年的一部作品。象manciple 和 participle 这样的单词都影响了这个新单词的拼写， 但是或许我们应该再一次对于这个单词也曾在中古英语中被拼写成principal 和 prinsipal 这一事实保持沉默。 记住这些在中古英语中貌似反常的拼写的关键在于，在中古英语中的拼写方式几乎不象今天这么固定，因为当时还没有发明印刷术。当这项神奇的发明把拼写一致的原则加到我们头上之前，我们把principle 和 principal 的拼写互相交换，也算不上什么大错 〔discord〕Conflict suggests antagonism of ideas or interests that often results in hostility or divisiveness: Conflict 意为观点或兴趣相对抗而经常导致敌对行为或分裂： 〔sporogony〕Reproduction by multiple fission of a spore or zygote, characteristic of many sporozoans. Sporogony results in the production of sporozoites.孢子生殖：通过一个孢子或受精卵的扩大分裂而生殖，以众多的孢体为特征。孢子生殖导致孢子的产生〔blastula〕An early embryonic form produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consisting of a spherical layer of cells surrounding a fluid-filled cavity. Also called blastosphere 囊胚：由分裂受精卵产生的早期胚胎外形，由围绕充满液体的洞的球形细胞层组成 也作 blastosphere〔Duffy〕Irish-born writer and political leader in Ireland and Australia. A nationalist, he emigrated from Ireland to Australia after the breakup of the Independent Irish Party (1856). In Australia he held several posts, including prime minister (1871-1872).达菲，查尔斯·迦凡：(1816-1903) 爱尔兰裔爱尔兰及澳大利亚的作家和政治领袖，作为一个民族主义者，他在独立爱尔兰党分裂后从爱尔兰移民至澳大利亚(1856年），他在澳大利亚担任数个职位，包括首相职位〔choripetalous〕Having separate petals; polypetalous.离瓣的：具有分裂的花瓣；多瓣的〔sphalerite〕The primary ore of zinc, occurring in usually yellow-brown or brownish-black crystals or cleavage masses, essentially ZnS with some cadmium, iron, and manganese. Also called blende ,zinc blende 闪锌矿：锌的一种主要矿石，通常以黄棕色或棕黑色晶体或分裂块存在，主要是指含有镉、铁及锰的硫化锌 也作 blende,zinc blende〔splinter〕A sharp, slender piece, as of wood, bone, glass, or metal, split or broken off from a main body.裂片、碎片、尖片：尖而细的片物，如木头、骨头、玻璃、金属等从主体上分裂或剥离下来的东西〔split〕A breach or rupture in a group.团体的破裂或分裂〔whipsaw〕"Our internal divisions handed the Soviet leadership an irresistible opportunity to whipsaw us"(Henry A. Kissinger)“我们内部的分裂给苏联领导层提供了一个无法抗拒的机会以同时打击我们的双方”(亨利A.基辛格)〔blastoderm〕The layer of cells formed by the cleavage of a fertilized mammalian egg. It later divides into the three germ layers from which the embryo develops.胚盘：由哺乳动物受精卵分裂而形成的细胞层。后期分裂为三层，胚胎由此发育 |
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