| 单词 | 列为 |
| 释义 | 〔polonium〕A naturally radioactive metallic element, occurring in minute quantities as a product of radium disintegration and produced by bombarding bismuth or lead with neutrons. It has 27 isotopes ranging in mass number from 192 to 218, of which Po 210, with a half-life of 138.39 days, is the most readily available. Atomic number 84; melting point 254°C; boiling point 962°C; specific gravity 9.32; valence 2, 4. See table at element 钋：一种具有天然辐射性的金属元素，作为镭分裂的产物以极小量出现，可通过用中子轰击铋或铅获得。它从192到218的质量数中可排列为27种同位素，其中的钋210半衰期达138.39天，是最易得到的同位素。原子序数84；熔点254°C；沸点962°C；比重9.32；化合价2, 4 参见 element〔loan〕The verbloan is well established in American usage and cannot be considered incorrect.The frequent objections to the form by American grammarians may have originatedfrom a provincial deference to British critics,who long ago labeled the usage a typical Americanism.Butloan is used only to describe physical transactions, as of money or goods.For figurative transactions,lend is the only possible form: 动词loan 在美国英语中的用法已根深蒂固， 不能认为是不确切的。美国语法专家们之所以对这一形式经常提出异议，是出于对英国批评家的狭隘尊崇，他们很久以来一直把这一用法列为典型美国腔。但loan 只用于描述物质交易， 如钱或商品。至于象征性的交易，只可能用lend ： 〔list〕To put (oneself) in a specific category:列为：把（自己）归入某一类别：〔catalog〕an item that catalogs for 200 dollars.目录中列为要两百美元的一件商品〔shyster〕The origin ofshyster was not known for certain until recently. According to one etymology,shyster comes from the surname of one Scheuster, a disreputable and almost certainly nonexistent mid-19th-century attorney.In his bookHuman Words, a collection of words formed from the names of people, Robert Hendrickson says that Dr. Henry Bosley Woolf and others "list the New York advocate as a possible source.”But the actual etymology, according to Gerald L. Cohen, a student of the word,is less flattering.According to this etymology,the word is derived from the German termscheisser, meaning literally "one who defecates,”from the verbscheissen, "to defecate,” with the English suffix-ster, "one who does,” substituted for the German suffix -er, meaning the same thing. Sheisser, which is chiefly a pejorative term, is the German equivalent of our English termsbastard and son of a bitch. Sheisser is generally thought to have been borrowed directly into English as the word shicer, which, among other things, is an Australian English term for an unproductive mine or claim,a sense that is also recorded for the wordshyster. shyster 一词的来源直到最近才能较确切地弄清楚。 根据词源，shyster 来自一个叫 Scheuster 的人的姓， 他是一位声名狼籍而且很可能并不存在的19世纪中期的律师。罗伯特·亨德里克森在他的人类词汇 （一本由人名组成的词汇集）一书中说， 亨利·博斯利·任尔夫博士和其他的人“将纽约的鼓吹者列为一种可能的出处”。但是据加兰德·L·科恩——一位研究词汇的学生看来，这个词的真正词源更令人不快。根据这种词源，这个词来自德语Scheisser， 字面意义为“大便的人”，是从动词scheissen “排泄”而来， 用一英语词缀-ster （做…的人）代替了表相同意义的德语词缀 -er 。 Sheisser 主要用作贬蔑语， 在德语中相当于我们英语中bastard 及 son of a bitch。 Sheisser一般被认为是直接借入英语作为 Schicer 一词， 在澳式英语中指不再产出的矿山或没有结果的要求，这一意义也被记录在Shyster 这个词中 〔list〕lists herself as an artist.把自己列为艺术家 |
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