| 单词 | 初见 |
| 释义 | 〔chaperon〕The chaperon at a high-school dance seems to have little relationship to what was first signified by the English wordchaperon, "a hood for a hawk,” and not even that much to what the word later meant, "a protectress of a young single woman.”The sense "hood for a hawk,” recorded in a Middle English text composed before 1400,reflects the original meaning of the Old French wordchaperon, "hood, headgear.” In order to understand why ourchaperon came to have the sense "protectress,” we need to know that in French the verbchaperonner, meaning "to cover with a hood,” was derived from chaperon and that this verb subsequently developed the figurative sense "to protect.”Under the influence of the verb sensethe French nounchaperon came to mean "escort,” a meaning that was borrowed into English,being found first in a work published in 1720.In its earlier useEnglishchaperon referred to a person, commonly an older woman, who accompanied a young unmarried woman in public to protect her. The English verbchaperon, "to be a chaperon,” is first recorded in Jane Austen'sSense and Sensibility, begun in 1796 as a sketch called "Elinor and Marianne"and published as a novel in 1811.中学舞会上的年长监护者似乎与英语词chaperon 的最初含义关系极微，（当时其意为“鹰的羽冠”）， 与后来该词的意思“年轻单身女子的伴护人”，关系也不甚大。“鹰的羽冠”的意思，最初见于作于1400年以前的一个中古英语文本，反映了这个古法语词chaperon 的最初的“羽冠”的含义。 为了理解为什么我们所用的chaperon 一词具有了“女伴护人”的意思， 我们需要知道法语中表示“覆以羽冠”意思的动词chaperonner 是从 chaperon 派生出来的， 这个词后来逐渐发展具有了“保护”的意思。受动词意义的影响，法语名词chaperon 也有了“伴护”的含义， 英语借用了这个含义，首见于1720年发表的一部作品。在早期用法上，英语词chaperon 是指一个在社交场合陪伴并保护一名未成婚少女的人，尤指年长妇女。 英语动词chaperon “做伴护人”， 最初见于简·奥斯丁的理智与情感 ， 此作品开始是1796年动笔的一部名为“艾利诺和马利恩”的文学速写，1811年作为一部小说出版〔landfall〕The act or an instance of sighting or reaching land after a voyage or flight.初见陆地：在经过航海或飞行后看到或接触到陆地的动作或瞬间 |
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