| 单词 | 前者 |
| 释义 | 〔neutralism〕"Neutralism differs from neutrality in that it is an attitude of mind in time of peace rather than a legal status in time of war"(London Times)"Neutralism 与neutrality的不同之处在于前者表示和平环境时的态度，而不是战争中有法律作用状态或地位”(伦敦时报)〔gay〕The wordgay is now standard in its use to refer to the American homosexual community and its members;in this use it is generally lowercased.Gay is distinguished from homosexual in emphasizing the cultural and social aspects of homosexuality.Many writers reservegay for male homosexuals, but the word is also used to refer to homosexuals of both sexes;when the intended meaning is not clear in the context,the phrasegay and lesbian should be used. Like the other names of social groups that are derived from adjectives (e.g.,Black ), gay may be regarded as offensive when used as a noun to refer to particular individuals, as inThere were two gays on the panel; here a phrase such asgay people should be used instead. But there is no objection to the use of the noun in the pluralto refer to the general gay community,as inGays have united in opposition to the policy. See Usage Note at homosexual 单词gay 其用法已被普遍接受， 指的是美国的同性恋团体及其成员；在这种用法中，它一般小写。Gay 区别于 homosexual， 前者强调同性恋者的文化和社会方面。许多作家把gay 限定于男性同性恋者， 但这个单词也可用于指两种性别的同性恋者，当上下文的言外之意不太明确时，词组同性恋男性和同性恋女性 可以被使用。 就象其他从形容词派生来的社会群体名词一样（如，黑人 ）， gay 如果当作为一个名词使用，指一些特殊的个体时，可能会被认为带有攻击性， 如在There were two gays on the panel； 在此处应该用词组gay people 来代替。 但是并没有人反对其名词的复数形式，指一般的同性恋团体，如句子同性恋者们已经团结起来对抗政策 参见 homosexual〔deaf〕Some writers have lately introduced a distinction between the lowercase noundeaf, which is used to refer simply to people with extensive hearing disorders, and the capitalized noun Deaf, which refers to the culture and community that has grown up around the use of American Sign Language as a primary means of communication.最近，一些作家提出小写的名词deaf 和大写的名词 Deaf 之间的一个不同点，前者仅用于指全面听力障碍的人；而后者指一种文化和一个团体， 他们通过把美国手势语言作为首要使用的交流方式而逐渐形成的〔ok〕(seeant- ) Latin antīquus , "appearing before, having prior aspect,” former ( *anti- , before); （ 参见ant-) 拉丁语 antīquus , “在…之前出现, 有较早的因素,” 从前的，前者的 *anti- , 在…之前; 〔cannot〕The idiomatic phrasecannot but has sometimes been criticized as a double negative, perhaps because it has been confused withcan but. Thebut of cannot but, however, means "except,” as it does in phrases such asno one but, while thebut of can but has the sense only, as it does in the sentenceWe had but a single bullet left. Bothcannot but and can but are established as standard expressions. · The constructioncannot help is used with a present participle to roughly the same effect as cannot but in a sentence such as We cannot help admiring his courage. But this construction is generally restricted to contextsin which a person is unable to affect an outcome that would normally be under his or her control.It would be more precise to sayWith all the public interest in the affair, the book cannot but attract the attention of reviewers (or . . . can but gain . . . )than to say the book cannot help attracting the attention of reviewers, which suggests that the book might have had a say in the matter. · The constructioncannot help but probably arose as a blend of cannot help and cannot but; it has the meaning of the first and the syntax of the second: 习语cannot but 有时候被判定为一种双重否定， 这也许是因为它已混淆于can but 。 然而cannot but 中的 but 表示“除了”， 就如用在象no one but 这样的短语中一样， 而can but 中的 but 意思却是 only（只有） ， 就如用在我们只剩下了一颗子弹 中那样。 cannot but 和 can but 都已被确定为标准的表达法。 cannot help 结构与现在分词同用的作用和 我们禁不住钦佩他的勇气 一句中的 cannot but 大致相同。 但这一结构通常只限于这种情况，即一个人在该情况下不能实现正常情况下处于他或她控制之下的结果。由于公众对该事件的浓厚兴趣，这本书理所当然地引起了评论家的注意 （或 …can but gain… ）的说法比暗示这本书在此事中想必有决定权的 这本书情不自禁地吸引了评论家的注意 说法要更为精确。 cannot help but 也许是来自 cannot help 和 cannet but 的混合； 它具有前者的意思和后者的句法结构： 〔per〕Suffixed (comparative) form*prei-yos- . prior 2 , from Latin prior , former, higher, superior. 添加后缀的（比较级）形式*prei-yos- . prior 2 , 源自 拉丁语 prior , 前者的, 更高的, 较高的. 〔raise〕To bet more than (a preceding bettor in poker).加注超过他人：下赌注超过（扑克牌游戏中前者的赌注）〔former〕Being the first of two mentioned.前者的：在两个中先提到的〔vagina〕A similar part in some invertebrates.非脊椎动物的与前者相类似的部分〔amensalism〕A symbiotic relationship between organisms in which one species is harmed or inhibited and the other species is unaffected.片害共栖：有机体之间共生的作用关系，一个物种受另一个物种侵害或抑制，而后者不受前者的影响〔contract〕"To produce snow requires both heat and cold;the first to evaporate, the second to condense" (John Lubbock). “雪的形成需要热和冷两个条件；前者起蒸发作用，后者起凝结作用” （约翰·拉伯克）。 |
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