| 单词 | 劝说 |
| 释义 | 〔Deane〕American diplomat who persuaded France to supply commercial and military aid to the Revolutionary cause.迪恩，西拉：(1737-1789) 美国外交官，曾劝说法国为美国的独立革命事业提供财政和军事援助〔talk〕To win (someone) over by persuasion:说服，劝说：通过劝说赢得（某人）：〔spiel〕A lengthy, usually extravagant speech or argument intended to persuade:夸夸其谈：意在劝说的冗长而又夸张的演讲或论述：〔flexible〕Susceptible to influence or persuasion; tractable.温顺的：易受影响或易于劝说的；温顺的〔urge〕 Exhort stresses the use of earnest, urgent, often stirring admonition, advice, or appeal: Exhort 强调用于恳切的、迫近的并通常令人激动的劝说、意见或请求： 〔exhort〕exhorted the troops to hold the line.See Synonyms at urge 劝说部队保持方向 参见 urge〔obdurate〕Not giving in to persuasion; intractable.See Synonyms at inflexible 执拗的：对劝说毫不让步的；执拗的，倔的 参见 inflexible〔give〕To guide or direct, as by persuasion or behavior. Used with an infinitive phrase:促使，引起：通过劝说或行为来带领或指引。用于不定式词组中：〔turn〕To change the purpose, intention, or content of by persuasion or influence:转变，改变：通过劝说或施加影响而改变目的、意图或倾向：〔Darlan〕French admiral. A leading member of Marshal Pétain's Vichy government, he was nevertheless instrumental in persuading French territories in northern and western Africa to side with the Allies after 1942.达尔朗，简·路易斯·泽维尔·弗朗索瓦：(1881-1942) 法国海军上将，他是贝当元帅的维希政府中的主要成员，然而他在劝说法国1942年后，在非洲北部和西部的地区同盟军联合作战上起了作用〔persuade〕Nothing can persuade her to change her mind once it is made up. Toinduce is to lead, as to a course of action, by means of influence or persuasion: 一旦她下定决心就没有什么可以说服她改变注意。 Induce 是指通过影响或劝说的方式来引导，如行动方针等： 〔persuasion〕The act of persuading or the state of being persuaded:劝说，说服：说服的行为或被说服的状态：〔lure〕With tact and perseverance he inveigled her into becoming his law partner. Todecoy is to trap or ensnare by cunning or deception: 凭着机智和不懈努力，他终于劝说她成为自己的法律合伙人。 Decoy 意为通过狡诈或欺骗手段陷害或诱捕： 〔ax〕To understand the origin of the idiomax to grind, we need to know thatgrind means "to sharpen.” This phrase is said to have come from a story by the 19th-century journalist Charles Miner (alias Poor Robert) about a seemingly friendly manwho was able by flattery to persuade a young boy to turn a grindstone for him.The tale first appeared in the Luzerne, Pennsylvania,Federalist on September 7, 1810, under the title "Who'll Turn Grindstones?” and later in an 1815 book entitledEssays from the Desk of Poor Robert the Scribe. Because "Poor Robert" was confused with "Poor Richard,”the story has often been erroneously attributed to Benjamin Franklin.The idiom itself is an Americanism—a word or expression originating in the United States.It was at first restricted to political contexts,but quotations from James Joyce ("Skin-the-Goat . . . evidently with an axe to grind, was airing his grievances")and George Bernard Shaw ("distinguished statesmen of different nations . . . each with a national axe to grind") attest that the phrase has traveled abroad and,as we know only too well, is no longer found only in political contexts.为了理解成语ax to grind 的出处， 我们需要知道grind 意思是“磨尖”。 这个短语据说出自19世纪旅行家查尔斯·麦纳（别名穷罗伯特）所写的关于一个似乎很友善的人的故事，他能够奉承地劝说一名男孩为他翻过一块磨光石。这个传说第一次出现在1810年9月7日宾夕法尼亚州的卢泽恩，在1810年9月7日题为“谁将推翻磨石”的联邦制拥护者 中提到， 之后1815年又在名为作家穷·罗伯特文集 一书中提到。 因为"poor Robert和"poor Richard"易被弄混淆，这个故事经常被错误地认为是本杰明·弗兰克林创作的。这个成语本身是美国式的词或表达源于美国。一开始被限于在政治性言词的情况中使用，但是从以下的引文表明这个短语已广泛地传播，一个是引于詹姆斯·琼斯（“这个显然别有企图的披着人皮的狼，正在诉苦”），另一个引自乔治·萧伯纳（“辨认出不同国家的人…每个国家都有自己国家的打算”），正如我们所熟知的，它不会只在政治性言论的上下文间才可以找到的〔missionary〕One who attempts to persuade or convert others to a particular program, doctrine, or set of principles; a propagandist.倡导者：试图劝说或改变他人的观念使其相信某一特定项目，道理或原则的人；鼓吹者〔persuade〕"to make children fit to live in a society by persuading them to learn and accept its codes"(Alan W. Watts)See Usage Note at convince “通过劝说孩子们学习和接受社会规范使他们适应社会生活”(艾伦W.瓦茨) 参见 convince〔sell〕To persuade (another) to recognize the worth or desirability of:说服：劝说使（别人）认识到价值或优点：〔solicit〕To seek to obtain by persuasion, entreaty, or formal application:恳求：用劝说、恳求或正式的申请来追求或获得：〔unsell〕To persuade not to believe in the advisability, worth, or truth of something.动摇某人：劝说…不去相信某事的明智，价值或真实〔slang〕persuaded the parties to quit slanging and come to the bargaining table.劝说各政党停止互相谩骂并坐到谈判桌上来〔convert〕One who has been converted, especially from one religion or belief to another.皈依者：被劝说归附或皈依的人，尤指从一种宗教或信念改信另一种的人〔active〕A dynamic speaker, the senator often persuades her colleagues to change their votes.这位参议员--一个充满活力的演讲者经常劝说她的同事改变他们的表决。〔dissuade〕To deter (a person) from a course of action or a purpose by persuasion or exhortation:劝阻：劝（某人）不要做某事，通过劝说或劝诫达到目的：〔assent〕Agree and accede are related in the sense that assent has been reached after discussion or efforts at persuasion,but accede implies that one person or group has yielded, as to the insistence of the other: Agree 和 accede 两词是在经讨论或劝说努力后达成协议，这一含义上有关联，但 accede 指一个人或一组人由于另一方坚持做了让步： 〔obstinate〕 Obstinate implies unreasonable rigidity,as in the face of argument, persuasion, entreaty, or attack: Obstinate 暗含不合理的僵化，例如在面对争辩、劝说、恳求或袭击时： 〔convert〕To persuade or induce to adopt a particular religion, faith, or belief:使皈依：劝说或诱导…相信某一特定宗教、信仰或信念：〔yield〕To give way to argument, persuasion, influence, or entreaty:让步：向争论、劝说、影响或乞求让步：〔pliable〕Easily influenced, persuaded, or swayed; tractable.易受影响的：容易影响、劝说或摇摆的；温顺的〔put〕To persuade to delay further action:设法使…等待：劝说使…拖延下步行动：〔have〕To cause to, as by persuasion or compulsion:促使：通过劝说或强迫导致…：〔brainwashing〕The application of a concentrated means of persuasion, such as an advertising campaign or repeated suggestion, in order to develop a specific belief or motivation.强制灌输思想：集中劝说的行为，尤指广告战或重复地建议，目的在于使人建立一种信任或形成一种动机〔vulnerable〕Liable to succumb, as to persuasion or temptation.易诱惑的，易受影响的：易于屈服的，如受到劝说或诱惑〔missionary〕Tending to propagandize or use insistent persuasion:倾向于宣传或使用不停劝说的：〔rhetoric〕The wordrhetoric was once primarily the name of an important branch of philosophy and an art deserving of serious study. In recent yearsthe word has come to be used chiefly in a pejorative senseto refer to inflated language and pomposity.Deprecation of the term may result from a modern linguistic puritanism,which holds that language used in legitimate persuasion should be plainand free of artifice—itself a tendentious rhetorical doctrine,though not often recognized as such.But many writers still prefer to bear in mind the traditional meanings of the word.Thus, according to the newer use of the term,the phraseempty rhetoric, as in The politicians talk about solutions, but they usually offer only empty rhetoric, might be construed as redundant. But in fact only 35 percent of the Usage Panel judged this example to be redundant.Presumably, it can be maintained that rhetoric can be other than empty.单词rhetoric 曾主要是哲学的一个重要分支的和一种值得严肃研究的艺术的名称。 近年来，这个词已开始主要用于贬义，指夸大的语言和虚夸。这个词的改变可能源于一种现代语言的刻板做法，认为用于正当劝说中的语言应是朴素，没有人工雕饰的——它自身便是一种宣传性的修辞教条，虽然未常常被如此认为。但许多作家仍愿意记住这个词的传统含义。这样，根据这个词较新的含义，在The politician talk about solutions, but they usually offer only empty rhetoric 中，短语 empty rhetoric 可能被分析为多余的。 但事实上，用法委员会成员中只有百分之三十五的人认为在这个例子中是多余的。大概该词除了空的以外还有其他的意思吧〔persuasion〕The ability or power to persuade:说服力：劝说的能力或力量： |
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