| 单词 | 十字形 |
| 释义 | 〔cruciate〕Arranged in or forming a cross; cruciform.十字形的：以十字形排列的或形成十字形的；十字形的〔corduroy〕Made of logs laid down crosswise:用圆木按十字形排成的：〔crucial〕A crucial election is like a signpost because it shows which way the electorate is moving. The metaphor of a signpost, in fact, gives us the sense of the wordcrucial, "of supreme importance, critical.” Francis Bacon used the phraseinstantia crucis, "crucial instance,” to refer to something in an experiment that proves one of two hypotheses and disproves the other. Bacon's phrase was based on a sense of the Latin wordcrux, "cross,” which had come to mean "a guidepost that gives directions at a place where one road becomes two,”and hence was suitable for Bacon's metaphor.Both Robert Boyle, often called the father of modern chemistry, and Isaac Newton used the similar Latin phraseexperimentum crucis, "crucial experiment.” When these phrases were translated into English,they becamecrucial instance and crucial experiment. 决定性选举就象路标一样，因为它显示了全体选民的意向。路标这一比喻实际上向我们表示了crucial 这一词的意义“极其重要的，关键性的”。 弗朗西斯·培根曾用instantia crucis “关键性例子”这一词组来指在某一实验中证明两个假设之一正确和另一假设错误的东西。 培根的这一词组是基于拉丁语crux “十字形”的意思之上的， 它的意思为“在一条路分为两条岔路的地方用于指示方向的路标”，因此它适用于培根的这一比喻。通常被称为现代化学之父的罗伯特·博伊尔和艾萨克·牛顿都用过experimentum crucis “关键性实验”这一类似的拉丁语词组。 当这些词组被译成英语后，就成了crucial instance 和 crucial experiment 这两个词组 〔corduroy〕A road made of logs laid down crosswise.木排路：用圆木按十字形排成的路〔cruciate〕the cruciate ligaments of the knee.膝盖的十字形韧带〔crisscross〕A mark or pattern made of crossing lines.十字形图案：用十字线构成的记号或图案〔transept〕The transverse part of a cruciform church, crossing the nave at right angles.耳堂：十字形教堂的横向部分，用直角穿过中殿〔choir〕The part of the chancel in a cruciform church that is occupied by this company of singers.教堂高坛：十字形的教堂中唱诗班所占据的高坛部分〔cruciform〕Shaped like a cross; cruciate.十字形的：十字形的； 以十字形排列的〔crisscross〕Crossing one another or marked by crossings.十字形的，交叉的：互相交叉的或以十字形为特征的〔crossing〕The intersection of the nave and transept in a cruciform church.交叉教堂：十字形教堂中教堂中殿和十字耳堂交叉的地方 |
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