| 单词 | 南斯拉夫 |
| 释义 | 〔Sarajevo〕A city of central Yugoslavia southwest of Belgrade. The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife on June 28, 1914, triggered the outbreak of World War I. Population, 374,500.萨拉热窝：南斯拉夫中部一城市，位于贝尔格莱德西南部。1914年6月28日的刺杀弗兰西斯·斐迪南大公及其妻子事件引发了第一次世界大战。人口374,500〔Mostar〕A city of southern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The chief Turkish administrative and commercial center of Herzegovina from the 16th century, it passed to Austria in 1878 and to Yugoslavia after World War II. In 1993 ethnic Croats proclaimed the city the capital of the breakaway Croat republic Herzeg-Bosna, and many structures, including a historic 16th-century bridge, were destroyed as a result of fighting between Muslims, Croats, and Serbs. Population, 90,800莫斯塔尔：波黑南部城市。自16世纪起就是黑塞哥维那重要的土耳其人行政和商业中心，1878年割让给奥地利，第二次世界大战后归属南斯拉夫。1993年克罗埃西亚民族宣布莫斯塔尔是分离后的克罗埃西亚人共和国黑塞哥-波斯纳的首都，在穆斯林、克罗埃西亚人和塞尔维亚人的冲突中许多莫斯塔尔的建筑物被毁，包括历史上重要的16世纪大桥。人口90,800〔Dubrovnik〕A city of southwest Yugoslavia on a promontory jutting into the Adriatic Sea. A popular tourist resort, it was a center of Serbo-Croatian culture and literature in medieval times. Population, 31,106.杜勃罗文克，拉古萨：南斯拉夫西南部城市，座落在伸入亚得里亚海的一个海角上，是著名的旅游胜地，中世纪时是塞尔维克—克罗地亚文化与文学的中心。人口31,106〔Vojvodina〕A region of northern Yugoslavia in the Serbian republic. An agricultural area long a part of Hungary, it became an autonomous region of the former Yugoslavia in 1946. Serbia revoked its autonomy in 1990.伏伊伏丁那：南斯拉夫南部一地区，位于塞尔维亚共和国。曾长期是匈牙利农业区的一部分，1946年成为前南斯拉夫一自治区。1990年塞尔维亚取消自治〔Skopje〕A city of southeast Yugoslavia on the Vardar River south-southeast of Belgrade. Dating from Roman times, it was under Turkish control from 1392 until 1913. Population, 406,400.斯科里普：南斯拉夫东南部的一座城市，位于瓦达河上，在贝尔格莱德东南偏南。从罗马时期开始算起，它在1392年到1913年间处于土耳其控制下。人口406,400〔Seles〕Yugoslavian-born American tennis player who between 1990 and 1993 won eight Grand Slam championships. She returned to tennis in 1995 after being stabbed on court in 1993 by a spectator.西尔斯，莫尼卡：南斯拉夫裔美国籍网球运动员，1990年至1993年期间获得八次大满贯赛冠军称号。1993年在网球场被一名观众刺伤，1995年重返网坛.〔Szeged〕A city of southern Hungary on the Tisza River near the Yugoslavian border. It is a major river port and an agricultural center. Population, 178,591.赛格德：匈牙利南部一城市，位于南斯拉夫边境附近蒂萨河沿岸是主要的河港及农业中心。人口178,591〔Drina〕A river, about 459 km (285 mi) long, of central Yugoslavia flowing generally north to the Sava River.德林纳河：南斯拉夫中部河流，流程459公里(285英里），经北部注入萨瓦河〔Moesia〕An ancient region of southeast Europe south of the Danube River in what is now eastern Yugoslavia and northern Bulgaria. Originally inhabited by Thracians, it was conquered by the Romans c. 29b.c. and occupied by Goths in the fourth century a.d. 默西亚：欧洲东南部的一个古老地区，在多瑙河南部今南斯拉夫东部和保加利亚北部，最初被色雷斯人居住，公元前 29年被罗马人征服，并于 公元 4世纪被戈特人占领 〔Slavonia〕A historical region of northern Yugoslavia between the Drava and Sava rivers. Originally part of the Roman province of Pannonia, it became a Slavic state in the seventh century and has long been allied with Croatia. Slavonia became part of Yugoslavia in 1918.斯拉夫尼亚：南斯拉夫北部的一个历史地区，位于德拉瓦河与萨瓦河之间。最初为罗马帕诺尼亚省的一部分，17世纪时成为斯拉夫人的一个邦，曾长期与克罗地亚联盟。1918年斯拉沃尼亚成为南斯拉夫的一部分〔Friuli〕A historical region and former duchy of Italy in present-day northeast Italy and northwest Yugoslavia. Occupied by the Romans in the second centuryb.c. , it became a Lombard duchy in the sixth century a.d. and was conquered by various peoples and states before being ceded to Italy in 1866 (the western part) and 1919 (the eastern part). Eastern Friuli was awarded to Yugoslavia by treaty in 1947. 弗留利区：一历史原属意大利公爵领地的地区，在现今意大利东北和南斯拉夫西北。公元前 2世纪被罗马人占领， 公元后 6世纪成为伦巴第公爵的一块领地，曾被各种人或政权征服过直到1866年（西部）及1919年（东部）归于意大利。1947年东部弗留利通过和约割给南斯拉夫 〔Maribor〕A city of northwest Yugoslavia on the Drava River near the Austrian border. It is an industrial center. Population, 105,100.马里博尔：南斯拉夫西北部一城市，位于奥地利边境的德拉瓦河畔。它是一个工业中心。人口105,100〔Vis〕An island of western Yugoslavia off the Dalmatian coast south-southwest of Split. Major naval battles occurred off the island in 1811 and 1866. In the first, the British defeated the French; in the second, the Austrians were victorious over the Italians.维斯岛：南斯拉夫西部的一岛屿，濒临斯普利特西南偏南的达尔马提亚海岸。1811年和1866年在该岛附近发生重要海战，第一次英国击败法国；第二次奥地利战胜了意大利〔Prelog〕Yugoslavian-born Swiss chemist. He shared a 1975 Nobel Prize for research on the structure of biological molecules.普莱洛格，弗拉基米尔：(生于 1906) 南斯拉夫裔瑞士化学家，因其对生物分子结构的研究而获1975年诺贝尔奖〔Carniola〕A mountainous region of northwest Yugoslavia. The earliest inhabitants, a Celtic people, were displaced by the Romans, who in turn were overrun by Slovenes in the sixth centurya.d. 卡尼奥拉：南斯拉夫西北部一山区。该地区最早的居民，即凯尔特民族，因古罗马人而被迫离开家园，反过来，在公元 6世纪，古罗马人又被斯洛文尼亚人打垮 〔Kennan〕American diplomat and historian who recommended the policy of containment toward Soviet aggression. He served as U.S. ambassador to the U.S.S.R. (1952) and Yugoslavia (1961-1963). His written works includeAmerican Diplomacy, 1900-1950 (1951). 凯南，乔治·弗罗斯特：(生于 1904) 美国外交家、历史学家，他主要对苏联的扩张采取遏制政策。他曾担任美国驻苏联大使（1952年）和驻南斯拉夫大使（1961-1963年）。其作品包括《美国外交，1900-1950》 （1951年） 〔Serbia〕A historical region and former kingdom of eastern Yugoslavia. Serbs settled in the region in the 6th to the 7th century and formed an independent kingdom in the 13th to the 14th century but then fell under Turkish domination, which ended finally in 1878. The new kingdom of Serbia was an important Balkan power until the onset of World War I, precipitated in part by the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist. Serbia was later a major constituent of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which formed the nucleus of modern-day Yugoslavia.塞尔维亚：南斯拉夫东部的历史性地区和前王国。塞尔维亚人于6世纪到7世纪开始在这个地区居住，在13世纪到14世纪形成了独立的王国，但后来被土耳其统治，其统治到1878年最终结束。新的塞尔维亚王国在第一次世界大战爆发前一直是巴尔干半岛上重要的力量，第一次世界大战的爆发一部分是因为一名塞尔维亚民族主义者剌杀弗朗西斯·斐迪南大公而引发。塞尔维亚后来主要由塞尔维亚、克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚王国组成，斯洛文尼亚王国形成今天南斯拉夫的核心部分〔Dalmatia〕A historical region of western Yugoslavia on the Adriatic Sea. Subdued by the Romans in the 1st centuryb.c. , it was divided between the kingdoms of Serbia and Croatia in the 10th century and held by numerous powers after the 15th century. Dalmatia became part of the kingdom that formed the nucleus of Yugoslavia in 1918. 达尔马提亚：南斯拉夫西部一历史地区，濒临亚得里亚海。公元前 1世纪时被罗马征服，10世纪时，被塞尔维亚王国和克罗地亚王国分成两半，15世纪后又被众多势力控制，达尔马提亚在1918年成为南斯拉夫中心王国的一部分 〔para〕A unit of currency in Yugoslavia. See table at currency 帕拉：南斯拉夫的一种货币单位 参见 currency〔Morava〕A river of eastern Yugoslavia rising in two forks and flowing about 209 km (130 mi) north-northwest to the Danube River east of Belgrade.摩拉瓦河：发源于南斯拉夫东部的一条河流，有两处分岔，流程约为209公里(130英里），向西北偏北方向在贝尔格莱德东部注入多瑙河〔Tisza〕A river of central Europe rising in the Carpathian Mountains in the western Ukraine and flowing about 965 km (600 mi) generally southward across eastern Hungary and northern Yugoslavia to the Danube River.蒂萨河：中欧一河流，发源于乌克兰西部的喀尔巴干山脉，流程为965公里(600英里），大致向南流经匈牙利东部和南斯拉夫北部，最后注入多瑙河〔Pannonia〕An ancient Roman province of central Europe including present-day western Hungary and northern Yugoslavia. Its people were finally subjugated by Rome ina.d. 9, although the province was abandoned after 395. 潘诺尼亚：位于欧洲中部的一个古罗马省，包括现在匈牙利西部和南斯拉夫北部。其民族最后被罗马在公元 9年征服，虽然该省在395年后被废除 〔Tito〕Yugoslavian politician who led the resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II, established independence from the U.S.S.R. (1948), and as president (1953-1980) pursued a national Communism that stressed neutrality in foreign affairs.铁托：南斯拉夫政治家，曾在二次世界大战期间领导抵抗纳粹占领的斗争，并使南斯拉夫脱离苏联控制取得独立(1948年），作为该国总统(1953-1980年）他推行一种在外交事务上保持中立的共产主义政策〔Serbian〕Serbo-Croatian as spoken in Serbia and adjacent regions of Yugoslavia, written in a Cyrillic alphabet.塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语：在塞尔维亚和南斯拉夫的相邻地区说的，用西里尔字母写的塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语〔Herzegovina〕A region of west-central Yugoslavia. Largely independent after the 10th century, it was conquered by Bosnia in the 14th century and has been closely allied with that region ever since. Herzegovina became part of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia) in 1918.黑塞哥维那：南斯拉夫中西部一地区，10世纪之后，其大部已独立，但在14世纪被波斯尼亚占领，从此与波斯尼亚结成紧密联盟。1981年，黑塞哥维那成为塞尔维亚、克罗地亚和斯洛维尼亚（后南斯拉夫）联合王国的一部分〔Split〕A city of western Yugoslavia on the Dalmatian coast of the Adriatic Sea. Founded as a Roman colony, it later grew around a palace built by Diocletian in the early fourth centurya.d. Population, 193,600. 斯普里特：南斯拉夫西部城市，位于爱琴海的德莫森海岸。罗马殖民者建立，后在公元后 4世纪早期戴克里先（罗马皇帝）在其周围建成宫殿。人口193,600 〔Bitola〕A city of southern Yugoslavia near the Greek border. It was a major agricultural center in Roman times and an important military and commercial center in the 15th and 16th centuries. Population, 72,900.比托拉：南斯拉夫南部一城市，位于希腊边境附近。在罗马时代是主要农业中心。在15世纪和16世纪是重要军事和商业中心。人口72,900〔West〕British writer and critic whose works include psychological novels, such asThe Judge (1922), critical studies, as of Henry James (1916), a historical study of Yugoslavia (1942), and several reports on the Nuremberg trials. 韦斯特，雷贝卡：(1892-1983) 英国作家和评论家。他的作品包括心理分析小说、如《法官》 （1922年），文学批评研究，如有关亨利·詹姆斯的研究(1916年），有关南斯拉夫的历史研究(1942年）和有关纽伦堡审判的几则报道 〔Venetia〕A historical region of northern Italy and northwest Yugoslavia. An ancient Roman territory including Istria and the lands between the Po River and the Alps, it was named after the Veneti, a people who settled the area in c. 1000b.c. Part of the region was ceded to Yugoslavia in 1947. 威尼西亚：历史上位于意大利北部和南斯拉夫西北部的一个地区。它是一个包括伊世特利亚半岛以及波河和阿尔卑斯山脉之间土地的古罗马领地，以威尼西亚民族命名，该民族于公元前 1000年定居于此。该地区的部分地区于1947年割让给了南斯拉夫 〔Pula〕A city of northwest Yugoslavia on the Adriatic Sea. Captured by Rome in 178b.c. , it was a major naval station of the Hapsburg empire and passed to Italy in 1919 and to Yugoslavia in 1947. Population, 47,414. 普拉：南斯拉夫西北部一城市，濒临亚德里亚海。公元前 178年被罗马占领，是哈布斯堡帝国的重要军港，1919年划归意大利，1947年划归南斯拉夫。人口47,414 〔Banat〕A region of southeast-central Europe extending across western Romania, northeast Yugoslavia, and southern Hungary.巴纳特：欧洲中部偏东南的一地区，延伸至罗马尼亚西部，南斯拉夫东北部和匈牙利南部〔Vidin〕A city of extreme northwest Bulgaria on the Danube River near the Yugoslavia border. Founded in the first centurya.d. as a Roman fortess, it was under Turkish rule from 1396 to 1807. Population, 64,000. 维丁：接近南斯拉夫边界的一座城市，位于保加利亚西北端的多瑙河上。在公元 1世纪被建立为罗马的一个堡垒，从1396至1807年它受土耳其的统治。人口64,000 〔Zagreb〕A city on the Sava River north-northwest of Belgrade. Long the chief city of Croatia, it was a center of the Yugoslavian nationalist movement in the 19th century. Population, 768,700.萨格勒布：萨瓦河畔一城市，位于贝尔格莱德西北偏北，原来一直是克罗地亚的重要城市，19世纪时，它是南斯拉夫民族主义运动的一个中心。人口768,700〔Danube〕A river of south-central Europe rising in southwest Germany and flowing about 2,848 km (1,770 mi) southeast through Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Romania to the Black Sea. It has been a major trade route since the Middle Ages.多瑙河：欧洲中部的一条河流，发源于德国的西南部，全长约2,848公里(1,770英里）向东南流经奥地利、匈牙利、南斯拉夫和罗马尼亚，注入黑海。从中世纪起一直是主要的商业路线〔Vardar〕A river, about 386 km (240 mi) long, rising in southeast Yugoslavia and flowing southward to an arm of the Aegean Sea in northeast Greece.瓦达：一条长约386公里(240英里）的河流，发源于南斯拉夫东南部并向南在希腊东北部注入爱琴海海湾〔Kosovo〕A province of southern Yugoslavia in the Serbian republic. Settled by Slavs in the seventh century, the area was under Turkish rule from 1389 to 1913 and became part of Yugoslavia after World War I. An autonomous region within Serbia after World War II, Kosovo was stripped of its autonomy in 1990 by Serbia, which led to armed conflict with Kosovo's ethnic Albanian majority.科索沃：南斯拉夫南部省份，位于塞尔维亚共和国。斯拉夫人7世纪起在此居住，1389年至1913年该地区被土耳其人统治，第一次世界大战后成为南斯拉夫的一部分。第二次世界大战后科索沃是塞尔维亚的自治区，1990年塞尔维亚剥夺了科索沃的自治权，并由此引发了与以阿尔巴尼亚民族为主的科索沃地区的武装冲突〔Ljubljana〕A city of northwest Yugoslavia on the Sava River west-northwest of Zagreb. Founded by Augustus in 34b.c. , it came under Hapsburg rule in a.d. 1277 and passed to Yugoslavia in 1919. Population, 205,600. 卢布尔维那：南斯拉夫西北一城市，位于萨格勒布西北偏西的萨瓦河上，公元前 34年由奥古斯都建立。 公元 1277年转由哈布斯堡王朝统治，并于1919年移交于南斯拉夫。人口205,600 〔Belgrade〕The capital and largest city of Yugoslavia, in the eastern part of the country at the confluence of the Danube and Sava rivers. Founded in the 3rd centuryb.c. , it was the primary city of Serbia from the 12th century until the formation of Yugoslavia in the 20th century. Population, 936,200. 贝尔格莱德：南斯拉夫首都和最大城市，位于该国东部的多瑙河与萨瓦河的汇合处。建于公元前 3世纪，从12世纪到南斯拉夫形成的20世纪，该城为塞尔维亚的主要城市。人口936,200 〔Djilas〕Yugoslavian writer and politician who was a prominent member of Tito's resistance movement during World War II and later held high government and Communist Party positions before his dismissal in 1954 for criticizing the regime.吉拉斯，米洛瓦：(生于 1911) 南斯拉夫作家和政治家，第二次世界大战中铁托抵抗运动的重要成员，二战后在政府和党内职位很高，1954年因批评政治制度而被解职〔Trieste〕A city of extreme northeast Italy on theGulf of Trieste, an inlet of the Gulf of Venice at the head of the Adriatic Sea. Held by Austria from 1382 until 1919, Trieste became in 1947 the center of the Free Territory of Trieste administered by the United Nations. In 1954 the city and the northern zone of the territory were returned to Italy; the remainder of the area became part of Yugoslavia. Population, 251,380. 的里雅斯特：意大利东北角上的一个城市，临的里雅斯特湾 ——威尼斯湾，在亚德里亚海的顶端形成的一个小湾。的里雅斯特在1382年至1919年一直被奥地利统治，1947年成为联合国管理的 的里雅斯特自由区 的中心。1954年该市及自由区北部地带归还给意大利，该地区的其余部分并入南斯拉夫。人口251,380 |
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