| 单词 | 原因 |
| 释义 | 〔cause〕To be the cause of or reason for; result in.成为…的原因；导致〔why〕The cause or intention underlying a given action or situation:原因，动机：在一特点行为或情况下隐藏的起因或目的：〔reason〕An underlying fact or cause that provides logical sense for a premise or an occurrence:充分理由：给一个前提或事件提供逻辑判断力的基本事实或原因：〔chose〕from Latin causa [thing, case, reason] 源自 拉丁语 causa [事情，情况，原因] 〔fear〕A reason for dread or apprehension:害怕或不安的原因：〔ground〕Often grounds The underlying condition prompting an action; a cause: 常作 grounds 理由，原因：促使采取行动的根本条件；原由：〔cause〕These nouns denote what brings about or is associated with an effect or result. A这些名词意指带来或关于某种影响或结果的原因。〔pretense〕A professed but feigned reason or excuse; a pretext:借口：声明虚假的原因或理由；借口，托词：〔Bayle〕French philosopher and critic. Considered the progenitor of 18th-century rationalism, he compiled the famousDictionnaire Historique et Critique (1697) and championed the cause of religious tolerance. 拜尔，皮尔：(1647-1706) 法国的哲学家和评论家。被认为是18世纪理性主义的先驱，他编辑了著名的《历史与批判辞典》 （1697年），并拥护宗教教义宣扬的忍受苦难的原因 〔rather〕With more reason, logic, wisdom, or other justification.较合理地：有更多原因、学识、逻辑或其他证明地〔spontaneous〕From Late Latin spontāneus [of one's own accord] 源自 后期拉丁语 spontāneus [出于自己的原因] 〔responsible〕Being a source or cause.作为根源或原因的〔because〕A traditional rule holds that the constructionthe reason is because is redundant, and should be avoided in favor of the reason is that. The usage is well established, however, and can be justified by analogy to constructionssuch asHis purpose in calling her was so that she would be forewarned of the change in schedule or The last time I saw her was when she was leaving for college. All three constructions are somewhat less than graceful, however. ·Whenbecause follows a negated verb phrase, it should be preceded by a comma when thebecause clause explains why the event did not occur. He didn't marry her, because she was frivolous means roughly, "Her frivolity was his reason for not marrying her.”When no comma is used, thebecause clause is understood as part of what is being negated. He didn't marry her because she was frivolous means roughly, "His reason for marrying her was independent of her frivolity.”See Usage Note at as 1传统的原则认为结构the reason is because 太累赘，应避免，而赞同使用 the reason is that 。 这种用法被广泛地接受，并可以用类似的结构证明是正确的，如他 呼唤她 的目的是以便 她能预先知道时间安排的改变 ，或者 最近 一次 我看见她是 当 她正要去学院时。 然而所这三种结构都有不够完美的地方。当because 跟着一个否定动词短语时， 该在它前面加一个逗号来表示这个because 从句解释的是为什么这件事 没有 发生。 他不娶她，因为她很轻浮。 粗略的意思是， “她的轻浮是他不娶她的原因。”当没有用逗号时，这个because 从句被理解为被否定的部分。 他不娶她不是因为她轻薄， 粗略的意思是， “他和她结婚的原因与她的轻薄无关。” 参见 as1〔solicitude〕Often solicitudes A cause of anxiety or concern. 常作 solicitudes 关切或忧虑的原因〔downfall〕A cause of sudden ruin.突然毁灭的原因〔cause〕"Such were the causes; but the immediate occasion of his departure . . . was the favorable opportunity . . . of migrating in a pleasant way" (Thomas De Quincey). “这就是原因；但使得他离开的直接动因…是能够舒服地移居的诱人机会。” （托马斯·德·昆西）。〔fair〕The history of the wordfair illustrates how words can weaken in meaning over time. In Old English the ancestor offair, fæger, had senses such as "lovely, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable,” a far cry from our modern sense "mildly good or satisfying.”The Old English senses passed into Middle English,where the wordfair started to take a slight turn in the direction already alluded to. Fair could mean "highly to be approved of, splendid, good,”but it could also be used ironically,as in Chaucer's observation after a horse threw the Cook on the pilgrimage to Canterbury:"that was a fair feat of horsemanship by the Cook.”This ironic use was probably not responsible for the semantic weakening offair, but it shows how a positive word can have its meaning reversed.The weakening offair was most likely caused by "the determined optimism which led to the use of fair . . . rather than direct expression of discontent,”in the words of George H. McKnight.One might add as another cause the desire to avoid hurting other people's feelings.单词fair 的历史表明随岁月的流逝单词的语意变弱。 在古英语中fair，f?ger 本意是“可爱的，漂亮的，愉快的”， 与我们现在的“比较好或满意的”大相径庭。古英语传到中世纪英语时，fair 已开始在引申的方向上有微小的转变。 Fair 可以表达“被高度赞许的，辉煌的，好的，”但也可用作反语，如在往坎特伯雷朝圣的途中马将科克摔下时后，乔尔斯评论道：“那是科克精湛骑术的体现”。这种反语用法也许对fair 语义学上的弱化没有联系， 但它表明了一个褒义的单词可以变得意思完全相反。fair 的弱化很大程度上缘于“坚决的乐观主义导致 fair 的用法改变， 而不是直接表达不满意的意思，”乔治赫·马克奈特如此评论。人们可以再添上其它原因以免伤害别人的感情〔spirit〕A causative, activating, or essential principle:产生原因的条件，使有活力的条件，基本条件：〔improve〕Old French en- [causative pref.] from Latin in * see in- 2古法语 en- [表原因的前缀] 源自 拉丁语 in * 参见 in-2〔why〕studying the whys of antisocial behavior.研究反社会行为的原因〔origin〕 Root often denotes what is considered the fundamental cause of or basic reason for something: Root 经常表示被认为是事物的根本起因或基本原因。 〔ground〕grounds for suspicion; a ground for divorce.See Synonyms at base 1怀疑的原因；离婚的理由 参见 base1〔so〕So is frequently used in informal speech to string together the elements of a narrative. This practice should not be carried over into formal writing,where the absence of contextual information generally requires that connections be made more explicit. ·Critics have sometimes objected to the use ofso as an intensive meaning "to a great degree or extent,” as inWe were so relieved to learn that the deadline had been extended. This usage is most common in informal contexts,perhaps because unlike the neutralvery, it presumes that the listener or reader will be sympathetic with the speaker's evaluation of the situation. (Thus one would be more apt to sayIt was so unfair of them not to invite you than to sayIt was so fortunate that I didn't have to put up with your company. ) For just this reason,the construction may occasionally be used to good effect in more formal contexts to invite the reader to take the point of view of the speaker or subject: 在非正式的讲话中，so 经常被用来连接叙述的成分。 但是这种做法不能带入正式的写作当中，上下文信息的缺乏通常要求连接明确。批评家们有些时候对so 被用来表示强调的意思“很大程度”提出反对， 如在我们得知最后期限已被推迟的消息时感到了极大的放松 中。 这种用法在非正式的文章中最常用，也许是因为和中性的very 不同， 它假定听众或读者能对讲话者对形势的评价引起共鸣。（因此人们通常会说他们没有邀请你是多么不公平 ， 而不是说多幸运啊，我不必再成为你的朋友 )。 正因为这个原因，这个结构有时在正式的文章中也有很好的作用，使读者接受说话人或主题的观点： 〔morphophonemics〕(used with a pl. verb)The changes in pronunciation undergone by allomorphs of morphemes as they are modified by neighboring sounds, as the plural allomorphs incat-s, dog-s, box-es, or as they are modified for grammatical reasons in the course of inflection or derivation, as house versus to house and housing. （与复数动词连用）语态音位学：读音变化，由词素邻近的词音修饰带来的词素变体而产生，比如cat-s,dog-s,box-es 中的复数变体，或者当它们由于语法原因中的词尾变化或派生而受到限制，如 house 不同于 to house 和 housing 〔bogey〕also [b‹gʹē, bo͞o′gē] A cause of annoyance or harassment. 也作 [b‹gʹē, bo͞o′gē] 使人烦恼的原因，使人恐惧的原因〔inspire〕To be the cause or source of; bring about:作为…原因或根源；引起：〔tomato〕It has been said that the real contributions to world civilization were made by the unknown inhabitants of the Americas who domesticated plants such as the potato and squash and not by the great pre-Columbian civilizations, including that of the Aztecs.The tomato was another contribution,its name coming ultimately from the Nahuatl language spoken by the Aztecs as well as by other groups in Mexico and Central America.The Spanish, who conquered the area, brought back the tomato to Spain and,borrowing the Nahuatl wordtomatl for it, named ittomate, a form shared in French, Portuguese, and early Modern English.Tomate, first recorded in 1604, gave way totomato, a form created in English either because it was assumed to be Spanish or under the influence of the wordpotato. In any case,as is well known,people resisted eating this New World food at first because its membership in the Nightshade family made it suspect,but it is now eaten throughout the worldwhile Aztec civilization is memorialized by ruins.据说对世界文明真正作出贡献的并非是包括阿兹特克文明在内的哥伦布到达前的美洲文明，而是那些家庭种植土豆、南瓜等的不知名的美洲居民。西红柿是其中的另一贡献，它的名字最终的来源是阿兹特克人和其他墨西哥和中美洲居民使用的纳瓦特尔语。征服了该地区的西班牙人把西红柿带回了西班牙，并且借用了纳瓦特尔语的单词tomatl ， 把它称作tomate ， 这个形式为法语、葡萄牙语和早期现代英语所通用。Tomate ，最早记录于1604年， 后来被英语中诞生的一个形式tomato 所取代。 取代的原因可能是因为形式上更象西班牙语或是因为受单词potato 的影响。 不管怎么样，就像我们知道的，由于它属于茄科使它受到怀疑，人们起初拒绝吃它，不过现在全世界的人们都在吃西红柿，而阿兹特克文明都只存在于废墟之中了〔irregardless〕The labelNon-Standard does only approximate justice to the status of irregardless. More precisely,it is a form that many people mistakenly believe to be a correct usage in formal stylebut that in fact has no legitimate antecedents in either standard or nonstandard varieties. (The word was likely coined from a blend ofirrespective and regardless. ) Perhaps this is why critics have sometimes insisted that there is "no such word" asirregardless, a charge they would not think of leveling at a bona fide nonstandard word such asain't, which has an ancient genealogy.给irregardless 贴上 Non-Standard 的标签只是对其地位做了近似恰当的评价。 更精确地说，许多人错误地相信它是正式语体中的规范用法，但实际上无论在标准或非标准变体中都没有这个词真正的前身。(该词可能是把irrespective 和 regardless 合在一起生造出来的。） 也许这就是为什么批评者们有时坚持认为“没有irregardless 这么个词”的原因， 他们不会把这项指责安在一个象ain't 这样一个正牌的非标准用词上， 因为这个词的家史渊源流长〔necrosis〕Late Latin necrōsis [a causing to die, killing] 后期拉丁语 necrōsis [导致死之的原因，杀死] 〔silent〕"the great silent majority" (Richard M. Nixon).The term may also mean refraining from speech, as out of fear or confusion: “沉默的大多数” （理查德·M·尼克松）。这个词也可以指由于恐惧或迷惑等原因不说话： 〔logic〕from logos [reason] * see leg- 源自 logos [原因] * 参见 leg- 〔quibble〕To find fault or criticize for petty reasons; cavil.吹毛求疵：找碴子或为了琐屑的原因而批评；吹毛求疵〔migrate〕Migrate, which is used of people and animals, sometimes implies a lack of permanent settlement,especially as a result of seasonal or periodic movement.Emigrate and immigrate are used only of people and imply a permanent move,generally across a political boundary.Emigrate describes the move relative to the point of departure: Migrate 用于人和动物， 有时含有缺乏永久的居住地之意，尤指出于季节性或定期迁移这两个原因。Emigrate 和 immigrate 仅用来指人， 意味着永久性的迁移，一般指越过政治意义上的疆界。Emigrate 的含义与离开有关： 〔sensation〕A cause of such interest and excitement.See Synonyms at wonder 轰动的起因：这样的兴趣和兴奋的原因 参见 wonder〔Gypsy〕A person who moves from place to place as required for employment, especially:尤指出于工作原因，而到处迁移的人〔sorrow〕A source or cause of sorrow; a misfortune.伤心事，悲伤的原因：悲伤的源头或原因；不幸的事〔zoogeography〕The biological study of the geographic distribution of animals, especially the causes and effects of such distribution.动物地理学：对动物的地域划分进行的生物学研究，特别是这种划分的原因和影响〔cause〕from Latin causa [reason, purpose] 源自 拉丁语 causa [原因，目的] 〔classified〕Available to authorized persons only, as for reasons of national security:机密的，保密的：只提供给获得授权的人的，如因国家安全的原因：〔why〕I know why you left.我知道你离开的原因 |
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