| 单词 | 参与 |
| 释义 | 〔Albright〕American conservationist and cofounder of the National Park Service.奥尔布赖特，霍勒斯·马凳：(1890-1987) 美国环境保护主义者，曾参与成立了国家公园局〔partake〕To take or have a part or share; participate.拿走或占有一部分或一份儿；参与〔Gadsden〕American diplomat, politician, and railroad promoter who negotiated the Gadsden Purchase.加兹登，詹姆斯：(1788-1858) 美国外交家、政治家和铁路创办人，曾参与加兹登购地的谈判〔covert〕Not openly practiced, avowed, engaged in, accumulated, or shown:秘密的：非公开地实行、承认、参与、积累或显示的：〔exclusive〕Excluding some or most, as from membership or participation:限制慎严的，排外的：排除一些人或大部分人，如在会员或参与资格方面：〔Bevin〕British labor leader and politician who served as minister of labor (1940-1945) and foreign minister (1945-1951) and was instrumental in postwar diplomacy, notably the NATO treaty of 1949.贝文，欧内斯特：(1884-1951) 英国工党领导人和政治家，任劳工部部长（1940-1945年）、外务大臣（1945-1951年），并参与战后外交政策，特别是1949年北大西洋公约的制定〔plot〕To form or take part in a plot; scheme.密谋，暗中策划：制定或参与一个密谋；图谋〔wildcatter〕A worker who participates in a wildcat strike.参与未经工会允许的罢工的一个工人〔decathlon〕An athletic contest in which each contestant participates in the following ten track and field events: the 100-meter, 400-meter, and 1,500-meter runs; the 110-meter high hurdle; the discus and javelin throws; the shot-put; the pole vault; the high jump; and the long jump.田径十项全能运动：一种体育竞赛，每个参与竞技的运动员都要参加以下十项径赛和田赛项目：100米、400米和1500米跑；110米高栏；铁饼和标枪；铅球；撑杆跳；跳高；跳远〔Bonheoffer〕German Protestant theologian and philosopher whose works concern Christianity in the modern world. He was executed for his role in a plot to assassinate Hitler.朋赫斐尔，迪特里希：(1906-1945) 德国新教神学家和哲学家，其著作涉及现代社会中的基督信仰。他因参与刺杀希特勒的密谋而被处决〔mujahideen〕Moslem guerrilla warriors engaged in a jihad:伊斯兰教游击队战士：参与圣战的伊斯兰教游击队战士：〔Sakharov〕Soviet physicist and dissident who helped develop the first Soviet hydrogen bomb. An outspoken advocate of human rights and nuclear disarmament, he won the 1975 Nobel Peace Prize and was banished to Gorky from 1980 to 1986.萨哈罗夫，安德烈·迪米特里耶维奇：(1921-1989) 苏联物理学家，持不同政见者，参与制造苏联第一颗氢弹，人权的鼓吹者，要求解除核威胁，于1975年获诺贝尔和平奖，从1980年至1986年被放逐到高尔基〔blackball〕To shut out from social or commercial participation; ostracize or boycott.除社会或商业参与之外；放逐或拒绝跟…（来往）〔taste〕To partake of, especially for the first time; experience.尝试：参与，尤指第一次；经历〔cineaste〕A person involved in filmmaking.电影制作人：参与电影制作的人〔debate〕To engage in a formal discussion or argument.See Synonyms at discuss 正式讨论：参与正式的讨论或辩论 参见 discuss〔loot〕To engage in pillaging.抢劫：参与掠夺〔scrub〕To wash the hands and arms thoroughly, as before performing or participating in surgery.在施行或参与手术之前把手和臂彻底洗净〔Luxemburg〕German socialist leader who cofounded (1918) the Spartacus Party, which became the German Communist Party. She was arrested after the Sparticist uprising in 1919 and subsequently murdered. Luxemburg's theoretical works includeAccumulation of Capital (1913). 卢森堡，罗萨：(1870-1919) 德国社会主义运动领袖，1918年参与创立斯巴达克同盟，后成为德国共产党。她在1919年斯巴达克同盟组织的起义中被逮捕随后被杀害。她的理论著作有《资本的积累》 （1913年） 〔gamesman〕One who plays a sport or game, especially skillfully or avidly.竞技者：参与体育运动和游戏的人，尤指熟练地或热心地〔subatomic〕Having dimensions or participating in reactions characteristic of the constituents of the atom.亚原子的：具有亚原子结构之尺寸的，参与亚原子结构之反应的〔distributive〕Of, relating to, or involving distribution.分发的：分发的，与分配有关的，或参与分送的〔Taft〕American politician. As a U.S. Senator from Ohio (1939-1953) he was an outspoken conservative who opposed many New Deal policies, resisted American involvement in NATO, and endorsed Joseph McCarthy's investigations of Communist infiltration.塔夫脱，罗伯特·阿方索：(1889-1953) 美国政治家。作为一名来自俄亥俄州的美国参议员(1939-1953年），他是一名直率的保守派成员，曾反对过许多“新政”政策，抵制过美国参与大西洋公约组织，并批准了约瑟夫·麦卡锡对共产党渗透的调查〔Bougainville〕French explorer who circumnavigated the globe (1766-1769) with a crew that included astronomers and naturalists.布加因维尔，路易斯·安托万·德：(1729-1811) 法国探险家，他曾参与一个由天文学家和博物学家组成的船队的环球航行（1766-1769年）〔Campbell〕British naval and army officer active in the War of 1812 and numerous conflicts in India and China.坎贝尔，科林：(1792-1863) 英国海军和陆军军官，参与了1812年的战争和印度与中国的多次冲突〔unchurched〕Not belonging to or participating in a church.不属于教会的，不参与教会的〔participant〕One that participates, shares, or takes part in something.参与者：参与、分享或参加事物的人〔autocrat〕-kratēs [-crat] -kratēs [后缀，表示“参与或支持（某种）政府或统治集团”] 〔encompass〕a survey that encompassed a wide range of participants.一份包括了广泛参与人的评论〔secret〕Known or shared only by the initiated:内部的：只被发起人知道或参与的：〔happening〕An improvised, often spontaneous spectacle or performance, especially one involving audience participation.事件剧：一种即兴的、通常是自发的、尤指由观众参与的场景或演出〔participatory〕Marked by, requiring, or involving participation, especially affording the opportunity for individual participation:参与的：具有参与特征的，要求参与的或包含参与的，尤指为人人参与提供机会的：〔anesthesia〕The following passage, written on November 21, 1846, by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: "Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthēsia, "lack of sensation"]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state.”This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 1847 and 1848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于1846年11月21的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： “每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia “感觉缺失”发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失”。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于1721年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了1847年和1848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受〔leave〕To remove oneself from association with or participation in:脱离：使自己避免与…的联系或参与：〔party〕Of, relating to, or participating in an established political organization:政党的，党派的：已确立的政治组织的、与之有关的或参与这种组织的：〔Wade〕American politician who served as a U.S. senator from Ohio (1851-1869) and jointly authored the Wade-Davis Manifesto (1864), which declared the primacy of Congress in matters of the Reconstruction.韦德，本杰明·富兰克林：(1800-1878) 美国政治家，曾任美国俄亥俄州参议员(1851-1869年），并参与起草韦德-戴维斯宣言(1864年），主张南方的重建问题而与国会冲突〔move〕A participant's turn to make a play.走棋：轮到一个参加者参与的次序〔lepton〕Any of a family of elementary particles that participate in the weak interaction, including the electron, the muon, and their associated neutrinos. See table at subatomic particle 轻子：一种参与微弱互反应的基本粒子家庭的粒子，包括电子、介子以及与他们相关的中子 参见 subatomic particle〔sister〕A woman who advocates, fosters, or takes part in the feminist movement.拥护、鼓励或参与女权运动的妇女〔participation〕The act of taking part or sharing in something:参与：参与或分享某事的行为： |
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