| 单词 | 发动 |
| 释义 | 〔ripe〕"By 1965 the republic was ripe for a coup"(Alex Shoumatoff)“在1965年，共和国发动了一次政变”(亚历克斯·肖马托夫)〔aggression〕The act of initiating hostilities or invasion.侵犯；侵略；挑衅：发动敌对行为或侵略举动〔defeat〕"It cost [the Romans] two great wars, and three great battles, to subdue that little kingdom [Macedonia] ” (Adam Smith). “ 发动了两次大规模的战争和三次大规模的战役才完全制服那个小王国 ” （亚当·史密斯）。〔mount〕To prepare and set in motion:发动：准备并进行一次运动：〔McKinley〕The 25th President of the United States (1897-1901). His presidency was marked by the Spanish-American War (1898), the annexation of Cuba and the Philippines, an open-door policy with China, and the passage of the Gold Standard Act (1900). He was assassinated by an anarchist in Buffalo, New York.麦金利，威廉：(1843-1901) 美国第25届总统(1897-1901年）。他在职期间的事迹有，发动西班牙-美国战争(1898年），吞并古巴和菲律宾；对华提出门户开放政策；通过金本位法案(1900年）。他在纽约州的布法罗被无政府主义者刺杀〔levy〕To declare and wage (a war).发动（战争）：发起和进行（战争）〔crusade〕A holy war undertaken with papal sanction.圣战：经教皇认可而发动的神圣战争〔strike〕The enemy struck unexpectedly.敌人出其不意地发动了进攻〔offensive〕led a massive military offensive.发动全面的军事攻击〔starter〕An attachment for starting an internal-combustion engine without hand cranking. Also called self-starter 自动起动机：不用手动曲柄发动内燃机的附属装置 也作 self-starter〔Gracchus〕Roman social reformer. Known with his brotherGaius Sempronius Gracchus (153-121 b.c. ) as "the Gracchi,” he sought to aid poor farmers through greater subdivision of land but was killed in a riot. Gaius assumed his brother's work, initiating several reforms, and met a similar fate. 格拉古·提比略，提比略·森普罗斯：(163-133) 罗马社会改革家。与其弟盖约·森普罗纽·格拉古 （ 公元前 153-121年）以“格拉古兄弟”之称闻名，寻求通过土地的大规模再划分来帮助贫穷的农民，但在一次暴乱中被杀。盖约接替其兄的工作，发动了几次改革，但遭到了类似的命运 〔Buchanan〕The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South, and he was unable to forestall the secession of South Carolina on December 20, 1860.布坎南，詹姆斯：(1791-1868) 美国第15任总统(1857-1861年），曾试图在赞成奴隶制和反对奴隶制的双方中维持平衡状态，但其折衷的观点激怒了南北两方。他企图抢先一步制止南卡罗来纳州于1860年2月20日发动的内战，以失败告终〔drive〕To supply the motive force or power to and cause to function:发动：提供动力并使发动：〔Eisenhower〕American general and the 34th President of the United States (1953-1961). As supreme commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (1943-1945) he launched the invasion of Normandy (June 6, 1944) and oversaw the final defeat of Germany (1945). His presidency was marked by an end to the Korean War (1953), domestic racial problems, cold war with the Soviet Union, and a break in diplomatic relations with Cuba (1961).艾森豪威尔，德怀特·戴维：(1890-1969) 美国将领，第34任美国总统（1953-1961年）。任盟军远征军最高司令时（1943-1945年）发动了诺曼底登陆（1944年6月6日），最终打败了德国（1945年）。任总统期间突出的事件是，终止了朝鲜战争（1953年），国内种族问题，与前苏联的冷战，中断与古巴的外交关系（1961年）〔field〕field an army of campaign workers.发动了一大群助选员〔rebellion〕The freedom fighters withdrew into the mountains, from which they mounted an insurrection against the junta.自由斗士们撤退到了山中，从那里他们可以发动对军事政权的叛乱。〔crusade〕Often Crusade Any of the military expeditions undertaken by European Christians in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to recover the Holy Land from the Moslems. 常作 Crusade 十字军远征：在11、12或13世纪欧洲的基督教徒为了从穆斯林手中收复圣地而发动的军事远征〔Goebbels〕German Nazi propaganda minister (1933-1945) who exploited the German radio, press, cinema, and theater to launch propaganda against the Jews and other groups. Intensely loyal to Hitler, he killed his family and himself after Germany's defeat.格贝尔斯，（保罗）约瑟夫：(1897-1945) 德国纳粹宣传部长（1933-1945年），他利用德军电台、新闻媒介、电影和剧院发动反对犹太人和其他团体的政治宣传。极端忠实于希特勒，德国战败后他杀掉全家并自杀〔steamer〕A vehicle, a machine, or an engine driven by steam.蒸汽机汽车或靠蒸汽发动的机器〔launch〕To set or thrust (a self-propelled craft or projectile) in motion:发射：使或强行使（自助推进航空器或发射物）发动：〔Sassanid〕A Persian dynasty (a.d. 224-651) and the last line of Persian kings before the Arab conquest. The Sassanid era was marked by wars against Romans, Armenians, and Huns and by the revival of Zoroastrianism. 萨桑王朝：波斯国的一个王朝(公元 224-651年），也是被阿拉伯征服以前的波斯国最后一个国王。萨桑时代以对罗马人、亚美尼亚人和匈奴人发动的战争及祆教的复兴为标志 〔motivity〕The power of moving or causing motion.原动力：发动或导致行动的力量〔itself〕The car is acting itself again since we changed the oil.我们给车换过油后，它又可以发动了〔given〕Given the condition of the engine, it is a wonder that it even starts.倘若这发动机能发动的话，可真是不可思议〔pedal〕A similar foot-operated part attached to a crank and used for powering various devices, such as a bicycle.踏板：附在曲柄上用于发动如自行车等各种装置的类似用脚操纵的部件〔unprovoked〕an unprovoked attack.未经挑衅就发动的进攻〔assault〕A military attack, such as one launched against a fortified area or place.进攻：军事攻击，如向要塞地区或地方发动的攻击〔rut〕To be in rut.处于发情发动期〔start〕To set into motion, operation, or activity.发动：使启动、进入运作运动或行动〔goose〕"The pilot goosed his craft, powering away"(Nicholas Proffitt)“飞行员发动起飞机，然后飞走了”(尼古拉斯·普罗菲特)〔Kiel〕A city of northern Germany onKiel Bay, an arm of the Baltic Sea. Chartered in 1242, Kiel joined the Hanseatic League in 1284, passed to Denmark in 1773, and was annexed by Prussia in 1866. German sailors mutinied here in 1918, setting off a socialist revolution. Population, 245,751. 基尔：德国北部城市，位于基尔湾 （波罗的海的一个水湾）。基尔于1242年被特许建立，1284年加入自由日尔曼城市商人联盟，1773年转入丹麦，1866年曾被普鲁士占有。1918年德国水手在这里叛乱，发动社会主义革命。人口245,751 〔raid〕The members of an army traveling on a particularroad to carry out a raid probably would not draw a connection between the two words.However,raid and road descend from the same Old English word rād. Theai in raid represents the standard development in the northern dialects of Old English long a, while theoa in road represents the standard development of Old English long a in the rest of the English dialects. Old Englishrād meant "the act of riding" and "the act of riding with a hostile intent; that is, a raid,”senses that no longer exist for our wordroad. It was left to Sir Walter Scott to revive the Scots formraid with the sense "a military expedition on horseback.”The Scots weren't making all the raids, however.Others seem to have returned the favor,for we find these words in the Middle EnglishCoventry Leet Book : "aftur a Rode . . . made uppon the Scottes at thende of this last somer.”The "Rode" was led by the non-Scottish Duke of Gloucester, who was later crowned as Richard III, and Henry Percy, Duke of Northumberland.一支部队的士兵在某条road （路）上行进以发动一场 raid （袭击）， 这大概不会使这两个词之间产生什么联系。然而raid 和 road 这两个词源于古英语中的同一个词 rad 。 Raid 中的 ai 代表了古英语中北部发言中长 a 的标准发展， 而road 中的 oa 代表了其它地区古英语方言中长 a 的发展。 古英语中rad 的意思是“骑马的行动和出于敌意而骑马的行动； 也就是说，一次奇袭，”词意中不再有路 这个意思。 沃尔特·斯科特爵士又恢复了raid 这个词的苏格兰语形式， 其意思是“马上的远征”。然而，奇袭并不只是由苏格兰人发动。别人似乎也保留了对这个词的偏好，因为我们在中世纪英语的考文垂史料 中发现了这段话： “在去年夏末对苏格兰发动的奇袭之后…”。该“奇袭”是由后来被冠以查理三世的格洛斯特的非苏格兰公爵和诺森柏兰的亨利·珀西公爵领导的〔Catt〕American suffragist who was an organizer and president (1900-1904 and 1915-1947) of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. She organized the League of Women Voters in 1919, the year before the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified.凯特，卡丽·（莱恩）·查普曼：(1859-1947) 美国妇女参政主义者，美国全国妇女参政协会的发动人和主席（1900-1904和1915-1947年）。她在1919年美国联邦宪法第19条修正案通过的前一年，组织成立了妇女选举人联盟〔Cantigny〕A village of northern France south of Amiens. It was the site of the first U.S. offensive (May 1918) in World War I.康蒂尼：法国北部亚眠以南一村庄。是第一次世界大战中美军发动第一次进攻的旧址（1918年5月）〔Carlos〕Spanish pretender to the throne who claimed the title (1833) when his brother Ferdinand VII's daughter Isabella II inherited the crown because of Ferdinand's abrogation (1830) of the ancient Salic law prohibiting women from succeeding to the throne. Don Carlos waged an unsuccessful civil war until 1840. His claim was later revived by his heirs in 1860, 1869, and 1872.卡洛斯：西班牙觊觎王位者。当他的哥哥斐迪南七世的女儿伊莎贝拉二世承袭王位时，卡洛斯要求称王（1833年）。因为斐迪南废除了古代的萨利法典（1830年），该法典禁止妇女承袭王位。唐·卡洛斯发动了一场未成功的内战，直至1840年。他的称王要求后来被他的继承人在1860，1869和1872年再次提出〔Turnus〕An Italic king who waged unsuccessful war against Aeneas, who killed him.托那思：发动对抗埃涅阿斯战争的意大利国王，战败后被埃涅阿斯杀害〔Pusey〕British theologian who led the Oxford movement after John Henry Newman's conversion to Roman Catholicism (1845).普西，爱德华·布维里尔：(1800-1882) 英国神学家，在约翰·亨利纽曼皈依罗马天主教(1845年）之后，发动了牛津运动〔sortie〕The troops making such an attack.突围部队：发动这种进攻的部队〔power〕Of or relating to the generation or transmission of electricity:以电力传送的：关于电力发动或电力输送的：〔raid〕To make a raid on.袭击：对…发动奇袭 |
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