单词 | 另一个 |
释义 | 〔nylon〕Often used to modify another noun:尼龙制的:常用于修饰另一个名词:〔electricity〕Often used to modify another noun:经常用来修饰另一个名词:〔master〕One that has control over another or others.所有者:控制另一个或其他人的人〔model〕A small object, usually built to scale, that represents in detail another, often larger object.模型:通常按比例制成的小物体,它精确地表现另一个通常是更大的物体〔triple〕A number or quantity three times as great as another.三倍数,三倍量:一个数或量是另一个数或量的三倍〔discount〕Often used to modify another noun:常用于修饰另一个名词:〔frontier〕Often used to modify another noun:修饰词:常用以修饰另一个名词:〔posh〕"Oh yes, Mater, we had a posh time of it down there.”So inPunch for September 25, 1918, do we find the first recorded instance of that mysterious wordposh, meaning "smart and fashionable,”although in a 1903 book by P.G. Wodehouse,Tales of St. Austin's, there is a mention of a waistcoat that was "push.” The latter may be a different word,but in either case the dates of occurrence are importantbecause they are part of the objection to derivingposh from the initials of "Port Out, Starboard Home.” This was the cooler, and thus more expensive, side of ships traveling between England and India in the mid-19th century,and the acronymPOSH was supposedly stamped on the tickets of first-class passengers traveling on that side of ships owned by the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. No evidence is definitely known to exist for this theory, however.TheOxford English Dictionary Supplement may have found a possible source or sources for posh. Another wordposh was 19th- and early 20th-century British slang for "money,” specifically "a halfpenny, cash of small value.”This word is borrowed from the common Romany wordpåšh, "half,” which was used in combinations such aspåšhera, "halfpenny.” Posh, also meaning "a dandy,” is recorded in two dictionaries of slang published in 1890 and 1902,although this particularposh may be still another word. This word or these words, however, are much more likely to be the source ofposh than "Port Out, Starboard Home,” although the latter source certainly has caught the public's etymological fancy.“哦是的,妈妈,我们在那里过着豪华的生活。”因此在1918年9月25日的punch 上, 我们看到了那个神秘单词posh 的首次记录, 意为“豪华的,时髦的,”虽然早在1903年P·G·伍德豪斯的名为圣·奥斯汀传说 的作品中就提及了意为"push"的马夹这个词。 后者也可能是另外一个不同的词,但在任何一种情况下两者被使用的时间都很重要,因为它们都反对posh 这个词源于"Port Out,Starboard Home。” 这是意指19世纪中期往来于英格兰及印度的船只中较凉爽、因而票价也就较为昂贵的一侧,而POSH 这个首字缩拼词据说就印在半岛——东方蒸汽船航运公司所拥有的船只上较为凉爽的一侧头等舱的票上。 然而对于这一说法并没有确凿的证据来加以证明。牛津英语词典增补本 也许为 posh 找到了一个或多个可能的词源。 另一个词posh 则是19世纪和20世纪初英国人用来表示“钱”的俚语, 尤指“半便士,小面值钱币。”这个词源于吉卜赛常用词på歨 ,意为“一半”, 用在诸如意为“半便士”的复合词på歨era 中。 Posh 也有“花花公子”之意, 这一用法记录于1890年及1902年出版的两本俚语词典中,尽管这个特有的posh 也有可能是另一个词。 然而这个词及上文提到的那些词比"Port Out,Starboard Home"更有可能是posh 这个词的词源, 虽然后者早被人们确认为这个词的词源〔endurance〕Often used to modify another noun:游泳者,常用以修饰另一个名词:〔nonuple〕A number or total that is nine times as great as another.九倍:是另一个的九倍的数目或总量〔research〕Often used to modify another noun:通常用来修饰另一个名词:〔diphthong〕A complex speech sound or glide that begins with one vowel and gradually changes to another vowel within the same syllable, as (oi) inboil or (ī) in fine. 双元音:一个滑移的单音节言语项,它在一个元音的发音位置上或其附近开始,并向另一个元音的发音位置移动。如在boil 中的(oi)或在 fine 中的(i) 〔consensus〕Often used to modify another noun:常用来修饰另一个名词:〔clapboard〕Often used to modify another noun:常用来修饰另一个名词:〔rival〕Latin rīvālis [a rival, one using the same stream as another] 拉丁语 rīvālis [对手,与另一个使用相同水流的人] 〔umpire〕The anguished, hostile cry "Kill the ump" could have been "kill the nump" had it not been for the linguistic process known as false splitting or juncture loss.In the case ofumpire we can almost see the process in action if we study the Middle English Dictionary entry for noumpere, the Middle English ancestor of our word. Noumpere comes from the Old French nonper, made up ofnon, "not,” and per, "equal,” as is someone who is requested to act as arbiter of a dispute between two people; that is, the arbiter is not paired with one of them.In Middle English the earliest recorded form isnoumper (about 1350). The earliest dated form without ann in the entry is owmpere ( a Middle English variant spelling),in a text composed in 1440.How then was lost can be seen if we compare the sequence a noounpier in a text written in 1426-1427 with the sequence an Oumper from a text written probably around 1475. Then of noumpere became attached to the indefinite article, giving usan instead of a and, eventually,umpire instead of .numpire. 要不是因为被称为假分裂或失去连音的语言学过程,"Kill the ump"(杀掉裁判)这样痛苦,仇恨的呐喊可能会成为"kill the nmup"。在umpire 这一例子中,如果我们研究一下 中古英语词典 中 noumpere 这一词条,即该词在中古英语中的原型,便会了解这一语言学现象的过程。 Noumpere 来自于古法语 nonper, 由non, “不”,和 per, “平等的”组成,表示一个应要求就两人之间的争议做出仲裁的人; 也就是说,不与任何一人合作的公断人。中古英语的最先记录形式是noumper (约1350年)。 词条中没有n 的最早形式是 owmpere ( 中古英语的变体拼写),出现于1440年所做的一篇文章。通过比较两个顺序可以看出n 是我们被省略的:一个是 a noounpier ,出现于写于1426年至1427年间的一篇文章;另一个是 an Oumper 摘自可能写于1475年的文章。 noumpere 中的 n 变得和不定冠词连在一起, 成为an 而非 n , 最后就出现了umpire 而不是 ·numpire 〔Clark〕American astronomer and lens manufacturer who with his sonAlvan Graham Clark (1832-1897) made the objective lenses of the world's two largest refracting telescopes, one at Lick Observatory in California (1888) and one at Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin (1897). 克拉克,阿尔凡:(1804-1887) 美国天文学家及透镜制造者,和其子埃尔文·格拉汉姆·克拉克 (1832-1897年)制造了世界上两个最大的折射望远镜的物镜,一个置于加利福尼亚的里克观测台(1888年),另一个置于威斯康星的耶基斯观测台(1897年) 〔bioprocess〕Often used to modify another noun:常用于修饰另一个名词:〔frost〕Often used to modify another noun:常用修饰另一个名词:〔bumpkin〕The termbumpkin may at one time have been directed at an entire people rather than that segment of the population living in a rural area. The first recorded appearance of the word in 1570 is glossed by the Latin wordBatavus, "Dutchman,” thus making plausible the suggestion thatbumpkin may come from either the Middle Dutch word bommekijn, "little barrel,” or the Flemish word boomken, "shrub.” The connection would be between a squat object and the short, rotund figure of the Dutchman in the popular imagination.Any bumpkin would surely prefer this etymology to another suggestion thatbumpkin is a derivative of bum, "the rear end.” 单词bumpkin 有一个时期意指住在乡下的所有人而不是其中的一部分, 这个词于1570年第一次出现是用拉丁词Batavus “荷兰人”注解的。 使得下面这个解释似乎是说得通的,即bumpkin 有可能起源于中古荷兰词语 bommekijn “小圆桶”的意思,或起源于法兰德斯语 boomken “灌木”的意思。 这两者之间的联系在一般的想象中就如同一个矮胖的物体同圆胖的荷兰人间的关系。而任何一个乡下人都确信无疑这个词源有另一个解释,即bumphin 是从 bum 演变而来的,该词的意思是“尾部末梢” 〔rhyme〕A word that corresponds with another in terminal sound, asbehold and cold. 在末尾声音上与另一个 一致的一单词,例如behold 与 cold 〔crisis〕Often used to modify another noun:危机,决定性:常用于修饰另一个名词:〔rec〕Often used to modify another noun:娱乐:常用来修饰另一个名词:〔angle〕The rotation required to superimpose either of two such lines or planes on the other.角位:这样的两条直线或两个平面中的一个置于另一个上旋转〔garbage〕Often used to modify another noun:通常用来修饰另一个名词:〔take〕To carry, convey, lead, or cause to go along to another place:带:携带、传输、带领或使…去另一个地方:〔lakefront〕Often used to modify another noun:常用来修饰另一个名词:〔toy〕Often used to modify another noun:通常用来修饰另一个名词:〔border〕To lie adjacent to another:毗接:与另一个毗接:〔gearshift〕A mechanism for changing from one gear to another in a transmission.变速器,换档装置:在一传送过程中从一个齿轮变到另一个齿轮的一种机械装置〔tack〕The act of changing from one position or direction to another.抢风调向:从一个位置或方向转变为另一个位置或方向的行为〔antinome〕One that is contradictory or contrary to another; an opposite.相对物:与另一个相矛盾或相反的一个;相对物〔imitation〕Made to resemble another, usually superior material:仿造品:通常用上好的材料制成的与另一个相似的物品:〔commensalism〕A symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which one derives some benefit while the other is unaffected.共生,共栖:不同种类两个组织之间的共生关系,在此关系中一个受益而另一个不受影响〔minuend〕The quantity from which another quantity, the subtrahend, is to be subtracted. In the equation 50 - 16 = 34, the minuend is 50.被减数:一个要被另一个数,即减数,减除的数。在等式50-16=34中,被减数是50〔countercharge〕A charge in opposition to another charge.反攻:对另一个进攻进行的进攻〔compete〕To strive with another or others to attain a goal, such as gaining an advantage or winning a victory.See Synonyms at rival 竞争:为了达到某个目的与另一个或其他人竞争,如为得到某种利益或赢得一个胜利 参见 rival〔underarm〕Often used to modify another noun:常用于修饰另一个名词:〔neither〕According to the traditional rule,neither is used only to mean "not one or the other of two.” To refer to "none of several,”none is preferred: 按传统规则,neither 只用于表示“不是这个也不是另一个”。 要指“多个中一个也没有”时最好用none : 〔convey〕These verbs are compared as they refer to the movement of someone or something from one place to another.这些动词,当它们指人或物从一个地方向另一个地方运动时,可相互比较。 |
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