| 单词 | 可乐 |
| 释义 | 〔dope〕Before it came to mean "a narcotic or narcotics considered as a group,”dope was borrowed into English from the Dutch word doop, "sauce.” Throughout the 19th century it meant "gravy.”In the lower northern United States,from Pennsylvania westward to Missouri, dope still means "a sauce of sorts";it is now the term for a topping for ice cream,such as syrup or a chocolate or fruit sauce.In the South, on the other hand,dope means "a cola-flavored soft drink.” The term might be related to the northern usage as a reference to the sweet syrup base of a cola drink.However, folk wisdom has it thatdope recalls the inclusion of minute amounts of cocaine in the original Atlanta recipe for Coca-Cola, which was named after this exotic ingredient.Dope 是从荷兰语 doop 借入英语的，后来才用来指“麻醉剂的总称”。 整个19世纪该词的含义为“肉汁，肉卤”。在美国北部低地地区，从宾夕法尼亚州向西一直到密苏里州， dope 一词仍然指“一种调味汁”；现在用来指冰激凌的浇料，如糖浆、巧克力或果汁。另一方面，在南方dope 一词指“味道象可乐的软饮”。 这种用法可能与北方用来指糖浆做成的可乐饮料这种用法有关。然而，民间的说法是dope 令人想起原亚特兰大处方中的可口可乐包括的少量古苛硷， 可口可乐就是得名于这种产于外国的成分〔tump〕The verbtump, used almost invariably with over in the intransitive sense "to fall over"and the transitive sense "to overturn,”is in common use in the South.The editors of theDictionary of American Regional English have collected evidence of its use in Arkansas, Texas, and Kentucky; it is also common in Alabama, Tennessee, and Georgia.This example supplied byDARE is typical: "When he brushed against the coffee table his Coke tumped over" (Little Rock, Arkansas, informant).But another citation, taken from Gregory Jaynes's parody of detective fiction, "In New York State: Who Poisoned the Pudding?” in the June 17, 1985, issue ofTime, indicates that tump may not be exclusively Southern: "At the end he tumps over into his rice pudding, poisoned. Whodunit?” As for its ultimate origin,tump is probably related to tumble as a separate development from the same Old English verbtumbian. 动词tump 几乎总是和 over 连用， 作不及物动词表示“倾倒，翻倒”，也可作及物动词表示“弄翻，翻转”，这个词在南部普遍使用。美国方言词典 的编辑们收集证据证明这个词用于阿肯色州、得克萨斯州和肯塔基州， 也普遍用于阿拉巴马州，田纳西州和佐治亚州。美国区域英语词典 中提供的这个例句很典型： “当他擦过咖啡桌时，他的可乐打翻了” （阿肯色州小石城，密告者）。但是从格里高利·杰恩斯的模仿侦探小说的作品《在纽约州：谁往布丁里下了毒?》（该作品刊登于1985年6月17日出版的时代 )中摘录的另一处引文却显示 tump 不一定只在南方使用： “最后，他跌倒在自己的稻米布丁中，被毒死了。谁干的?” 至于这个的词的最终来源，tump 可能与 tumble 有关， 它们分别从同一个古英语动词tumbian 发展而来 |
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