| 单词 | 同年 |
| 释义 | 〔Bourbonnais〕A historical region and former province of central France in the Massif Central. It was held by the counts (later dukes) of Bourbon until 1527, when Francis I added it to the French crown lands.波旁奈依：一历史区域，原法国中部高地中心一省。1527年前一直由波旁伯爵（后为公爵）统治，同年弗兰西斯一世将其并入王室领地〔Tashkent〕A city of southern Central Asian U.S.S.R. west-southwest of Alma-Ata. One of the oldest cities of central Asia, it was ruled by Arabs and then Turks until 1865, when it was annexed by Russia. Population, 2,030,000.塔什干：原苏联中亚部分南部一城市，位于阿拉木图西南偏西方。它是中亚地区最古老的城市之一，曾被阿拉伯人统治过，后又被突厥人统治至1865年，同年俄国将其并入自己的版图。人口2,030,000〔Sosa〕Dominican baseball player. A player for the Chicago Cubs (since 1992), in 1998 he broke Roger Maris's single-season record for home runs, hitting 66 to Mark McGwire's 70, and won the National League's most valuable player award.索塞，塞缪尔：多米尼加棒球选手。他自1992年一直效力于芝加哥俱乐部队，1998年打破罗杰·马里斯的单赛季全垒打记录，以66支全垒打屈居70支全垒打的马克·麦格威之后，索塞于同年成为国家棒球联盟的最有价值球员〔gerrymander〕"An official statement of the returns of voters for senators give[s] twenty nine friends of peace, and eleven gerrymanders.”So reported the May 12, 1813, edition of theMassachusetts Spy. A gerrymander sounds like a strange political beast,which in fact it is, considered from a historical perspective.This beast was named by combining the wordsalamander, "a small lizardlike amphibian,” with the last name of Elbridge Gerry, a former governor of Massachusetts— a state noted for its varied, often colorful political fauna.Gerry (whose name, incidentally, was pronounced with a hardg, though gerrymander is now commonly pronounced with a soft g ) was immortalized in this way because an election district created by members of his party in 1812 looked like a salamander.According to one version of howgerrymander was coined, the shape of the district attracted the eye of the painter Gilbert Stuart,who noticed it on a map hanging in a newspaper editor's office.Stuart decorated the map with a head, wings, and clawsand then said to the editor, "That will do for a salamander!”"Gerrymander!” came the reply.A new political beast was created then and there.The word is first recorded in April 1812 with respect to the creature or its caricature,but it soon came to mean not only "the action of shaping a district to gain political advantage"but also "any representative elected from such a district by that method.”Within the same yeargerrymander was also recorded as a verb. “一份答复参议员选举人的官方声明宣布了二十九个和平伙伴和十一个不公正划分的选区。”在1813年3月12日的一期马萨诸塞州观察报 上有如上报导。 一个不公正划分选区听起来象是一个奇怪的政治怪兽，事实上它是来自历史上的观点。这个怪兽是由两个词合并而命名的，即salamander “一种蜥蜴状的两栖动物，”及马萨诸塞州州长埃尔布里奇·格里的姓。 而马萨诸萨州以其多变的、通常多姿多彩的政治动物群而闻名。格里（他的名字碰巧发重音g， 尽管 gerrymander 现在普遍发轻音 g， ）以此种方式而垂名史册， 因为1812年由他所在党成员组建的选举区就象一只蝾螈。根据一种gerrymander 如何被创造的观点， 该区的形状吸引了一位画家基尔伯特·斯图亚特，他在一家报纸的主编办公室里挂在墙上的地图中发现了它。斯图尔特又画上头、翅膀和爪子，然后对主编说，“那就象只蝾螈了！”"Gerrymander！”主编回答道。此时此地一个新的政治怪兽产生了。这个词于1812年4月首次被记录是在谈到这种牲畜或讽刺的画中，但很快，它就不仅意味“为赢得政治优势的改变区划的行动”，而且有“用此种方法选出的任何代表”的意思。同年gerrymander 也被作为一个动词而记载下来 〔class〕A group of students or alumni who have the same year of graduation.班级，同届学生：一个同年毕业的学生或校友的群体〔anesthesia〕The following passage, written on November 21, 1846, by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: "Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthēsia, "lack of sensation"]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state.”This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey's Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 1721, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 1847 and 1848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于1846年11月21的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： “每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia “感觉缺失”发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失”。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于1721年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了1847年和1848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受〔Bengal〕A region of eastern India and Bangladesh. It was a province of India until 1947, when the eastern part became East Pakistan, and later (1971) Bangladesh, and the western section was included in independent India.孟加拉：印度和孟加拉国东部地区。1947年前为印度的一个省，同年其东部成为东巴基斯坦，后成为孟加拉国（1971年），其西部属于独立的印度〔Madison〕The capital of Wisconsin, in the south-central part of the state west of Milwaukee. It was chosen as territorial capital in 1836 and settled the same year. The main branch of the University of Wisconsin (founded 1848) is here. Population, 191,262.麦迪逊：美国威斯康星州首府，位于该州的中南部，密尔沃基的西边。它于1836年被选定作为该州的首府并在同年移民于此。威斯康星大学（建于1848年）的主要部分就在这里。人口191,262〔Blanchard〕French aeronaut who was the first to cross the English Channel by balloon (1785). He invented and demonstrated a parachute the same year.布朗夏尔，简·皮尔·弗朗索瓦：(1753-1809) 法国气球驾驶员，是第一个乘气球飞越英吉利海峡的人（1785年）。同年发明和演示了降落伞〔Gibson〕American baseball player. A right-handed pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals (1959-1975), he is best known for his 1968 season, in which he set major-league records for single-season earned run average (1.12) and most strikeouts in a World Series (35), and won the first of his two Cy Young Awards (1968, 1970).吉布森，罗伯特：美国棒球选手。圣路易斯红衣主教队的右手投手（1959-1975年），在1968年赛季中的表现极为出色，他创下单赛季防御率1.12的棒球联合总会记录以及第35届世界职业棒球联赛中三振出局的记录，并在同年首次获得塞杨奖，他共获得两次希杨奖（1968年、1970年）〔solferino〕After Solferino , a village of northern Italy, from the discovery of a dye of this color in the same year that a battle was fought there (1859) 得名于 索浮里奥 ，意大利北部一村庄，在此发现了品红染料，并在同年(1859年）爆发了一场战争 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。