| 单词 | 善意 |
| 释义 | 〔impute〕imputed the rocket failure to a faulty gasket; kindly imputed my clumsiness to inexperience.把火箭发射失败的责任归咎于有故障的垫圈；善意地将我的笨拙归咎于缺乏经验〔unkind〕Lacking kindness; inconsiderate or unsympathetic.冷酷的：缺乏善意的；不为他人考虑的或对他人没有同情心的〔lark〕To engage in spirited fun or merry pranks.嬉戏：参与活泼的娱乐或善意的恶作剧〔ensign〕"I want the seals of power and place,/The ensigns of command,/Charged by the people's unbought grace,/To rule my native land"(John Quincy Adams)“我要权大位高的印玺，要发号施令的徽章，要它们买不来的人民的宽仁善意来管理，我要这一切来统治我的祖国”(约翰·昆西·亚当斯)〔rattling〕"the guiltless gust of a rattling good yarn"(Anthony Burgess)“听完一个更好的笑话后发出的善意的大笑”(安东尼·伯吉斯)〔rally〕To engage in good-humored teasing or jesting.开玩笑：进行善意地取笑或开玩笑〔chaff〕To make fun of in a good-natured way; tease.打趣：善意地开玩笑；打趣〔pity〕These nouns signify sympathetic, kindly concern aroused by the misfortune, affliction, or suffering of another.这些名词都表示对别人的不幸、痛苦或困难表示同情或善意的关注。〔raillery〕Good-natured teasing or ridicule; banter.打趣，取笑：善意的取笑或逗弄；打趣〔meaning〕a well-meaning fellow; ill-meaning intentions.一个善意的伙计；不怀好意的企图〔desert〕When Shakespeare says in Sonnet 72,"Unless you would devise some virtuous lie,/To do more for me than mine own desert,”he is using the worddesert in the sense of "worthiness; deserving,” a word that is perhaps most familiar to us in the plural, meaning "something that is deserved,”as in the phrasejust deserts. This word goes back to the Latin worddēservīre, "to devote oneself to the service of,”which in Vulgar Latin came to mean "to merit by service.” Dēservīre is made up ofdē-, meaning "thoroughly,” and servīre, "to serve.” Knowing this,we can distinguish thisdesert from desert, "a wasteland,” and desert, "to abandon,” both of which go back to Latindēserere, "to forsake, leave uninhabited,” which is made up ofdē-, expressing the notion of undoing, and the verb serere, "to link together.” We can also distinguish all threedeserts from dessert, "a sweet course at the end of a meal,” which is from the French worddesservir, "to clear the table.” Desservir is made up ofdes-, expressing the notion of reversal, and servir (from Latin servīre ), "to serve,” hence, "to unserve" or "to clear the table.”当莎士比亚在第72首十四行诗中说：“除非你能编出善意的谎言/把我说得比我本人强得多”，这里desert 的意思就是“应得的东西”。 对这个词，我们最熟悉的大概是其复数形式（意思是“应得的东西”）。例如在词组just deserts 中。 该词的起源可以追溯到拉丁词deservire ， 意为“为…而献身”，在俗拉丁语中，意思就变成了“依据服务应得…”。 Deservire 由de- 意思是“完全地，彻底地”和 servire “服务”组成。 知道了这些，我们就可以把desert 与 desert “荒原”和 desert “放弃”区别开来。 后面两个意义可追溯到拉丁语deserere “遗弃，无人居住”， 它由de- 表示“不做”的概念和动词 serere “连接到一起”组成。 我们也能把所有这三个deserts 与 dessert “正餐最后上的一道甜食”区分开来， 后者来自法语词desservir “收拾桌子”。 Desservir 由表达“反，逆”概念的des- 和 servir 组成（来自拉丁语 servire ）， 意为“服务”、“因此“、“不上菜”或“清理桌子”〔putdown〕A typically good-natured parody, especially in theater:模仿：一种典型的善意的模仿，尤指在戏剧中：〔banter〕To exchange mildly teasing remarks.相互善意地取笑〔unkindly〕In an unkind manner.不友善地，不和善地：以一种没有善意的态度〔chaff〕Good-natured teasing; banter.戏谑：善意的取笑；戏谑〔banter〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to poke fun at good-humoredly": 这些动词的中心意思都有“善意地取笑”： 〔grace〕A disposition to be generous or helpful; goodwill.善意，眷顾：慷慨大方或乐于助人的品性；友好〔reason〕"The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding" (Louis D. Brandeis).“对自由最大的危险潜藏于热情、善意但没有良好理解力的人们的隐伏的侵蚀中” （路易斯·D·布兰代斯）。〔lark〕A harmless prank.玩笑：指善意的恶作剧〔josh〕To make or exchange good-humored jokes; banter.See Synonyms at banter 开玩笑，戏弄：无恶意地开玩笑；善意地取笑 参见 banter〔Heywood〕English playwright noted for his works concerning domestic life, especiallyA Woman Killed with Kindness (1603). 海伍德，托马斯：(1574?-1641) 英国剧作家，作品多描述家居生活，主要有《为善意所杀的妇女》 （1603年） 〔Romains〕French writer whose poetry, drama, and fiction, including the novel cycleMen of Good Will (1932-1946), express the belief that an individual is unimportant unless associated with some group. 罗曼，朱尔斯：(1885-1972) 法国作家，其诗歌、戏剧和小说表达了一种个人除非与某个群体联系在一起否则他是无足轻重的信念，作品包括系列长篇小说《善意的人们》 （1932-1946年） 〔rally〕To tease good-humoredly; banter.开玩笑：善意地取笑；打趣〔use〕"the peace offering of a man who once used you unkindly"(Laurence Sterne)“善意对待一个曾经待你不友善的人”(劳伦斯·斯特内)〔inhuman〕Lacking kindness, pity, or compassion; cruel.See Synonyms at cruel 无人性的：没有善意、怜悯或同情的；残暴的 参见 cruel〔chaffer〕One who engages in banter or good-natured teasing.取笑者，逗弄者：开玩笑或善意戏谑的人〔unappreciated〕an unappreciated gesture of good will.不受赏识的善意表示 |
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