| 单词 | 四周 |
| 释义 | 〔Erie〕One of the Great Lakes, bounded by southern Ontario, western New York, northwest Pennsylvania, northern Ohio, and southeast Michigan. A vital part of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway system, it is linked with the Hudson River by the New York State Barge Canal.伊利湖：五大湖之一，四周分别为安大略省南部，纽约州西部，宾夕法尼亚州西北部，俄亥俄州北部及密歇根州东南部，作为五大湖--圣劳伦斯河系统的重要部分，它通过纽约州的驳运运河与哈得孙河相连〔hang〕To furnish, decorate, or appoint by suspending objects around or about:悬挂：用悬挂于四周的物体布置、装饰或装备：〔abscess〕A localized collection of pus in part of the body, formed by tissue disintegration and surrounded by an inflamed area.脓肿，脓疡：身体的一部分因组织损坏而形成的局部脓肿，被四周发炎部位围绕〔swell〕To rise or extend above the surrounding level, as clouds.升起，扩散：象云一般从四周水平面上升或扩展〔around〕a field bordered around with tall trees.四周都是高树环绕的田地〔bid〕"glancing around to be sure that he had been bid by a society that he wanted"(Louis Auchincloss)“扫视四周以确认自己已被他需要的社会所接纳”(路易斯·奥金克洛斯)〔around〕In close to all sides from all directions:四周：自周围向四周：〔litter〕An enclosed or curtained couch mounted on shafts and used to carry a single passenger.轿：架于辕上四周封闭或挂有帘子的睡椅，用于承载单独一个乘客〔girth〕The distance around something; the circumference.周围，四周：围绕某物的距离；周围〔proportion〕Beds of iris were set out in perfect symmetry around a pool filled with water lilies.大片大片的蔓蒲花非常对称地长在开满水仙花的池塘四周。〔about〕On all sides of; surrounding:在…四周；环绕：〔surround〕The area around a thing or place:四周：一物体或地方的周围：〔tennis〕Surprisingly, the origin of the wordtennis is not precisely known, even though much is known about the history of this sport. The word in the formtenetz is first recorded in a work written around 1400. The game referred to is what is now calledcourt tennis, or real tennis, which is played on a large indoor court with a specially marked-out floorand high cement walls off which the ball may be played.It seems likely that the Middle English formtenetz is from tenetz, an Anglo-Norman variant of the Old French word tenez, the imperative oftenir, "to hold,” and meaning "receive,” said by the server to his opponent.As this evidence indicates, tennis originated in medieval France,but the French called the game, then as now,la paume. Bytennis we do not mean what tenetz or la paume meant but rather lawn tennis, a term first recorded around 1874, shortly after an early form of lawn tennis, descended from court tennis, was introduced. Unlike court tennis, which is traditionally associated with the rich and the royal, tennis is open to players from a wide spectrum of society,although it certainly is not unconnected with the rich and the royal.令人惊讶的是，尽管人们对这项运动的历史知之甚多，但tennis 一词的起源却不被人所详细了解。 在约1400年，此词以tenetz 的形式第一次出现在书面上。 其所指的运动就是现在所谓的court tennis 或 real tennis ， 这是一种在有标记的地板的室内场地上进行的运动，场地四周有很高的泥灰墙。而中古英语的tenetz 有可能是从 tenetz 这个古法语中的盎格鲁-诺曼变体 tenez 得来的。 而该古法语词又是tenir 一词的祈使式， 意为“抓住，握住”，而发球人对其对手说时意义为“接住”。这一例子似乎说明网球运动起源于中世纪的法国，但是在法语中，这项运动从古至今一直被称为la paume 。 我们用tennis 这一词其实指代的不是 tenetz 或者 la paume 指代的事物，而是 lawn tennis 这一在1874年前后第一次被记录的词语所指代的事物，此时由庭院网球演变而来的草地网球的一种早期形式正在被介绍开来。 不象传统上与富人和贵族联系紧密的庭院网球，网球运动适合社会各阶层的人，当然这并不是说这一运动就与富人和贵族没有联系〔apprehension〕The student looked around the examination room with apprehension.那名学生恐惧地观看检查室的四周。〔surround〕The central meaning shared by these verbs is "to lie around and bound on all sides": 这些动词共有的中心意义是“四周延伸并限制每边”： 〔mantel〕An ornamental facing around a fireplace.壁炉饰面：在壁炉四周的装饰表面〔podium〕A wall circling the arena of an ancient amphitheater.围在古竞技场四周的墙〔wreathe〕To form a wreath or wreathlike shape around.成圈状：四周形成环或环状的外形〔sunken〕Below a surrounding level:下陷；凹陷的：比四周高度低的：〔Riyadh〕The capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia, in the east-central part of the country east-northeast of Mecca. Situated in a desert oasis, it was formerly a walled city until the oil boom of the 1950's led to the demolition of older structures to make way for commercial expansion. Population, 1,250,000.利雅得：沙特阿拉伯的首都和最大的城市，位于该国的中东部、麦加的东北偏东。该城座落于一个沙漠的绿洲上，从前曾是一个四周有围墙的城市，直到本世纪50年代由于石油工业的繁荣而导致了旧结构的拆毁，并为商业扩大开辟了道路。人口1,250,000〔about〕I found an English garden all about me.在我四周环绕着一个英式花园〔Jhansi〕A city of north-central India south-southeast of Delhi. The city grew around a walled Mogul fort built in 1613. Population, 246,172.占西：印度中北部城市，位于德里东南偏南。城市的四周是砌于1613年的墙式莫卧儿堡垒。人口246,172〔splash〕A marking produced by or as if by scattered fluid:扩散图：由四周散射的液体或仿佛由四周散射的液体产生的标志或图示：〔loach〕Any of various Eurasian and African freshwater fishes of the family Cobitidae, having barbels around the mouth.鳅，泥鳅：鳅科的各种亚欧和非洲淡水鱼，嘴四周有触须〔flash〕"Everything about her shimmered and glimmered softly, as if her dress had been woven out of candle-beams" (Edith Wharton).“她四周的所有物体都发出柔和的光，仿佛她的衣服是由烛光织成的” （埃迪斯·瓦顿）。〔favorable〕"I lingered round them, under that benign sky . . . and wondered how anyone could ever imagine unquiet slumbers, for the sleepers in that quiet earth" (Emily Brontë).Somethingconducive leads or contributes to a result, often a desirable one: “我巡视四周，在温和的天空下…想知道谁能想象不宁静的睡眠，为那块安静土地上的安眠者” （埃米莉·勃朗特）。Conductive 指导向或引起结果，通常是有利的事： 〔entrails〕"sidewalk repair shops, where the entrails of bicycles and cars and motorcycles are spread, mechanics poring over them"(Alan Cowell)“人行道边的修理铺里，自行车、汽车和摩托车的部件散落四周，机械工们正在研究这些部件”(艾伦·考埃尔)〔gringo〕The wordgringo is an offensive term in Latin America for a foreigner, particularly an American or English person.But the word existed in Spanish before this particular sense came into being.In fact,gringo may be an alteration of the word griego, the Spanish development of LatinGraecus, "Greek.” Griego first meant "Greek, Grecian,”as an adjective and "Greek, Greek language,” as a noun.The saying "It's Greek to me" exists in Spanish,as it does in English,and helps us understand whygriego came to mean "unintelligible language" and perhaps, by further extension of this idea,"stranger, that is, one who speaks a foreign language.”The altered formgringo lost touch with Greek but has the senses "unintelligible language,” "foreigner, especially an English person,”and in Latin America, "North American or Britisher.”Its first recorded English use (1849) is in John Woodhouse Audubon'sWestern Journal: "We were hooted and shouted at as we passed through, and called ‘Gringoes.’”在拉丁美洲，gringo 一词是对外国人， 尤其是英美人的不尊敬的称呼。但在有这一特定含义之前这个词已存在于西班牙语之中。事实上，gringo 也许是 griego 一词的变体， 而后者则是西班牙语对拉丁语中Graecus “希腊的”一词的发展。 Griego 开始作形容词时意为“希腊的”； 作名词时意为“希腊，希腊语”。在西班牙语中也有“这对我来说象希腊语一样”的说法，这同英语中一样。这就帮我们理解为什么griego 开始有“胡说八道”的意思， 随着这层意思地延伸，就指“陌生人，即一个讲外语的人”。gringo 的变体已与希腊毫无关系而却有了“胡说八道”、 “外国人，尤指讲英语的人”等含义；在拉丁美洲它更指“北美人或英国人”。此词有记载的第一次在英语中的运用（1849年）是在约翰·伍德豪斯·奥杜邦的西部游记 中： “我们走过时四周都是叫喊声、怪叫声和‘外国佬’的叫骂声”〔mat〕A decorative border placed around a picture to serve as a frame or provide contrast between the picture and the frame.衬边：在画四周装上装饰的衬边作为框边或使画与镜框之间形成对比〔bestrew〕To lie scattered over or about:布满，放满：稀疏地放于…表面或四周：〔tales〕from Medieval Latin tālēs dē circumstantibus [such (persons) from those standing about (a phrase used in the writ)] 源自 中世纪拉丁语 tālēs dē circumstantibus [四周站着的人们中的这些（人）（召集令中所使用的词句）] 〔Bangweulu〕A shallow lake bordered by swamps on a plateau of northeast Zambia. It was discovered by David Livingstone in 1868.班韦乌卢：位于赞比亚东北部高原上的一个四周由沼泽围绕的浅湖，1868年由戴维·李文斯顿发现〔leading〕A border or rim of lead, as around a windowpane.铅框：一铅制边界或框，如围在窗玻璃格四周的〔rollmops〕A marinated fillet of herring wrapped around a pickle or an onion and served as an hors d'oeuvre.香料醋渍鲱鱼卷：作为正餐的开胃小菜的四周用泡菜或洋葱环绕浸腌过的鲱鱼鱼片〔karma〕There's bad karma around the house today.今天房子四周都笼罩着不好的气氛〔ambient〕ambient sound; ambient air.四周的声音；周围的空气〔month〕A unit of time corresponding approximately to one cycle of the moon's phases, or about 30 days or 4 weeks.月：大约和月亮盈亏的一个周期相当的时间单位，或约三十天或四周〔carnation〕Any of numerous cultivated forms of a perennial plant(Dianthus caryophyllus) having showy, variously colored, usually double, often fragrant flowers with fringed petals. （麝）香石竹，康乃馨：一种大量种植的（麝香石竹 石竹属） 属多年生植物，通常开重瓣花，花色多样且鲜艳，气味芳香，四周有花瓣 〔about〕All around; on every side:四周；各个方向：〔scarf〕To wrap (an outer garment) around one like a scarf.用（一外罩）象围巾一样四周包起 |
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