| 单词 | 回到 |
| 释义 | 〔Khomeini〕Iranian Shiite leader and head of state (1979-1989). Arrested (1963) and exiled (1964) for his opposition to Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi's regime, he returned to Iran on the shah's downfall (1979) and established a new constitution giving himself supreme powers. His reign was marked by a return to strict observance of the Islamic code.霍梅尼，卢霍拉：(1900-1989) 伊朗伊斯兰教什叶派领袖和国家元首（1979-1989年）。因反对沙·穆罕默德·礼萨·巴列维的统治而被捕（1963年）和流放（1964年），沙被颠覆后回到伊朗（1979年）并创立了一个赋于他自己最高权利的新宪法。他的统治以重新严格遵守伊斯兰教义为标志〔decompress〕To bring (a person exposed to conditions of increased pressure) gradually back to normal atmospheric pressure.使卸压：使（处于增强气压作用下的人）逐渐回到正常的大气压下〔obstinate〕The stiff-necked old Brahmin returned to Boston.那个固执的老布莱明回到了波士顿。〔realign〕To put back into proper order or alignment.重新校正：使之重回到良好的秩序和恢复成一条直线〔dark〕“[He] retreated from the limelight to the shadowy fringe of music history" (Charles Sherman).The word can refer to something that seems to lack substance and is mysterious and possibly sinister: “ 从受人注意的中心回到音乐史的虚幻边缘” （查尔斯·谢尔曼）。这个词可用来指看起来好象缺乏实质和神秘的或可能邪恶的事情： 〔vogue〕The history of the wordvogue takes us back from the abstract world of fashion to the concrete actions of moving in a vehicle and rowing a boat, demonstrating how sense can change dramatically over time even though it flows, as it were, in the same channel.The history ofvogue begins with the Indo-European root .wegh-, meaning "to go, transport in a vehicle.” Among many other forms derived from this root was the Germanic stem.wēga-, "water in motion.” From this stem came the Old Low German verbwogōn, meaning "to sway, rock.” This verb passed into Old French asvoguer, which meant "to sail, row.” The Old French word yielded the nounvogue, which probably literally meant "a rowing,” and so "a course,” and figuratively "reputation" and then "reputation of fashionable things" or "prevailing fashion,” which involve courses, so to speak.The French passed the noun on to us,it being first recorded in English in 1571.vogue 一词的历史把我们从抽象世界的时尚带回到在车辆里移动和划船的具体行为， 显示出尽管意义象以前一样在同一个轨道上变化，但它能越过时间发生引人瞩目的变化。vogue 的历史起源于印欧词根 wegh-， 意思是“走，在车辆里运行”。 从此词根发展出许多别的词形，如日尔曼词干wega- ，“运动的水。” 古低地德语动词wogon 从此词干而来，意思是“摆动，震动。” 这个动词以voguer 的形式传入，意为“航行，划。” 古法语词又产生出名词vogue， 字面上的意义可能是“一次划船，”并转为“一个过程，”并且其喻义为“名声”，而后为“流行东西的名声”或“流行的时尚，”可以说它包含着一些过程。法语把这个名词传给我们，于1571年最早被录入英语〔boomerang〕A flat, curved, usually wooden missile configured so that when hurled it returns to the thrower.回飞镖：一种平的、弯的，通常是木制的飞镖，当投出去后能回到投掷者手中〔civilization〕returned to civilization after camping in the mountains.山区宿营后回到文明世界〔Knox〕Scottish religious reformer and founder of Scottish Presbyterianism. While living in exile (1553-1559) during the reign of Mary Queen of Scots, a Catholic, he came under the influence of John Calvin. Returning to Scotland (1559), Knox led the struggle for religious reform. With the drafting of the Confessions of Faith (1560), Protestantism became the established religion in Scotland.诺克斯，约翰：(1514?-1572) 苏格兰宗教改革家和苏格兰长老会的创建人。在天主教徒玛丽女王统治苏格兰时，他被流放。他在流放中（1553-1559年）受到了约翰·加尔文的影响。回到苏格兰以后（1559年），他领导了宗教改革斗争。随着《信仰声明》的起草(1560年），新教成为苏格兰的国教〔repine〕Immigrants who repined for their homeland.渴望回到故土的移民们〔opossum〕The wordopossum takes us back to the earliest days of the United States. The settlement of Jamestown, Virginia, was founded in 1607 by the London Company, chartered for the planting of colonies.Even though the first years were difficult,promotional literature was glowing.In one such piece,A True Declaration of the Estate of the Colonie in Virginia, published in 1610, we find this passage: "There are . . . Apossouns, in shape like to pigges.”This is the first recorded use ofopossum, although in a spelling that differs from the one later settled on to reproduce the sound of the Virginia Algonquian word from which our word came.The wordopossum and its shortened form possum, first recorded in 1613 in more promotional literature, remind us of a time when the New World was still very new, settlers were few,and the inhabitants for whom the New World was not new were plentiful.词语opossum 把我们带回到了早期的美国社会。 伦敦公司，作为开拓殖民地的委托者，在1607年建立了弗吉尼亚詹姆斯敦的居民点。即使在最初的年代里很困难，激进文学也开始抬头。在其中有一篇于1610年出版的弗吉尼亚殖民地的真实宣言 ， 其中有一段“一种形似猪的动物”，就是最早的关于opossum 的记录， 虽然它的拼写和现在我们所使用的弗吉尼亚阿尔贡金语的拼写有所不同。词语opossum 和其缩写形式 possum 最初于1613年记录在更加激进的文学作品中， 让我们回想起当新大陆还很陌生而且只有很少的居住者时，已有许多对于新大陆并不陌生的土著居民〔home〕To go or return to one's residence or base of operations.回家，回基地：去或回到某人的居所或工作基地〔axel〕A jump in figure skating that is initiated from the outer forward edge of one skate, followed by one and one half midair turns and a return to the outer backward edge of the other skate.一周半跳：花样滑冰中的跳跃动作，从一个溜冰者的外前侧开始，跟着转体一周半，回到另一个溜冰者的外后侧〔intrapreneur〕The wordentrepreneur is more than 150 years old, having come into English from French in 1828.But it is not until very recently that we find its intracorporate counterpart,intrapreneur, meaning "a person within a large corporation who takes direct responsibility for turning an idea into a profitable finished product through assertive risk-taking and innovation.”This coinage is generally attributed to management consultant Gifford Pinchot,author of the 1985 book entitledIntrapreneuring; others insist its true originator was Norman Macrae, deputy editor of theEconomist, although Macrae himself denies it.Still, whatever its exact source,in the scant number of years since its inception the termintrapreneur has gained currency very quickly. It has also given rise to various derivatives,such as the aforementioned gerundintrapreneuring, the noun intrapreneurship (as in a September 30, 1985, interview with Stephen Jobs inNewsweek : "The Macintosh team was what is commonly known as intrapreneurship—only a few years before the term was coined—a group of people going in essence back to the garage, but in a large company"),the adjectiveintrapreneurial, and another noun, intrapreneurialism ("what has become known as intrapreneurialism, where people within the corporation acquire more adventurous small business outlooks,” by Ian Hamilton-Fazy in "An Uneasy Co-existence,”Financial Times, October 23, 1984). Broad use of a word and the development of numerous derivatives are strong signals predicting staying power within the language.Intrapreneur and its spinoffs are of particular interest to etymologists and lexicographers because they illustrate the constant changes inherent in a living language.entrepreneur 一词已有150多年的历史， 于1828年从法语传入英语。但是直到最近我们才发现其在公司内部的对应人物intrapreneur ， 意为“对通过果断地承担风险和革新使想法变为有利可图的成品这一过程承担直接责任的大公司里的高级成员”。这个新造的词普遍认为应归功于业务顾问吉福德·平肖，1985年出版的名为Intrapreneuring 一书的作者； 其他人坚持其真正的发明者是经济学家 杂志的副编辑诺曼·麦克里， 虽然麦克里本人否认这一点。然而，不管其准确的起源是什么，自它开始出现以来的短短几年中，intrapreneur 一词已很快流行开来。 它同样产生了多个衍生词，例如前面提到的动名词intrapreneuring ，名词 intrapreneurship （例如新闻周刊 于1985年9月30日斯蒂芬·乔布斯的采访中： “马金托什队通常地以出色的企业运作而闻名——仅仅是这个词条被发明的几年前——一群实质上是回到汽车房的人，而现在不过是大公司的汽车房罢了”），形容词intraprenurial 以及另一个名词 intrapreneurialim （以企业运作主义出名的地方，在那儿公司内部的职员获得更为冒险的商业前景”，伊恩·汉密尔顿一费茨的“不稳定的共存”，金融时报 1984年10月23日出版）。 一个词的广泛运用以及无数派生词的产生是预示语言内部持久力的强烈的信号。词源学家以及词典编纂者对intrpreneur 以及它的派生词产生了独特的兴趣， 因为它们说明现用语言所固有的持续不断的变化〔Hardwicke〕British actor who appeared in a number of plays, includingBack to Methuselah (1924) and Promise (1936), and in numerous motion pictures. 哈德威克，赛德利克·韦伯斯特：(1893-1964) 英国演员，出演多部戏剧，包括《回到玛士撒拉》 （1924年）和 《诺言》 （1936年），并出演多部电影 〔relapse〕To fall or slide back into a former state.恢复：回到或陷入以前的状况〔sense〕Come to your senses.回到你的理智中来〔come〕To return to or regain past success after a period of misfortune.东山再起：在一段不幸之后回到或再获得过去的成功〔revert〕To return to a former condition, practice, subject, or belief.See Synonyms at return See Usage Note at redundancy 回复，回返：回到早期目的状态、实际、主题或信仰 参见 return 参见 redundancy〔fey〕The history of the wordsfey and fay illustrates a rather fey coincidence. Our wordfay, "fairy, elf,” the descendant of Middle Englishfaie, "a person or place possessed of magical properties,” and first recorded around 1390,goes back to Old Frenchfae, "fairy,” the same word that has given usfairy. Fae in turn comes from Vulgar LatinFāta, "the goddess of fate,” from Latin fātum, "fate.” Iffay goes back to fate, so doesfey in a manner of speaking, for its Old English ancestorfǣge meant "fated to die.” The sense we are more familiar with, "magical or fairylike in quality,”seems to have arisen partly because of the resemblance in sound betweenfay and fey. fey 和 fay 两词的历史展示了一个十分奇特的巧合。 我们现在所使用的词fay, “神仙，小精灵，” 是中古英语faie, “具有魔力的人或地方”的派生词， 它首次记载于约1390年左右，回溯到古法语fae “神仙”， 这一词产生了我们现在的fairy。 Fae 依次产生于俗拉丁语Fata, “命运女神，”和拉丁语 fatum， “命运。” 如果fay 回到命运的意思， 可以说fey 也是如此， 因为其古英语原形f?ge 的意思即为“注定死亡。” 我们现在更熟悉的意思“性质上具有魔力的或似神仙的”，似乎部分是由于fay 和 fey 在读音上的相似而产生的 〔Magellan〕Portuguese navigator. While trying to find a western route to the Moluccas (1519), Magellan and his expedition were blown by storms into the strait that now bears his name (1520). He named and sailed across the Pacific Ocean, reaching the Marianas and the Philippines (1521), where he was killed fighting for a friendly native king. One of his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation of the globe.麦哲伦，费迪南德：(1480?-1521) 葡萄牙航海家。在试图找到一条向西通向摩鹿加群岛的航线时(1519年），麦哲伦和他的远征船队被风暴吹到了现在以他的名字命名的海峡(1520年）。他给太平洋命了名并且穿越了太平洋，到达马里亚纳群岛和菲律宾群岛(1521年），在那里在替一位友好的土著国王作战时被杀害。他船队中只有一条船回到了西班牙(1522年），从而完成了第一次环球航行〔world〕turned her back on the world.让她回到人类社会〔Kibei〕Japanese [to go home, return to America, Kibei] 日语 [回家，回到美国，回美第二代人] 〔forsake〕forsook Hollywood and returned to the legitimate stage.彻底离开好莱坞回到话剧舞台〔recover〕To regain a normal or usual condition, as of health.恢复：再次回到正常或平时的状况，如健康的恢复〔away〕away back in the 17th century; away off on the horizon.回到远离的17世纪；远离地平线〔nerd〕The wordnerd and a nerd, undefined but illustrated, first appeared in 1950 in Dr. Seuss'sIf I Ran the Zoo : "And then, just to show them,I'll sail to Ka-Troo And Bring Back an It-Kutch a Preep and a Proo a Nerkle a Nerd and a Seersucker, too!” (The nerd itself is a small humanoid creature looking comically angry,like a thin, cross Chester A. Arthur.)Nerd next appears, with a gloss, in the February 10, 1957, issue of the Glasgow, Scotland, Sunday Mail in a regular column entitled "ABC for SQUARES": "Nerd—a square, any explanation needed?”Many of the terms defined in this "ABC" are unmistakable Americanisms,such ashep, ick, and jazzy, as is the gloss "square,” the current meaning ofnerd. The third appearance ofnerd in print is back in the United States in 1970 in Current Slang : “Nurd [sic], someone with objectionable habits or traits. . . . An uninteresting person, a ‘dud.’” Authorities disagree on whether the two nerds—Dr. Seuss's small creature and the teenage slang term in theGlasgow Sunday Mail —are the same word. Some experts claim there is no semantic connectionand the identity of the words is fortuitous.Others maintain that Dr. Seuss is the true originator ofnerd and that the wordnerd ("comically unpleasant creature") was picked up by the five- and six-year-olds of 1950 and passed on to their older siblings, who by 1957, as teenagers,had restricted and specified the meaning to the most comically obnoxious creature of their own class,a "square.”单词nerd 和 a nerd，无定义但有说明， 第一次出现于1950年瑟斯博士写的要是我管动物园 中： “然后，仅仅是为了给他们看，我将航行到Ka-Troo，并带回It-Kutch a Preep和a Proo a Nerkle a Nerd ，还有一件印度泡泡纱！”（蠢货本身是一个具有人类特点的小动物，一副好笑发怒的样子，像瘦小很生气的切斯特·A阿瑟）。Nerd 接着在1957年2月10日苏格兰格拉斯哥人一期杂志上再次出现，还有一个解释。 星期日邮报 在一常设栏目中出了题为“古板之人ABC"的文章： "Nerd——古板之人，还需要任何解释吗?”许多在这个"ABC"中定义的术语是明显的美国特有词，如hep,ick 和 jazzy ， 正如nerd 的现行意思“古板之人”一样， nerd 第三次出现于印刷品中又回到了1970年美国的 最新俚语 中： “Nurd ［原文如此］带有令人不快的习惯或品质的人…一个没趣的人，一个‘饭桶。’” 权威们对这两个蠢货--瑟斯博士所指的小动物和格拉斯奇星期日邮报 上的青少年俚语是否是同一个词持不同意见。 有些专家宣称此处无语义联系，两个词的相似属偶然。其他人则坚持瑟斯博士是nerd 一词的始创者， 且nerd 一词（意为“令人不快的滑稽小动物”）让1950年时五、六岁的孩子们学会并传给了比他们大些的兄姐。 到1957年，作为青少年，他们把意思限定和专指他们当中最滑稽讨厌的家伙，即“古板守旧”的人〔repatriate〕Late Latin repatriāre repatriāt- [to return to one's country] 后期拉丁语 repatriāre repatriāt- [回到某人的国家] 〔futz〕"would like to return to the days when Americans believed: ‘By golly, you don't futz around with Uncle Sam’”(Wall Street Journal)“愿意回到美国人相信：‘天哪，你没有和山姆大叔一起虚度光阴’的时代”(华尔街期刊)〔return〕To go or come back, as to an earlier condition or place.返回：回去或回来，如回到一个早先的状态或位置〔ahold〕"I knew I could make it all right if I got . . . back to the hotel and got ahold of that bottle of brandy"(Jimmy Breslin)"Can you tell me how to get ahold of them?”(Margaret Truman)“我知道要是我能回到旅馆拿起那瓶白兰地酒，我就会没事的”(吉米·布雷斯林)“你能告诉我怎样抓住他们吗?”(玛格丽特·杜鲁门)〔bottom〕Let's get to the bottom of the problem.让我们回到问题的源头〔redifferentiation〕A process by which a group of once differentiated cells return to their original specialized form.再分化：一组曾经分化过的细胞回到它们原来的特定形态的过程〔retrograde〕Reverting to an earlier or inferior condition.退化的：回到较早或较低级的状态的〔premise〕Why do we call a single buildingthe premises ? To answer this question,we must go back to the Middle Ages.But first, let it be noted thatpremises comes from the past participle praemissa, which is both a feminine singular and a neuter plural form of the Latin verbpraemittere, "to send in advance, utter by way of preface, place in front, prefix.” In Medieval Latin the feminine formpraemissa was used as a term in logic, for which we still use the termpremise descended from the Medieval Latin word (first recorded in a work composed before 1380).Medieval Latinpraemissa in the plural meant "things mentioned before" and was used in legal documents, almost always in the plural,a use that was followed in Old French and Middle English, both of which borrowed the word from Latin.A more specific legal sense in Middle English,"that property, collectively, which is specified in the beginning of a legal document and which is conveyed, as by grant,”was also always in the plural in Middle English and later Modern English.And so it remained when this sense was extended to mean "a house or building with its grounds or appurtenances,”a usage first recorded before 1730.为什么我们把单独的一幢建筑称为the premises ？ 为了回答这个问题，我们必须回到中世纪。但首先必须注意的是premises 是从过去式 praemissa 而来的， 这是意思为“预先发送,以前言的方式说出，放在前边，前缀”的拉丁动词praemittere 的阴性单数形式及中性复数形式。 在中世纪拉丁语中，praemissa 作为阴性形式被用作逻辑状语， 因此我们仍然使用这个来源于中世纪拉丁语的术语premise （第一次记载于1380年前编纂的作品中）。中世纪拉丁语praemissa 的复数形式意为“前面提到的事物”， 用于法律文件并总是以复数形式出现，古法语和中古英语中都从拉丁语中借用了这个词及其用法。中古英语中有一种更特殊的法律方面的意义，“法律文件开头指明并根据转让的财产，如通过赠送”,在中世纪英语和后来的现代英语中也是以复数形式使用。因此当它的意思被扩展为“连同其土地及设施一所房子或一幢建筑”时仍保留这一用法，该用法最初记载于1730年前。〔get〕To return to a person, place, or condition:归还：回到一个人身边、一个地方或一种情况：〔ground〕a sculptor back on her own ground after experiments with painting.在进行了绘画方面的探索之后又回到自己领域的雕塑家〔repair〕from Late Latin repatriāre [to return to one's country] * see repatriate 源自 后期拉丁语 repatriāre [回到自己的国家] * 参见 repatriate〔slide〕To return to a less favorable or less worthy condition.不知不觉陷入：回到不太有利或不太有价值的状况〔regroup〕To come back together in a tactical formation, as after a dispersal in a retreat.重新编制：回到一起组成一个战术的编队，如在撤退中失散以后 |
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英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。