| 单词 | 国务卿 |
| 释义 | 〔Hull〕American public official who as secretary of state (1933-1944) laid the groundwork for the founding of the United Nations.赫尔，科德尔：(1871-1955) 美国官员，曾任国务卿(1933-1944年），联合国的奠基人〔Everett〕American clergyman, orator, educator, and diplomat whose many offices included U.S. representative from Massachusetts (1825-1835), minister to Great Britain (1841-1845), and secretary of state (1852-1853).埃弗雷特，爱德华：(1794-1865) 美国牧师、演说家、教育家和外交家，他曾任职的职务包括来自马萨诸塞州的众议员（1825-1835年）、驻英国的公使（1841-1845年）和美国国务卿（1852-1853年）〔Byrnes〕American politician who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1941-1942). As secretary of state (1945-1947) he tried unsuccessfully to ease postwar tensions between the United States and the U.S.S.R.贝尔纳，詹姆斯·弗朗西斯：(1879-1972) 美国政治家，1941年至1942年任美国最高法院陪审法官。1945年至1947任美国国务卿，他试图缓和战后美国和苏联之间的紧张关系，但未能见效〔Evarts〕American lawyer and politician who was the chief defense attorney during the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson and served as U.S. secretary of state (1877-1881) and senator from New York (1885-1891).埃瓦茨，威廉·麦克斯韦：(1818-1901) 美国律师和政治家，是总统安德鲁·约翰逊在弹劾期间的主要辩护律师，曾任美国国务卿（1877-1881年）和来自于纽约的参议员（1885-1891年）〔Webster〕American politician. A U.S. representative from New Hampshire (1813-1817) and later a representative (1823-1827) and senator (1827-1841 and 1845-1850) from Massachusetts, he was a noted orator who espoused preservation of the Union. He twice served as secretary of state (1841-1843 and 1850-1852).韦伯斯特，丹尼尔：(1782-1852) 美国政治家。曾任美国新罕布什尔州的众议员(1813-1817年），后任马萨诸塞州的众议员(1823-1827年）和参议员(1827-1841和1845-1850年）。他是著名的演讲家，曾支持保存联邦政府。他两度出任国务卿(1841-1843和1850-1852年）〔Pickering〕American Revolutionary leader and politician. He served as U.S. secretary of state (1795-1800) and as a U.S. senator from Massachusetts (1803-1811).皮克林，提摩太：(1745-1829) 美国革命领导人和政治家。曾任美国国务卿(1795-1800年）和马萨诸塞州的美国参议员(1803-1811年）〔Randolph〕American Revolutionary leader and public official. A member of the Constitutional Convention (1787), he later served as U.S. attorney general (1789-1794) and secretary of state (1794-1795).伦道夫，埃德蒙·珍尼斯：(1753-1813) 美国革命领袖和政治官员，大陆会议的代表之一(1787年），后来担任美国司法部长(1789-1794年）和国务卿(1794-1795年）〔Hunter〕American politician who served as Confederate secretary of state (1861-1862) and as a member of the Confederate senate (1862-1865).亨特，罗伯特·默塞尔·塔莱斐罗：(1809-1887) 美国政治家，曾任南部邦联的国务卿(1861-1862年）和参议员(1862-1865年）〔Muskie〕American politician. A Democratic U.S. senator from Maine (1958-1980), he also served as U.S. secretary of state (1980-1981).马斯基，埃德蒙·西克斯图斯：(生于 1914) 美国政治家，来自缅因州的美国民主党议员(1958-1980年），曾担任过美国国务卿(1980-1981年）〔Benjamin〕British-born American politician who served as Confederate secretary of war (1861-1862) and secretary of state (1862-1865).本杰明，犹大·菲利普：(1811-1884) 英裔美籍政治家，曾任南部联邦战时国防部长（1861-1862年）和国务卿（1862-1865年）〔Haig〕American general and public official who served as U.S. secretary of state (1981-1982).黑格，小亚历山大·梅格斯：(生于 1924) 美国陆军上将，政府官员，曾任美国国务卿（1981-1982年）〔warn〕The Secretary of State cautioned that terrorism would be countered by retaliatory action.国务卿警告说，恐怖主义将要受到报复性还击。〔Dulles〕American diplomat and politician who as U.S. secretary of state (1953-1959) pursued a policy of opposition to the U.S.S.R. largely through military and economic aid to American allies.杜勒斯，约翰·福斯特：(1888-1959) 美国外交官与政治家，1953-1959年任职国务卿期间坚持反苏政策，主要通过向美国的盟国提供军事与经济援助实施这一政策〔Adams〕The sixth President of the United States (1825-1829). As secretary of state (1817-1825) he helped formulate the Monroe Doctrine. After his presidency he served in the House of Representatives (1831-1848), where he advocated antislavery measures.亚当斯，约翰·昆西：(1767-1848) 美国第六任总统（1825-1829年）。作为国务卿（1817-1825年），他帮助制定门罗主义，卸任后任众议员（1831-1848年），并提出反对奴隶制的措施〔Kissinger〕German-born American diplomat who was national security adviser (1969-1975) and U.S. secretary of state (1973-1977) under Presidents Nixon and Ford. He shared the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for helping negotiate the Vietnam cease-fire.基辛格，亨利·阿尔弗烈德：(生于 1923) 德国裔美国外交家，曾在尼克松总统和福特总统手下任国家安全事务顾问（1969-1975年）和美国国务卿（1973-1977年）。他因促进越南停战谈判而获1973年诺贝尔和平奖〔Hay〕American public official and writer who served as ambassador to Great Britain (1897-1898) and U.S. secretary of state (1898-1905). His literary works include poetry and a life of Abraham Lincoln (1890).海，约翰·米尔顿：(1838-1905) 曾任美驻英国大使(1897-1898年）和美国国务卿(1898-1905年）的美国政府官员和作家，其作品包括诗集和一部亚伯拉罕·林肯的传记(1890年）〔Hughes〕American jurist and politician who was appointed an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1910) but resigned to make an unsuccessful bid for the presidency (1916). He served as secretary of state (1921-1925) and later as the chief justice of the Supreme Court (1930-1941).休斯，查尔斯·埃文斯：(1862-1948) 美国法理学家和政治学家，1910年被任命为美国最高法院陪审法官，1916年辞职参加总统选举失败。1921年至1925年任国务卿，1930年至1941年任最高法院首席大法官〔Knox〕American politician who as U.S. attorney general (1901-1904) won the antitrust suit against Northern Securities Company (1904) and later served as a U.S. senator from Pennsylvania (1904-1909 and 1917-1921) and U.S. secretary of state (1909-1913).诺克斯，费兰德·蔡斯：(1853-1921) 美国政治家，在任美国司法部长期间（1901-1904年），在一起反托拉斯诉讼中击败了北方安全公司（1904年），后代表宾夕法尼亚州出任美国参议员（1904-1909年，1917-1921年），并于1909年到1913年任国务卿〔Blaine〕American politician. A U.S. representative (1863-1876) and senator (1876-1881) from Maine, he was U.S. secretary of state (1881 and 1889-1892) and lost the 1884 presidential election to Grover Cleveland.布莱恩，詹姆斯·吉莱斯皮：(1830-1893) 美国政治家，美国众议院议员（1863-1876年）和参议员（1876-1881年），来自缅因州，曾任美国国务卿（1881和1889-1892年），1884年竞选总统时败于格罗弗·克利夫兰〔Clayton〕American public official who as secretary of state (1849-1850) negotiated the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty with Great Britain (1850), establishing the neutrality of a proposed canal across Central America.克莱顿，约翰·米德尔顿：(1796-1856) 美国政府官员，曾任国务卿（1849-1850年），与英国达成克莱顿-布尔沃条约（1850年），确立了穿越中美的运河其中立地位〔Kellogg〕American public official who as U.S. secretary of state (1925-1929) cosponsored the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928), ratified by 62 nations, that renounced war as an instrument of national policy. For this he won the 1929 Nobel Peace Prize.凯洛格，弗兰克·比灵斯：(1856-1937) 美国公务官员，作为美国国务卿（1925-1929年）他倡议签署了凯洛格-白里安约定（1928年），得到62个国家认可，约定否认了将战争作为国家政策实施的工具。他因此而获得1929年诺贝尔和平奖〔Frelinghuysen〕American politician who served as U.S. senator from New Jersey (1866-1869 and 1871-1877) and negotiated for a naval base at Pearl Harbor as secretary of state (1881-1885).弗里林海森，弗雷德里克·狄奥多拉：(1817-1885) 美国政治家，来自新泽西的参议员(1866-1869及1871-1877年），并作为国务卿通过谈判在珍珠港建立了海军基地(1881-1885年）〔Lansing〕American public official who as U.S. secretary of state (1915-1920) arranged the purchase of the Virgin Islands (1917) and attended the peace conference ending World War I (1919).兰辛，罗伯特：(1864-1928) 美国政府官员，作为美国国务卿(1915-1920年）于1917年安排购买了维尔京群岛，并于1919年参加了结束第一次世界大战的和平会议〔choke〕"The only top official to choke up was the Secretary of State. . . . he created a problem by insisting on solving a problem that was not acute"(William Safire)“国务卿是唯一的举止失措的高级官员…他坚持要解决一个并不严重的问题反而造成了问题”(威廉·萨菲尔)〔host〕Host was used as a verb in Shakespeare's time, but this usage was long obsoletewhen the verb was reintroduced (or perhaps reinvented) in recent yearsto mean "perform the role of a host.”The usage occurs particularly in contexts relating to institutional gatherings or television and radio shows,where the person performing the role of host has not personally invited the guests to his or her own establishment (thus it would be odd to sayThis evening we are hosting a dinner party at our house for my husband's cousins from New York ). Perhaps because the verb involves a suspect extension of the traditional conception of hospitality,it initially met with critical resistance.In a 1968 surveyonly 18 percent of the Usage Panel accepted the usage in the sentenceThe Cleveland chapter will host this year's convention. Over time, however,the usage has become increasingly well establishedand appears to serve a useful purpose in describing the activities of one who performs the ceremonial or practical role of a host (in arranging a conference or entertainment, welcoming guests, and so forth).In our most recent survey53 percent of the Panelists accepted the usage in the phrasea reception hosted by the Secretary of State. The verb is less well accepted when used to describe the role of a performer who acts as a master of ceremonies for a broadcast or film,where the relation of the word to the notion of "hospitality" is stretched still further.Only 31 percent of the Panel accepted the use of the verb in the sentenceStudents have watched Sex, Drugs and AIDS, a graphic film hosted by actress Rae Dawn Chong. · The verbcohost has likewise become well established in its use to refer to those who collaborate in assuming responsibility for an occasion. Fifty-eight percent of the Usage Panel accepted this use in the sentenceThe Department of Architecture and the Department of History will be cohosting a reception for conference participants. Host 一词在莎士比亚时代用作动词， 但自那时起这一用法很长时间不用了，直到近年来又被重新起用（或者可能重新创造），用来表示“担当主人的角色”。这一用法尤其在学术聚会或电视、电台节目的情况下使用，在这些情况下，身为主人的人并没有以私人身份邀请客人去到他或她自己的家中，（这样的话，如果我们说今天晚上我们将在家中为我丈夫来自纽约的表兄妹‘主办’一个晚餐会 就会觉得有点别扭）。 也许是因为有人认为这一动词用法会扩大传统的“好客”概念，所以一开始它就遭到了批评性抑制。在1968年的一次调查中，用法专题使用小组中18%的成员在如下句子中的用法，即克利夫兰分会将主办本年度的大会。 但是，随着时间的推移，这一用法已逐渐被接受，并在描绘一个担当司仪或具体的主人任务（例如安排会议或娱乐活动，欢迎客人等等）时起到了很好的作用。在我们最近一次的调查中，用法专题使用小组中的53%的成员接受了短语由国务卿出面举办的招待会 中"host"一词的用法。 但当这一动词用法用来描绘作为广播节目或电影节目的主持人的主持工作时，人们就不太接受其用法，因为这样用，这个词与“好客”这一概念的关系就更松了。只有31%的用法专题使用小组成员接受host在句子学生们观摩了 由 演员雷·唐·宗主持解说的纪录片 ‘性、毒品与艾滋病’”中的动词用法。 同样，用来表示分工合作共同举办某一活动的动词cohost 也已被普遍接受。 58%的用法专题使用小组成员接受这一动词在如下句子中的用法：建筑系和历史系将共同为与会者举办一次招待会 〔Root〕American lawyer and public official who served as U.S. secretary of war (1899-1904), secretary of state (1905-1909), and senator from New York (1909-1915). He won the 1912 Nobel Peace Prize.鲁特，伊莱休：(1845-1937) 美国律师和政府官员，曾任美国作战部长(1899-1904年）、国务卿(1905-1909年）及从纽约州选出的参议院议员(1909-1915年），曾获1912年诺贝尔和平奖〔MacLeish〕American poet who served as Librarian of Congress (1939-1944) and assistant secretary of state (1944-1945). He won a Pulitzer Prize forConquistador (1932), Collected Poems 1917-1952 (1952), and the verse play J.B. (1958). 麦克利什，阿希巴尔德：(1892-1982) 美国诗人，曾任美国国会图书馆馆长(1939-1944年）和助理国务卿(1944-1945年）。以其作品《征服者》 （1932年）， 《1917-1952诗选》 （1952年）和诗剧 《J.B.》 （1958年）而获普利策奖 〔Powell〕American general who has served as U.S. secretary of state (since 2001) and as chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1989-1996). He was influential in planning U.S. strategy during the Persian Gulf War.鲍威尔，柯林·路德：美国将军，曾任美国国务卿（自2001年）和美国参谋首长联席会主席（1989-1996年）。在波湾战争时对美国的军事策略拟定有很大的影响〔Seward〕American politician who as U.S. secretary of state (1861-1869) arranged the purchase of Alaska from Russia (1867), a transaction long known as "Seward's Folly.”苏华德，威廉·亨利：(1801-1872) 美国政治家，作为美国国务卿(1861-1869年）安排了从俄国购买阿拉斯加省 (1867年），该项购买长期以来被称作“苏华德的愚蠢”〔Alaska〕A state of the United States in extreme northwest North America, separated from the other mainland states by British Columbia, Canada. It was admitted as the 49th state in 1959 and is the largest state of the Union. The territory was purchased from Russia in 1867 for $7,200,000 and was known as Seward's Folly (after Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the purchase) until gold was discovered in the late 1800's. Juneau is the capital and Anchorage the largest city. There are plans to move the capital to Willow, near Anchorage. Population, 551,947.阿拉斯加州：美国的一个州，位于北美洲最西北部，与其它的大陆州被加拿大的不列颠哥伦比亚省隔开。1959年被纳为第49个州，是联邦中面积最大的州。这块领地于1867年以7,200,000美元的价格从俄国购得，直到19世纪晚期在此发现黄金之前，一直被称为“西沃德笨蛋”（源自洽谈购买的国务卿威廉·H·西沃德）。朱诺为其州府，安克雷奇是最大城市。现计划迁州府到安克雷奇附近的威洛。人口551,947〔Rusk〕American public official. As U.S. secretary of state (1961-1969) he supported U.S. military involvement in Vietnam.鲁斯克，戴维·迪安：(生于 1909) 美国公务官员。作为美国国务卿(1961-1969年），他支持美国参与越南战争〔Stimson〕American public official who served as U.S. secretary of state (1929-1933) and secretary of war (1940-1945) during World War II. He was the chief adviser on atomic weaponry to Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S Truman.史汀生，亨利·刘易斯：(1867-1950) 美国公共官员，曾任国务卿(1929-1933年），二次世界大战期间任陆军部长(1940-1945年），他是富兰克林·D·罗斯福和哈里·S·杜鲁门总统的主要原子武器顾问〔Herter〕American politician who was governor of Massachusetts (1953-1957) and U.S. secretary of state (1959-1961).赫脱，克里斯蒂安·阿基伯德：(1895-1966) 美国政治家，曾任马萨诸塞州的州长(1953-1957年）及美国国务卿(1959-1961年）〔Stettinius〕American business executive and public official who served as U.S. secretary of state (1944-1945) and was the first U.S. delegate to the United Nations (1945-1946).斯特丁纽斯，爱德华·雷利：(1900-1949) 美国商务经理和公共官员，曾任国务卿(1944-1945年），是美国首任驻联合国代表(1945-1946年） |
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