| 单词 | 场面 |
| 释义 | 〔unique〕Over the course of the centuryunique has become the paradigmatic example of the class of terms that do not allow comparison or modification by an adverb of degree such as very, somewhat, or quite. Thus, most grammarians believe that it is incorrect to say that something isvery unique or more unique than something else, though phrases such asnearly unique and almost unique are acceptable. In the most recent survey the sentenceHer designs are quite unique in today's fashion scene was unacceptable to 80 percent of the Usage Panel. · Critical objections to the comparison and degree modification of absolute terms date to the 18th centuryand have been applied to a wide group of adjectives includingequal, fatal, omnipotent, parallel, perfect, and unanimous. According to the standard argument, such words denote properties that a thing either does or does not have but cannot have to a qualifiable degree.Thus ifunique is properly used to mean "without equal or equivalent,” something either is unique or it isn't, and phrases such asvery unique and more unique can only betray a weakening of the sense to mean something like "unusual" or "distinctive.” It is true that comparison and modification ofunique are often associated with the style favored by copywriters, as in the advertisement announcing thatOmaha's most unique restaurant is now even more unique or in the claim that a new automobile is So unique, it's patented. But modification ofunique is also found in the work of reputable writers, where it may lack any connotations of hyperbole.A painting is described asthe most unique of Beckman's self-portraits, and a travel writer states thatChicago is no less unique an American city than New York or San Francisco. The relative acceptability of these usages reflects the semantic subtlety ofunique itself. If we were to useunique only according to the strictest criteria of logic, after all, we might freely apply the term to anything in the worldsince nothing is wholly equivalent to anything else.Clearly, then, when we say that a restaurant or painting is unique,we mean that it is worthy of inclusion in a class by itself according to certain implicit but generally accepted criteria.Thus a legitimately unique painting might be one that realizes an unparalleled aesthetic vision,but not one that is rendered only in pigments whose names begin with the lettero; and a legitimately unique restaurant might be one that serves 18th-century French cuisine according to the original recipes,not one that has been installed in a converted sardine cannery.Given this understanding, it is not inherently impossible to think of uniqueness as a matter of degree,in the sense that one painting or restaurant may be more or less worthy of inclusion in a class by itself than some other. ·What is troubling about the copywriters' use ofunique is not that the word has become a synonym for unusual. Rather, it is the copywriters who are using the word in conformity with strict logic.Uniqueness is claimed for a restaurant in virtue of some trivial properties of its decor or menu,or for a resort hotel that simply happens to have a singularly picturesque view of the bay.Though it may be true that such properties render these thingslogically unique, they do not constitute legitimate grounds for putting the things into a class by themselves according to the criteria ordinarily invoked when things are sorted into classes.In fact, the abuse ofunique can be cloying even when no modification or comparison is involved; when we read an advertisement for a line of sportswear that featuresa unique selection of colors, we may suspect that the distinctive properties of the color selection are not so remarkable as the advertiser would have us believe. But it is not surprising that these uses ofunique should lend themselves to promiscuous modification and comparison; for once it is granted that uniqueness can be claimed for any product or service that is somehow distinctive from all its competitors,it is inevitable that an increase in uniqueness will be seen in every minor innovation.See Usage Note at equal ,infinite ,parallel ,perfect 在本世纪整个过程中unique 已成为不能由程度副词，例 very、somewhat 或 quite， 比较或修饰的一类术语的例证。 因此，多数语法学家认为说某事是very unique 或 more unique than 是不正确的， 虽然短语例如nearly unique 和 almost unique 是可接受的。 在最近的调查中，句子Her designs are quite unique in today's fashion scene （她的设计在现今流行样式的场面中是很独特的） 对用法专题使用小组的百分之八十成员是不可接受的。 对纯粹术语的比较和程度修饰的主要异议可追述到18世纪，并已广泛用到许多形容词中，包括equal, fatal, omnipotent, parallel, perfect 和 unanimous。 根据标准论据，这些单词表示一事有或没有但不能有可修饰的程度的性质。于是如果unique 适当地用于表示“没有相等或相当的”，则某事是唯一的或不是唯一的， 而短语像very unique 和 more unique 仅能表露出说明某事像“不寻常的”或“独特的”的意义的减弱。 的确，unique 的比较和修饰常与撰稿人喜欢的文体相联系， 如在广告中称Omaha's most unique restaurant is now even more unique（奥马哈城的最独特的餐馆现在甚至是更加独特） 或声称新汽车是 So unique, it's patented（如此独特，它取得了专利权）。 但是unique 的修饰也在著名作家的作品中发现， 那里可能缺乏夸张法的任何涵义。描述一张油画为the most unique of Beckman's self-portraits（最独特的贝克曼的自画像）， 一位旅游作家叙述Chicago is no less unique an American city than New York or San Francisco（芝加哥比纽约或旧金山是不逊独特的美国城市）。 这些用法的相对可接受性反映unique 自身语义的巧妙。 如果我们仅按照逻辑的严格标准使用unique ， 则我们终于会自由地把此术语使用于世界上的任何事，因为没有完全等同于另一事的事。于是，显然当我们说餐馆或油画是独特的时，我们意味着根据某种隐含的但可普遍接受的判据它是值得包含在一个等级内的。于是合理独特的油画可能是实现空前未有的审美型的，而不是仅给予名字以字母O开始的颜料； 合理独特的餐馆可能根据原来的食谱提供18世纪法国菜肴的餐馆，而不是配备转换的沙丁鱼罐头食品的餐馆。按这样了解，将独特性视为程度问题不是本来就不可能的，在这个意义上一张油画或一个餐馆或多或少可能是极好的有价值的内涵物而不是其他。关于撰稿人使用unique 的困惑不是此单词已成为 unusual 的同义词。 相反地，正是撰稿人使用此单词与严密的逻辑相一致。对餐馆声称独特性是由于它的布置或菜单的某些不重要的性质，或者对于人们常去的旅馆仅因为有海湾的独一无二地别致的景象。虽然这样的性质使得这些事logically 独特的可能是真实的， 但是当事情进行了分类，根据平常实行的判据把这些事情自身放到一类，他们不组成正常的基础。事实上unique 的滥用会使人发腻，即使在没有涉及修饰或比较的时候； 当我们读运动服装的unique selection of colors（颜色的独特选择） 的一行广告时， 我们会怀疑颜色选择的独特性质并非广告商希望我们所认为的那么明显。但不必惊讶于unique 的这些用法应当适用于杂乱的修饰和比较； 就这一次可以承认，独特性能用来指任何产品或服务，它们与所有的竞争者相比较有某种程度的特色，在每一小的创新中可以看到独特性的增加是必然会发生的 参见 equal,infinite,parallel,perfect〔humor〕could not see the humor of the situation.没有看过比这更滑稽的场面了〔Leutze〕German painter of historical scenes, most notablyWashington Crossing the Delaware (1851). 洛伊泽，伊曼纽尔·戈特烈：(1816-1868) 德国画家，作品多描绘历史场面，最著名的是《跨过特拉华河的华盛顿》 （1851年） 〔comic〕a comic situation involving the family's pets.有家庭宠物的幽默场面〔thematic〕a scene of thematic importance.一个主题重要性的场面〔goth〕A style of rock music that often evokes bleak, lugubrious imagery.哥德摇滚：摇滚乐的一种，常常让人想到凄凉、哀伤的场面〔observe〕 solemnize implies dignity and gravity in the celebration of an occasion: solemnize 暗含某一庆祝场面的庄重和严肃： 〔drama〕A situation or succession of events in real life having the dramatic progression or emotional effect characteristic of a play:戏剧性事件或场面：现实生活中具有戏剧特点的进程或感情效果的情景或一系列事件：〔Watteau〕French painter noted for his exuberant scenes of gallantry, such asThe Embarkation for Cythera (1717). 华都，简·安东尼：(1684-1721) 法国画家，以其丰富华丽的场面著称，如《发舟西苔岛》 （1717年） 〔crosscut〕To interweave (fragments of two or more scenes) in a film.剪接：在电影中交叉剪接（两个或两个以上的场面）的片断〔babel〕A scene of noise and confusion.嘈杂和混乱的场面〔wont〕chaotic as holidays are wont to be.假日时的混乱场面〔pinochle〕from French dialectal binocle [spectacles] 源自 法语方言 binocle [场面] 〔double〕To replace an actor in the actor's absence or in a certain scene.替代演出：当演员不在时或在某个场面中由替代演员演出〔Fragonard〕French artist best known for his rococo paintings of exotic landscapes and love scenes.弗拉戈纳尔，简·奥诺：(1732-1806) 法国艺术家，以他的表现奇特风景和情爱场面的洛可可式油画最为著名〔Brueghel〕Flemish painter noted for his landscapes and his lively genre scenes, includingPeasant Wedding (c. 1567). His son Pieter (1564-1638?), known as "the Younger,” is primarily remembered for his copies of his father's works, while another son, Jan (1568-1625), is frequently called "the Flower Brueghel" or "the Velvet Brueghel" for the silky detail of his still-life paintings. 勃鲁盖尔，彼得：(1525?-1569) 佛兰德斯画家，擅画风景画，其《农民的婚礼》 (1567年）场面活泼。其子 皮埃特 (1564-1638?)，被称为“小勃鲁盖尔”，因临摹其父的作品给人们留下深刻印象，另一子 让 (1568-1625年），常被称为“花的勃鲁盖尔”或“天鹅绒勃鲁盖尔”，因为他擅长静物画 〔ugly〕an ugly temper; an ugly scene.坏脾气；令人不快的场面〔phantasmagoria〕A constantly changing scene composed of numerous elements.变幻无常的情景：由许多情景构成的不断变化的场面〔crosscutting〕A technique used especially in filmmaking in which fragments of two or more separate scenes are interwoven.交叉剪接：尤指用于电影制作中的、将两个或两个以上的独立场面的片断交替连接起来的技巧〔high〕The chase scene is the high point of the film.追逐场面是这部电影的高潮〔pompous〕a pompous occasion.一个盛大的场面〔drippy〕a drippy love scene.一个过于伤感的爱情场面〔crosscut〕An example of the cinematic technique of interweaving fragments of two or more scenes.交叉剪接：把两个或多个场面的片断交叉连接起来的电影技巧的一个例子〔locale〕The scene or setting, as of a novel.场景：一部分小说的场面或布景〔precisionism〕A style of early 20th-century painting in which depicted scenes or objects are reduced or simplified to elemental structural forms and rendered by a combination of abstractionism and realism.精确主义：20世纪早期的一种绘画风格，其中所描绘的场面或物像减少为或简化为基本结构形式，并以抽象主义和现实主义的综合手法加以表现〔spectacular〕Of the nature of a spectacle; impressive or sensational.壮观的：场面自然的；给人留下深刻印象的或轰动的〔final〕the final scene of a film.电影的最后场面〔equal〕"Elizabeth found herself quite equal to the scene"(Jane Austen)“伊丽莎白知道自己能应付得了这个场面”(简·奥斯汀)〔precise〕"The setting up of this Maypole was a lamentable spectacle to the precise separatists that lived at New Plymouth"(Thomas Morton)“对于生活在新普利茅斯的正统分离主义者来说，这个五朔节花柱的建立实在是令人伤心的悲惨场面”(托马斯·莫顿)〔slaughterhouse〕A scene of massacre or carnage.屠杀或残杀的场面 |
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