| 单词 | 坚信 |
| 释义 | 〔tenet〕An opinion, doctrine, or principle held as being true by a person or especially by an organization.See Synonyms at doctrine 宗旨：一个人尤指一个组织所坚信的信念、理念或原则 参见 doctrine〔bet〕To maintain confidently, as if making a bet:确信：坚信，象打赌似地确信：〔than〕Since the 18th centurygrammarians have insisted thatthan should be regarded as a conjunction in all its uses, so that a sentence such asBill is taller than Tom should be construed as an elliptical version of the sentence Bill is taller than Tom is. According to this view,the case of a pronoun followingthan is determined by whether the pronoun serves as the subject or object of the verb that is "understood.” Thus, the standard rule requiresPat is taller than I (not me ) on the assumption that this sentence is elliptical forPat is taller than I am but allowsThe news surprised Pat more than me, since this sentence is taken as elliptical forThe news surprised Pat more than it surprised me. However,than is quite commonly treated as a preposition when followed by an isolated noun phrase, and as such occurs with a pronoun in the objective case:John is taller than me. Though this usage is still widely regarded as incorrect,it is predominant in speechand has reputable literary precedent.It is also consistent with the fact thatthan is clearly treated as a preposition in the than whom construction, as ina poet than whom (not than who ) no one has a dearer place in the hearts of his countrymen. Still, the writer who risks a sentence such asMary is taller than him in formal writing must be prepared to defend the usage against objections of critics who are unlikely to be dissuaded from their conviction that the usage is incorrect. · Comparatives usingas . . . as can be analyzed in a parallel way to those using than. Traditional grammarians insist thatI am not as tall as he is the only correct form, and though both literary precedent and syntactic arguments can be marshaled in support of the analysis of the secondas as a preposition (which would license I am not as tall as him ), one should treat this use ofas as a conjunction in formal writing. See Usage Note at as 1自18世纪以来，语法学家坚持以为than 在其所有用法中均应被看作连词， 因此，在诸如Bill is taller than Tom 的句子中应解释为句子 Bill is taller than Tom is 的省略说法。 根据这一观点，than 后跟随代词的情况取决于该代词作为所“理解”的动词的主语还是谓语。 这样，标准规则要求Pat is taller than I （而不是 me )， 考虑到这个句子是Pat is taller than I am 的省略， 但允许The news surprised Pat more than me ， 因为这个句子被认当是The news surprised Pat more than it surprised me 的省略。 然而，当than 跟随一个独立名词短语时常被看作是介词， 如代词用于宾语的情况：John is taller than me 。 尽管这种用法仍然被广泛认为是错误的，但它仍在口语中占主要地位，并且有著名的文学先例。它也符合than 在 than whom 结构中显然被认为是介词的事实， 就象在a poet than whom （而不是 than who ) no one has a dearer place in the hearts of his countrymen 。 然而，冒险在正式写作中应用诸如Mary is taller than him 的作者必须准备针对那些不可能被劝服放弃坚信这种用法是错误的批评家们的反对意见而对此种用法进行辩护。 用比较级as…as 可以用与 than 相同的方式进行分析。 传统的语法学家坚持认为I am not as tall as he 是唯一正确的形式， 尽管文学先例和语法规则都能支持第二个as 作为介词（即允许 I am not as tall as him )的分析， 我们仍应该把这个as 作为正式写作中的连词 参见 as1〔Christian〕Professing belief in Jesus as Christ or following the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus.信徒的：通过耶稣的生活和教诲，坚信耶稣是救世主或追随宗教〔Job〕In the Old Testament, an upright man whose faith in God survived the test of repeated calamities.约伯：《旧约》中一个诚实正直的人物，历经危难，仍坚信上帝〔confirm〕To administer the religious rite of confirmation to.给…施坚信礼：主持对…坚信的宗教仪式〔opinion〕"He had a strong persuasion that Likeman was wrong" (H.G. Wells).“他坚信莱克曼是错的”。 （ H .G.威尔斯）〔churchy〕Conforming or adhering rigorously to the practices or creeds of a church.固守教义的：严格坚信或追随教会的习俗或教义〔naprapathy〕Treatment of disease by manipulation of joints, muscles, and ligaments, based on the belief that many diseases are caused by displacement of connective tissues.推拿疗法：用关节、肌肉和韧带的处理手法来治疗疾病，基于坚信许多疾病由结缔组织的移位而引起〔confirm〕The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.最近的坠机事件使我更坚信我们需要更健全的安全法规〔egalitarian〕Affirming, promoting, or characterized by belief in equal political, economic, social, and civil rights for all people.平等主义：坚信、促进或以如下信仰为特征的，即相信人门在政治、经济、社会和公民权利方面是平等的〔inerrancy〕belief in the inerrancy of the Scriptures.坚信《圣经》的正确性〔opinion〕 Persuasion applies to a confidently held opinion not necessarily based on intellectual considerations: Persuasion 意味着坚信的观点，不一定基于理性思考： 〔amalgam〕an amalgam of strength, reputation, and commitment to ethical principles.See Synonyms at mixture 力量、名誉和坚信民族信念的结合体 参见 mixture〔supposed〕Firmly believed; expected:坚信的；期望中的：〔adherence〕Faithful attachment; devotion:坚持，坚信：忠诚的情感；忠实：〔embourgeoisement〕"The Soviet party, despite a new appearance of embourgeoisement, remained tightly faithful to Soviet discipline"(New York Times)“苏维埃党，尽管有资产阶级化的新表现，仍旧坚信苏维埃的纪律”(纽约时报)〔Europeanism〕Belief in or support of the economic or political unification of Europe.欧洲主义：坚信或支持欧洲经济或政治的统一联合〔Christian〕One who professes belief in Jesus as Christ or follows the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus.基督教徒：以耶稣的生活和教诲为榜样，坚信耶稣是教世主或追随宗教的人〔belief〕an idea steadily gaining credence;逐步得到坚信的观念；〔messianism〕Belief that a particular cause or movement is destined to triumph or save the world.空想：坚信某一事业或运动必将胜利或拯救世界的信念〔inerrantism〕Belief in the inerrancy or literal truth of a particular writing or document.确信主义：坚信某个书面材料或文件的正确无误或文学真实性〔positive〕I'm positive he's right.See Synonyms at sure 我坚信他是正确的 参见 sure〔hallucination〕False or distorted perception of objects or events with a compelling sense of their reality, usually resulting from a mental disorder or as a response to a drug.幻觉：对于事物或事件错误的或扭曲的看法，同时坚信这些看法的真实性 ，它主要产生于精神错乱或药物反应〔progress〕a believer in human progress.See Synonyms at development 坚信人类将不断进步的人 参见 development〔Monophysite〕An adherent of the doctrine that in the person of Jesus there was but a single, divine nature. Coptic and Syrian Christians profess this doctrine.基督一性论者：坚信基督只有一个神性的教义的笃信者。科普特教派和叙利亚基督教派宣扬此教义〔athlete〕Athletes who believe that winning is the most important aspect of athletics have etymological support for their view,even if the way one plays the game is more important than winning a prize.The wordathlete may ultimately go back to the Greek word athlos, "contest, especially a contest for a prize.” Two other possible sources areathlon, "prize won in a contest,” and .athleus, "one who competes.” The Greek wordathlētēs, derived from at least one of these sources, meant "combatant, champion,” and was used especially for competitors in games.Our wordathlete, borrowed from Greek by way of Latin, is first recorded in Middle English (possibly before 1425) with reference to wrestlers.那些坚信体育比赛中取胜是最重要一面的运动员，有词源学根据来支持他们的观点，甚至参加运动的方式比获取奖品更重要。athlete 这个单词可以最终追溯到希腊单词 athlos “比赛， 尤指为获取奖品的竞赛。”另外两个可能的词源是athlon “体育竞赛中获得的奖品”和 athleus “参加体育竞赛的人”。 athletes 这个希腊单词至少从这些词源之一发展而来，意思是“竞技者、冠军”， 尤其用来指体育比赛中的竞技者。这个词athlete 通过拉丁语从希腊语中借用， 最早记录于中世纪英语（大约在1425年以前），用来指摔跤运动〔opinion〕"Our belief in any particular natural law cannot have a safer basis than our unsuccessful critical attempts to refute it" (Karl Popper).“我们对于任何自然规律的坚信都不能象我们怀着不可能的愿望去推翻它那样有一个坚实的基础” （卡尔·波尔）。 |
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