| 单词 | 城邦 |
| 释义 | 〔Florence〕 or Also Fi.ren.ze [fē-rĕnʹdzĕ] A city of central Italy on the Arno River east of Pisa. Originally an Etruscan settlement, then a Roman town, Florence was a powerful city-state under the Medici family during the Italian Renaissance, with a brilliant artistic flowering led by Giotto, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Dante, and Raphael. Population, 453,293. 或 也作 Fi.ren.ze [fē-rĕnʹdzĕ] 佛罗伦萨：意大利中部一城市，位于比萨城东的阿尔诺河畔。最初为一片埃特鲁斯坎人的拓居地，后成为罗马的一个城镇，在意大利文艺复兴时期是一座在梅迪契家族统治下的强大城邦，并涌现出了以乔托、米开朗基罗、莱昂纳多·达·芬奇、但丁和拉斐尔为代表的一批杰出艺术家。人口453,293〔Gaza〕A city of southwest Asia in theGaza Strip, a narrow coastal area along the Mediterranean Sea adjoining Israel and Egypt. The territory was part of the British mandate for Palestine (1917-1948), passed to Egypt in 1949, and was occupied by Israel in 1967. Palestinian autonomy was promised in the 1979 Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty but has not yet been achieved. The city of Gaza was one of the five major Philistine city-kingdoms. Population, 118,272. 加沙：西南亚一城市，位于加沙走廊， 一狭窄沿海区，沿地中海分布，靠近以色列和埃及。其领土原是英国一部分，授权巴勒斯坦人管理（1917-1948年），1949年转给埃及，1967年被以色列占领。巴勒斯坦人的独立建国在1979年两伊协定中有了许诺，但仍未实现。加沙城是5个主要非利人城邦国之一。人口118,272 〔polis〕A city-state of ancient Greece.城邦：古代希腊的一个城邦〔Phoenicia〕An ancient maritime country of southwest Asia consisting of city-states along the eastern Mediterranean Sea in present-day Syria and Lebanon. Its people became the foremost navigators and traders of the Mediterranean by 1250b.c. and established numerous colonies, including Carthage in northern Africa. The Phoenicians traveled to the edges of the known world at the time and introduced their alphabet, based on symbols for sounds rather than cuneiform or hieroglyphic representations, to the Greeks and other early peoples. Phoenicia's culture was gradually absorbed by Persian and later Hellenistic civilizations. 腓尼基：亚洲西南部的一个古代海边国家，由地中海东部沿岸的城邦组成，位于今叙利亚和黎巴嫩境内。直到公元前 1250年，腓尼基人一直是地中海地区最闻名的航海家和商人，并建立了许多殖民地，包括北非的迦太基。腓尼基人到过当时所知的世界边缘，他们把基于声音符号而不是楔形或象形文字的字母表，介绍给希腊人和其他早期民族。腓尼基文化逐步地被波斯文化和后来的古希腊文化所吸收 〔phyle〕A large citizens' organization based on kinship, constituting the largest political subdivision of an ancient Greek city-state.宗族：一种基于亲戚关系的巨大的市民组织，它组成了古希腊城邦的最大的政治分支〔Carthage〕An ancient city and state of northern Africa on the Bay of Tunis northeast of modern Tunis. It was founded by the Phoenicians in the ninth centuryb.c. and became the center of Carthaginian power in the Mediterranean after the sixth century b.c. The city was destroyed by the Romans at the end of the Third Punic War (146 b.c. ) but was rebuilt by Julius Caesar and later ( a.d. 439-533) served as capital of the Vandals before its virtual annihilation by the Arabs (698). 迦太基：非洲北部一古代城邦，位于今突尼斯东北部突尼斯湾沿岸。由腓尼基人于公元前 9世纪创立，并在 公元前 6世纪之后成为地中海上迦太基政权中心。该城在第三次布匿战争结束时（ 公元前 146年）被罗马人毁灭，但不久即被尤里乌斯·凯撒重建，此后（ 公元 439-533年）在被阿拉伯人灭掉之前（1698年）是汪尔达人的首都 〔demos〕The common people of an ancient Greek state.古希腊城邦的平民〔Olynthus〕An ancient city of northeast Greece on the coast of Macedonia. As head of the Chalcidian League after the late fifth centuryb.c. , it opposed the threats of Athens and Sparta but was captured briefly by Athens and subjugated by Sparta in 379. Philip of Macedon destroyed the city in 348. 奥林索斯：希腊东北部，马其顿区一海滨古城。作为公元前 5世纪晚期哈尔基斯城邦联盟的首领，它曾极力与雅典和斯巴达相抗争，但在被雅典占领了一小段时间而后又于379年被斯巴达征服。马其顿国王腓力于348年摧毁了该城 〔boule〕A legislative assembly in any one of the ancient Greek states.古希腊各城邦的立法会议〔Ashanti〕A region and former kingdom of western Africa in present-day central Ghana. The powerful Ashanti confederation of states, formed in the late 17th century, was defeated by the British in 1896 and annexed to the British Gold Coast colony in 1901.阿散提地区：今加纳中部西非的一个地区和前王国，17世纪未形成的强民的阿散提城邦联盟于1896年被英国击溃，1901年并入英国黄金海岸殖民地〔Sparta〕A city-state of ancient Greece in the southeast Peloponnesus. Settled by Dorian Greeks, it was noted for its militarism and reached the height of its power in the sixth centuryb.c. A protracted rivalry with Athens led to the Peloponnesian Wars (460-404) and Sparta's hegemony over all of Greece. Its ascendancy was broken by Thebans in 371. 斯巴达：伯罗奔尼撒半岛东南部古希腊的一个城邦。该城邦由多利安希腊人建立，以其军事主义著名，于公元前 6世纪达到全盛。它与雅典的长期对抗导致了伯罗奔尼撒战争（公元前460-404年）和斯巴达对整个希腊的霸权。它的支配地位于371年被底比斯人摧毁 〔Argos〕A city of ancient Greece in the northeast Peloponnesus near the head of the Gulf of Argolis. Inhabited from the early Bronze Age, it was one of the most powerful cities of ancient Greece until the rise of Sparta.阿戈斯：古希腊的一个城邦，位于伯罗奔尼撒半岛东北部，靠近阿尔戈利斯湾上方。青铜器时代早期开始有人居住，斯巴达兴盛前是古希腊最强盛的城邦之一〔Aristides〕Athenian statesman and general who fought in the Battle of Marathon (490) and in the victory over the Persians at Salamis (480). He was a central figure in the confederation of Greek states known as the Delian League (478).亚里斯泰迪斯：雅典政治家和将军，曾参加马拉松战役（公元前490年）和萨拉米斯战胜波斯的大捷（公元前480年）。他是被称为提洛同盟（公元前478年）的希腊城邦联盟的一个中心人物〔Guelph〕A member of a strong faction in medieval Italy that supported the power of the pope and the city-states in a struggle against the German emperors and the Ghibellines.教皇派，归尔甫派：中世纪意大利一强而有势的政治派别成员，此派支持教皇势力及城邦共和国，反对德国皇帝及意大利贵族政党的斗争〔syncretism〕from sunkrētizein [to unite (in the manner of the Cretan cities)] 源自 sunkrētizein [（按克里特城邦的方式）联合起来] 〔amphictyony〕A league of neighboring ancient Greek states sharing a common religious center or shrine, especially the one at Delphi.近邻各邦联盟：共有一个宗教中心或神殿（特别是在特尔斐的）的古希腊邻近城邦的联盟〔Ashdod〕A city of southwest Israel on the Mediterranean Sea west of Jerusalem near the site of ancientAshdod, an important Philistine city-state that was settled as early as the Bronze Age. Population, 68,900. 阿什杜德：以色列西南部一城市，位于耶路撒冷西部的地中海，在古阿什杜德 所在地附近。该城早在青铜器时代便是重要的腓尼斯人的定居城邦。人口68,900 〔Lutsk〕A city of west-central Ukraine on the Styr River northeast of Lvov. First mentioned in 1085, it was the capital of an independent principality during the 12th century and an important trade center from the 14th to the 16th century. Population, 172,000.卢斯克：乌克兰中西部一城市，位于斯蒂尔河畔利沃夫市东北部。最早于1085年见于史册，在12世纪成为一个独立城邦的首都，14到16世纪时期是一个重要的贸易中心。人口172,000〔Pavia〕A city of northwest Italy south of Milan. Originally a Roman stronghold known as Ticinum, it served as capital of the Lombard kings before 1359 and later became a leading Italian city-state. Population, 85,056.帕维亚：意大利西北部一城市，位于米兰南面。以前是罗马一要塞，名为提契南，1359年前为伦巴底国王首府，后来成为重要的意大利城邦。人口85,056〔Ibadan〕A city of southwest Nigeria north-northwest of Lagos. Founded in the 1830's as a military camp, it developed into a powerful Yoruba city-state and is now a major commercial and industrial center. Population, 1,009,400.伊巴丹：尼日利亚西南一城市，位于拉各斯西北偏北。19世纪30年代作为一个军事营地而建立；后发展成为一个强大的约鲁巴城邦。现在是一个重要的工商业中心。人口1,009,400〔Kano〕A city of north-central Nigeria northeast of Lagos. A powerful Hausa city-state, particularly in the 17th and 18th centuries, it was taken by the British in 1903. It is now the chief industrial city of northern Nigeria. Population, 475,000.卡诺：尼日利亚中北部一城市，位于拉各斯东北部。17和18世纪，该市为势力强大的豪萨人的城邦，1903年被英国人占领。现在，该市为尼日利亚北部主要的工业城市。人口475,000〔phratry〕A kinship group constituting an intermediate division in the primitive structure of the Hellenic tribe or phyle, consisting of several patrilinear clans, and surviving in classical times as a territorial subdivision in the political and military organization of the Athenian state.胞族：在希腊部落或宗族的原始结构中，构成中间分类的亲属集团，包括几个父亲家族，在古典时期又存留下来，成为雅典城邦的政治合军事组织的领地亚分支〔Sumerian〕A member of an ancient people, probably of non-Semitic origin, who established a nation of city-states in Sumer in the fourth millenniumb.c. that is one of the earliest known historic civilizations. 苏美尔人：一个古代民族的成员，很可能是非闪米特的起源在公元前 四千年期间在苏美尔建立了一个城邦国家，这是已知最早的具有重大历史意义的文明之一 〔Speyer〕A city of southwest West Germany on the Rhine River. It became a free imperial city in 1111. Population, 43,748.斯派尔：德国西南部城市，临莱茵河。于公元1111年成为自由的城邦。人口43,748〔Epaminondas〕Theban general and politician who defeated Spartan forces at Leuctra (371), thereby ending Sparta's military dominance of the Greek states.义巴敏诺达：古底比斯将军及政治家，在留克特拉（公元前371年）打败斯巴达军队，从而结束了斯巴达对希腊各城邦的军事统治〔beginning〕the rise and decline of an ancient city-state. end 古代城邦的兴衰 end〔Aegina〕An island off southeast Greece in the Saronic Gulf of the Aegean Sea near Athens. It was a prosperous maritime city-state in the fifth centuryb.c. but declined after its defeat by Athens and the expulsion of its population. The first Greek coins were struck here. 埃伊那岛：靠近希腊东南部一岛屿，位于爱琴海的萨罗尼克湾，临近雅典。公元前 5世纪是一座繁荣的军事城邦，但在被雅典打败以及人口急剧膨胀之后就衰落了。第一枚希腊硬币在此铸造 〔Phocaea〕An ancient Ionian Greek city of western Asia Minor on the Aegean Sea in present-day Turkey. It was an important maritime state c. 1000 to 600b.c. but declined after a Persian siege in 540. 福西亚：小亚细亚西部的一个古代爱奥尼亚希腊城市，位于爱琴海上、今天的土耳其境内，从公元前 1000年到600年是一个重要的海港城邦。但在540年被波斯人围攻后败落 |
| 随便看 |
英汉汉英双解词典收录301015条英汉双解翻译词条，可根据汉字查询相应的英文词汇，基本涵盖了全部常用汉字的英文读音、翻译及用法，是英语学习及翻译工作的有利工具。