| 单词 | 外围 |
| 释义 | 〔penumbra〕An outlying, surrounding region; a periphery:外部、边缘区域；外围：〔dictate〕"Foreign leaders were . . . dictated by their own circumstances, bound by the universal imperatives of politics"(Doris Kearns Goodwin)“外围领导者…被他们自己的环境所支配，被政治的普遍的专横所限制”(多丽丝·克恩斯·古德温)〔faubourg〕The close political ties between Scotland and France during the 15th through 17th centuries were reflected in linguistic borrowing from French to Scots,as in the case offaubourg, a synonym for suburb. In Englandfaubourg seems to have lost the competition with the more popular suburb. However, in contemporary American English the word still exists,although it is virtually confined to the city of New Orleans, where,in fact,faubourg remains in use because of the city's French background. Even there it is used not as a common noun likesuburb but in combination in the names of various quarters of the city,for example,Faubourg Sainte Marie. These city districts, like their counterparts in Paris,such asFaubourg Saint-Germain and Faubourg Saint-Antoine, originally lay outside the city limits, hence the designationfaubourg, originally from Old French fors, "outside,” and borc, "town.” As the population grew outward,these former suburbs became part of the city proper.在苏格兰语对法语语言上的借用反应了15世纪到17世纪之间苏格兰与法国紧密的政治纽带，例如faubourg， 是 suburb 的同义词。 在英国，faubourg 看起来已丧失了与更流行的 suburb 的竞争力。 然而，在当代美国英语中，这个词仍然存在，尽管实际上它限于新奥尔良城。事实上，faubourg 保持在新奥尔良的使用是因为这个城市的法语背景。 它甚至不是像suburb 那样作为一个普通名词使用， 而是与城市的不同区的名字连在一起，例如圣玛丽亚区 。 这些城区，就像它们在巴黎的对应地区，如圣格梅茵区 和 圣安东尼区 一样，一般位于城区的外围， 因此名称faubourg 源自于古法语 fors ，“外面”，和 borc， “城镇”。 随着人口的向外增长，这些前郊区成了城区的一部分〔chromosphere〕An incandescent, transparent layer of gas, primarily hydrogen, several thousand miles in depth, lying above and surrounding the photosphere of a star, such as the sun, but distinctly separate from the corona.太阳的色球层：白热的透明气体层，主要是氢气，有几千英里厚，在恒星（如太阳）的光球外围和四周，但同日冕可以清楚地分开〔peripheral〕Perceived or perceiving near the outer edges of the retina:外围的：观察快超出视网膜边缘的：〔faubourg〕A district of metropolitan New Orleans lying outside the original city limits.See Regional Note at beignet 郊区，近郊：新奥尔良市的一个区，位于主城的外围 参见 beignet〔fringe〕A marginal, peripheral, or secondary part:次要事物（外围）：周边的、边缘的或次要的部分：〔outwork〕A minor fortification constructed beyond a main defensive position or fortification.简易外围工事：在主要防御位置或防御工事之外构筑的小防御工事〔bead〕A projecting rim or lip, as on a pneumatic tire.轮胎卷边：突出的外围或边缘，如充气轮胎的边缘突起〔wingman〕A pilot whose plane is positioned behind and outside the leader in a formation of flying aircraft.僚机飞行员：偏队飞行机群中位于领头飞机后边或外围的飞机的飞行员〔out〕Exterior; external:外部的；外围的：〔magnetopause〕The outer boundary of the magnetosphere.磁顶：磁层的外围边界〔white〕The outermost ring of an archery target.白环：箭靶上最外围的部分〔proceeding〕watched the proceedings from a ringside seat.在赛场外围的座位观看活动〔gorge〕A narrow entrance into the outwork of a fortification.狭窄入口：要塞的外围工事的狭窄入口〔fisheye〕Of, relating to, or being a wide-angle photographic lens that covers an angle of about 180°, producing a circular image with exaggerated foreshortening in the center and increasing distortion toward the periphery.（使用）鱼眼镜头的：覆盖角度在180°左右、产生圆形图象且中央是夸张的使更向外围扭曲的透视图的广角摄影镜头的或与之有关的 |
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